The 3-rainbow index of a graph

Let $G$ be a nontrivial connected graph with an edge-coloring $c: E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,...,q\},$ $q \in \mathbb{N}$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same. A tree $T$ in $G$ is a $rainbow tree$ if no two edges of $T$ receive the same color. For a vertex subset $S\subseteq V(G)$, a tree that connects $S$ in $G$ is called an $S$-tree. The minimum number of colors that are needed in an edge-coloring of $G$ such that there is a rainbow $S$-tree for each $k$-subset $S$ of $V(G)$ is called $k$-rainbow index, denoted by $rx_k(G)$. In this paper, we first determine the graphs whose 3-rainbow index equals 2, $m,$ $m-1$, $m-2$, respectively. We also obtain the exact values of $rx_3(G)$ for regular complete bipartite and multipartite graphs and wheel graphs. Finally, we give a sharp upper bound for $rx_3(G)$ of 2-connected graphs and 2-edge connected graphs, and graphs whose $rx_3(G)$ attains the upper bound are characterized.Comment: 13 page

Improving Influenza Vaccination Rates Through Nursing Journal Clubs

The objective of this CNL Internship Project is to improve patient compliance with the flu vaccine for the 2015 fiscal year. Currently the project is set at a teaching hospital in Northern California on the Abdominal Transplant Unit. Participants include six staff nurses who care for End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), End Stage Liver Disease (ESLD) and abdominal transplant patients. To address the barriers to vaccination, specifically patients’ fear of adverse effects, nursing journal clubs (NJC) were implemented on the unit to educate nurses about the current research on flu vaccination for this patient population. As the facilitator, the CNL encouraged discussion on clinical research and reviewed steps to critically appraise journal articles. Results showed an increase in nurses’ knowledge of the most current research on flu vaccination, an increase in their ability to critique clinical research, an increase in understanding of the rationale for implementing evidence-based practice (EBP), and an increase in the nurses’ confidence in implementing EBP at the bedside. In conclusion, nursing journal clubs are an effective teaching method to educate, empower, and encourage nurses to implement EBP and improve patient outcomes

Nurse-led cognitive screening model for older adults in primary care

Author version made available in accordance with publisher copyright. Under 12 month embargo from date of publication [26 September 2014]. This is the accepted version of the following article: [Yang, Y., Xiao, L. D., Deng, L., Wang, Y., Li, M. and Ullah, S. (2014), Nurse-led cognitive screening model for older adults in primary care. Geriatrics & Gerontology International.], which has been published in final form at [doi: 10.1111/ggi.12339]. In addition, authors may also transmit, print and share copies with colleagues, provided that there is no systematic distribution of the submitted version, e.g. posting on a listserve, network or automated delivery.Aim The present study aimed to establish a nurse-led cognitive screening model for community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory complaints from seven communities in Chongqing, China, and report the findings of this model. Methods Screenings took place from July 2012 to June 2013. Cognitive screening was incorporated into the annual health assessment for older adults with subjective memory complaints in a primary care setting. Two community nurses were trained to implement the screening using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results Of 733 older adults, 495 (67.5%) reported having subjective memory complaints. Of the 249 individuals who participated in the cognitive screening, 102 (41%) had mild cognitive impairment, whereas 32 (12.9%) had cognitive impairment. A total of 80 participants (78.4%) with mild cognitive impairment agreed to participate in a memory support program. Participants with cognitive impairment were referred to specialists for further examination and diagnosis; only one reported that he had seen a specialist and had been diagnosed with dementia. Conclusions Incorporating cognitive screening into the annual health assessment for older adults with subjective memory complaints was feasible, though referral rates from primary care providers remained unchanged. The present study highlights the urgent need for simple screenings as well as community-based support services in primary care for older adults with cognitive or mild cognitive impairments

Effects of physical activity on functional health of older adults: a systematic review

Reviews on the relationships between functional health and physical activity of general older adults have been well documented in literature. However, specific age range of older adults, in particular, older adults of 75 years or above, is currently under-examined. A systematic review was conducted to investigate the effects of physical activity on functional health older adults aged 75 years or above. The reviewed articles cover a variety range of functional health outcomes, including balance, muscle conditioning, joint range of motion, quadriceps strength, reaction time, gait speed, health-related quality of life, back and knee pain, muscle mass, and walking ability. In general, interventions of the reviewed articles had favourable effects on function health of older adults. While physical activity has been identified as an important determinant of functional health, the ways to engage in and accumulate sufficient daily physical activity warrant investigation. It is also important to explore interventions which enhance daily, self-driven physical activity of elderly, as normally supervised physical activity bears higher costs

丹戎布拉大学师范教育学院汉语专业 2017 届学生对汉语近义形容词的掌握情况 分析

AbstractIn the learning process, because there are subtle differences between synonyms, students are likely to make mistakes in the collocation of similar adjectives in sentences, so I urged the author to investigate the students’ mastery of similar forms.Duo to the diverse classification of Chinese synonyms, so I research scope is limited to synonymous adjective. The function and meaning of adjectives is to distinguish the difference between things. If scholars can distinguish the subtle differences between synonyms, there will be no lack of meaning. This thesis obtains information by testing survey methods. Based on the result of the test analysis it can be concluded that students of the 2017 FKIP UNTAN Chinese language education study program have good mastery of mandarin adjective synonyms. The average correct rate of test questions is 60.47%.Keywords: Synonyms, Adjectives, Master

利用对比教学法提高学生对“又”和“再”的掌握能力

摘要 ：“又” 和 “再” 是汉语口语和书面语中经常而且大量使用的两个副词， 由于意思相近，对于很多学习者来说，“又” 和 “再” 在使用和词义辨析以及它们在具体句型上的使用上又是尤为困难的。虽然副词“又”和“再”能自由运用，可是副词“又” 和“再” 在语义， 语义指向方面有很大区别，特别是对于汉语为第二语言的学习者来说， 这两个很难区别。笔者利用对比教学法对丹戎布拉国立大学中文系2014年A班的学生进行副词“又”和“再”的教学。目的就是为了    提高学生对副词“又”和“再”的理解以及掌握好运用的能力，加上使用测试来了解学生学习前和学习后的情况和结果，进行对比。结果很明显学习后的结果比学习前有所提高，这表示对比教学法适合用于进行副词“又”和“再”的教学。 关键词 ： 副词“又”和“再” 对比教学法 Abstract: "You" and "zai" are both common auxiliary verb that is often used in Chinese language in writing and speaking, since the meaning of those auxiliary verbs have similarities, for most people who learn it, "you" and "zai" in case of using and meaning of the words, and the using of those auxiliary verb in certain sentence could be very difficult. Even auxiliary verbs of "you" and "zai" can be used freely, however the auxiliary verb of "you" and "zai" in interpretation, in the aspect showing the meaning have a significant differences, especially for students who study Chinese Language as a second language, they will be very difficult to distinguish the auxiliary verbs.The author uses comparison method to teach the auxiliary verbs of "you" and "zai" to Chinese language education student of Tannjungpura University, class A of 2014. The purpose of the research is to increase students’ understanding and to improve students’ auxiliary verbs of “you” and “zai” mastery, including with giving the test to understand the condition and the results of the students before and after the treatment, and making a comparison. The result is very apparent that there has been increased after the treatment, it shows that the comparison method is suitable for teaching auxiliary verbs of "you" and "zai". Keywords: Adverbs “you” and “zai”; Comparative Teaching Metho

ANALISIS MAKNA PERIBAHASA MANDARIN MENGGUNAKAN UNSUR RASA “PAHIIT”

Proverb is a word that is often used by people in ancient times until now and is a part of Chinese culture. Proverbs have many elements, namely animals, plants, the human body, numbers, colors, flavors and other elements. Mandarin proverbs are often used by old people in general and become part of their lives. Until now, proverbs are often used in people's lives, both in learning and in daily conversation.However, young people today rarely know about proverbs and use proverbs in their lives. Therefore, the writer chose mandarin proverbs as the object of research. The writer analyzes the meaning of Chinese proverbs using the element of taste, namely the bitter taste element from the Chinese Proverb Dictionary, namely “Xuě Shēng Chéngyǔ Cídiǎn and Hànyǔ chéngyǔ xuéxí cídiǎn ” and the writer collecs 34 proverbs and analyzes the meaning of the 34 proverbs.Through the method of analysis and description, the writer can conclude that among 34 proverbs, 21% of idioms have positive meanings, 12% have negative meanings, and 68% contain meanings from these proverbs

汉语“春”成语的含义与文化价值分析

AbstractMandarin idioms are fixed phrases used in Mandarin for a long time and the source is abundant. But, there are differences in environment and perspective in Indonesia and China.Therefore, by analyzing idioms containing spring, we learn mandarin while understanding its cultural value. The research takes mandarin idioms containing the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun） as the object of research. The research method used descriptive qualitative. Through the analysis method, the writer can make a conclusion that in terms of its meanings and emotional color, the most emotional color of the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun) mandarin idioms are that it contains praise. From the perspective of cultural values, the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun) mandarin idioms include teaching methods, expressing the customs and conditions of the Spring Festival, enjoying the spring scenery, the love of children for their parents, traditional architectural culture, characteristics between spring and autumn, then etiquette to become a good ruler.Keywords: Chinese Idiom, Cultural Values, Emotional Color , Meaning, Sprin

Analysis of DeepL Translation Results in the Movie “You Are The Apple Of My Eye”

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keakuratan terjemahan DeepL dan untuk mengkaji perubahan bentuk dan makna yang terjadi ketika menggunakan terjemahan DeepL. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan penulisan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Simak Bebas Libat Cakap. Penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai proses pengumpulan data meliputi pencatatan dan pengkategorian data berdasarkan karakteristiknya. Setelah data terkumpul, penulis mengelompokkannya ke dalam sebuah tabel.Film You Are The Apple Of My Eye menunjukkan bahwa 86 item data mengalami pergeseran baik bentuk maupun makna. Dalam penelitian ini, 75 item data mengalami pergeseran bentuk, meliputi 1,39% yang mengalami pergeseran level, 2,44% yang mengalami pergeseran struktural, 0,23% yang mengalami pergeseran kelas, 4,65% yang mengalami pergeseran unit, dan 0% yang mengalami pergeseran intra-sistem. Selain itu, 11 item data mengalami pergeseran makna, dengan 0,81% bergeser dari makna umum ke makna khusus, 0,23% bergeser dari makna khusus ke makna umum, dan 0,23% mengalami pergeseran makna karena perbedaan perspektif budaya. Di akhir makalah ini, terjemahan mesin DeepL cenderung literal, dan akurasinya perlu ditingkatkan

使用 SQ4R 学习法提高丹戎布拉大学师范教育学院汉语专业 2019 届学 生的阅读理解能力

AbstractReading comprehension ability is an ability that is mastered through the sense of vision to read letters and understand the contents of text. Because student’s attitudes toward reading are still passive, students during reading lessons are not focused make their reading comprehension ability is lacking. Therefore, author motivated to conduct research using learning model SQ4R to improve students reading comprehension ability. This research uses experimental research methods, true experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design. This research sample were students of generation 2019 mandarin language education study program at FKIP Untan, there were 33 students. The data collection methods were observation, written tests (pretest and posttest), and student’s response questionnaires. This research results were analyzed using SPSS 2.0 program. This research results were average results of the learning process using learning model SQ4R was 74,22%, indicating that the learning process belongs to the good category; T-test pretest and posttest results of experimental group was the value sig 0,000>α (0,05), Ha accepted, showing that there was significant improvement in learning outcomes from pretest and posttest. The questionnaires results showed the average percentage of student responses to the learning model SQ4R was 72,84%, indicating that students reponses was good.Keywords: Improve, Reading Comprehension Ability, Learning Model SQ4