The Effects of Ultraviolet Light on Anthocyanin Accumulation in the Adventitious Roots of Sedum wrightii (Crassulaceae)

Several studies have supported the idea that anthocyanin accumulation may be a possible protection mechanism in plants against DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation (UV). This study explored the accumulation of anthocyanins in the adventitious root tips of Sedum wrightii using the following treatments: UVA, UVA+low UVB, and UVA+high UVB. Following exposure to UV radiation, samples were analyzed for anthocyanin accumulation using an ethanol extraction procedure. Using ELISA, additional root samples were analyzed for indicators of DNA damage: cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone dimers (6-4 PPs). The anthocyanin concentrations were significantly higher in the UVA + high UVB treatment than the other groups. The ELISA resultsshowed that a difference occurred between the control and the treatments of UVA, UVA+low UVB and UVA+high UVB for CPDs and between the control and the UVB treatments for 6-4 PPs. Anthocyanins accumulated with increased UV exposure. However, additional research is needed to determine the significance of anthocyanins in the adventitious root tips of S. wrightii

Mapping the Space of Genomic Signatures

We propose a computational method to measure and visualize interrelationships among any number of DNA sequences allowing, for example, the examination of hundreds or thousands of complete mitochondrial genomes. An "image distance" is computed for each pair of graphical representations of DNA sequences, and the distances are visualized as a Molecular Distance Map: Each point on the map represents a DNA sequence, and the spatial proximity between any two points reflects the degree of structural similarity between the corresponding sequences. The graphical representation of DNA sequences utilized, Chaos Game Representation (CGR), is genome- and species-specific and can thus act as a genomic signature. Consequently, Molecular Distance Maps could inform species identification, taxonomic classifications and, to a certain extent, evolutionary history. The image distance employed, Structural Dissimilarity Index (DSSIM), implicitly compares the occurrences of oligomers of length up to $k$ (herein $k=9$) in DNA sequences. We computed DSSIM distances for more than 5 million pairs of complete mitochondrial genomes, and used Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) to obtain Molecular Distance Maps that visually display the sequence relatedness in various subsets, at different taxonomic levels. This general-purpose method does not require DNA sequence homology and can thus be used to compare similar or vastly different DNA sequences, genomic or computer-generated, of the same or different lengths. We illustrate potential uses of this approach by applying it to several taxonomic subsets: phylum Vertebrata, (super)kingdom Protista, classes Amphibia-Insecta-Mammalia, class Amphibia, and order Primates. This analysis of an extensive dataset confirms that the oligomer composition of full mtDNA sequences can be a source of taxonomic information.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.375

The enemy within:designing a cell-based gameplay system for cancer education

This paper outlines the design and preliminary evaluation of The Enemy Within, a browser-based game produced to raise awareness of the nature of cancer as a progressive disease. Aimed at high school and young adult audiences, the ambition with the game is to make visible to players the myriad ways in which healthy cells can mutate and ultimately inherit hallmarks of cancer, whilst also demonstrating how both real-world behaviours and underlying genetics impact both positively and negatively on cell health

Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan Penyakit Hiv/aids

Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Pengenalan penyakit HIV/AIDS adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk memberi informasi kepada para pengguna yang ingin mengetahui atau mempelajari bagaimana proses dalam pembelajaran pengenalan penyakit HIV/AIDS. Media pembelajaran ini membahas bagian-bagian dalam pengertian-pengertian seperti, pengertian HIV, pengertian AIDS, metode-metode penularan, gejala-gejala dan simulasi cara bekerjanya virus tersebut didalam tubuh. Pada media pembelajaran ini juga dilengkapi dengan latihan soal pilihan berganda yang terdiri dari 12 (dua belas) buah pertanyaan mengenai seluruh materi penyakit HIV/AIDS telah dijelaskan dalam materi sebelumnya. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kejelasan dalam memahami materi yang telah disampaikan. Media ini dirancang dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Adobe Flash CS3 Propesional dan di dukung oleh beberapa perangkat lunak pendukungnya seperti Adobe Photoshop CS3, dan Microsoft Word. Perangkat ini merupakan sebuah aplikasi yang digunakan untuk membuat presentasi yang lebih dinamis, karena didukung oleh animasi dan back sound, dengan begitu presentasi yang dirancang akan lebih menari

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan terhadap Kebijakan Hutang pada Perusahaan Food And Beverages yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to examine the independent variables consisting of Company Size, Profitability and Sales Growth affect the dependent variable is whether the Debt Policy. The population in this study were 16 food and beverage companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. While the sample in this study was 12 companies. The type of data used are secondary data, the data is a company\u27s financial statements. The method of data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis SPSS version 17. The results of this study indicate that the size effect on the Company\u27s Debt Policy, while Profitability and Sales Growth Debt Policy does not affect the significance of the size of the Company with a value of 0.023, 0.447 Profitability and Sales Growth 0604. Adjusted R Square value is equal to 0.050, which means the amount of 5% of independent variables in this study were able to influence the dependent variable. While the remaining 95% is explained by other variables such as free cash flow, managerial ownership, earnings volatility, growth companies, institutional ownership, liquidity, dividend policy, and asset structure