A crian��a e seus direitos na família e na sociedade: uma cartografia das leis e resoluções El niño y sus derechos en la familia y en la sociedad: una cartografía de las leyes y de las resoluciones The rigths of the child in family and in society: cartography of laws and resolutions

Esta pesquisa compreende uma revisão documental das leis, resoluções e outros documentos referentes ao direito das crianças e adolescentes existentes no Brasil e exterior, objetivando com isso uma compreensão e um conhecimento maior sobre a criança e seus direitos. Os documentos selecionados foram: a Declaração dos Direitos da Criança de 1959; a Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988; a Carta da Criança Hospitalizada de 1988; o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente de 1990; e os Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente Hospitalizados (Resolução 41/95). Realizamos leitura flutuante de todos os documentos, citamos artigos relevantes ao tema, ressaltando algumas considerações. Concluímos que já existem legislações que protegem o direito da criança, porém é necessário garantir o usufruto desses direitos.<br>Esta investigación comprende una revisión documental de las leyes, resoluciones y otros documentos referentes al derecho de los niños y adolescentes en Brasil y en el exterior y tiene como objetivo una comprensión y un conocimiento mayor sobre el niño y sus derechos. Los documentos seleccionados han sido: la Declaración de los Derechos del Niño de 1959; la Constitución Federal de Brasil de 1988; la Carta del Niño Hospitalizado, de 1988; el Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente de 1990; y los Derechos del Niño y del Adolescente Hospitalizados (Resolución 41/95). Hemos realizado lectura fluctuante de todos los documentos, citamos artículos relevantes al tema y resaltamos algunas consideraciones. Hemos concluido que ya existen legislaciones que protegen el derecho de los niños, pero es necesario garantizar el usufructo de esos derechos.<br>This research is a documental review of laws, resolutions and others documents related to children and adolescents' rights existing in Brazil and overseas, aiming thus a comprehension and greater knowledge about the child and his rights. The documents chosen were:1959's Pronouncement of Child Rights; 1988's Federal Constitution of Brazil; 1988's Letter of Hospitalized Child; 1990&acute;s Statute of Child and Adolescent; and the Rights of Child and Adolescent hospitalized (Resolution 41/95). We did floating reading of all documents, mentioning relevant articles to theme, highlighting some considerations. We conclude that already exist legislations that protect the right of child, though it is necessary to ensure the use of these rights

Organogênese direta e aclimatização de plantas de patchouli Direct organogenesis and acclimatization of patchouli

O patchouli é uma espécie aromática cujo óleo essencial é largamente empregado pela indústria de perfumes. A propagação convencional desta espécie é por estaquia, sendo a micropropagação uma alternativa para propagação clonal de indivíduos livres de patógenos em larga escala. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência de combinações de diferentes fontes de auxinas com cinetina sobre a organogênese de patchouli, assim como diferentes tipos de composição de substratos na aclimatização de mudas micropropagadas da espécie. Foram realizados dois ensaios para organogênese. No primeiro, avaliação de cinco concentrações de cinetina (0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0 e 6,0 mg L-1) e quatro concentrações de AIA (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 mg L-1) e no segundo, cinco concentrações de cinetina (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mg L-1) e três concentrações de ANA (0,0; 0,1 e 0,5 mg L-1). Para aclimatização foram analisados os substratos: pó de coco + fertilizante formulado (NPK 3-12-6 + Ca, S, Zn, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e B a 3,0; 2,5; 0,1; 0,025; 0,01; 0,075; 0,05 e 0,0015%, respectivamente) na concentração de 12 g L-1 + calcário (1 g L-1) [PBC]; pó de coco + vermiculita (2:1) + fertilizante formulado na concentração de 12 g L-1 + calcário (1 g L-1) [PBCV (2:1)]; pó de coco + vermiculita (1:1) + fertilizante formulado na concentração de 12 g L-1 + calcário (1 g L-1) [PBCV (1:1)]; pó de coco + 1 g L-1 de calcário + sais do MS [PCMS]; vermiculita acrescido de sais do MS, sendo 15 mL da mistura de sais por planta [VMS]; vermiculita + fertilizante formulado na concentração de 12 g L-1 [VMB]. Neste estudo foi observado que a organogênese direta pode ser promovida em meio MS acrescido de 2,47 mg L-1 de cinetina e 0,1 mg L-1 de ANA, sendo as etapas de alongamento, individualização e enraizamento das brotações promovidas em meio MS básico. Já para aclimatização um dos melhores resultados foi obtido com o substrato PBCV (1:1).<br>Patchouli is an aromatic species whose essential oil is largely employed by perfume industry. This conventional propagation is carried out using cuttings. Micropropagation is an alternative for clonal propagation of pathogens free individuals in large scale. We analyzed the influence of different combinations of auxins and kinetin in patchouli organogenesis and different kinds of substrate mixtures for the acclimatization of micropropagated plantlets. Two tests of organogenesis induction were carried out. In the first, five kinetin concentrations (0.0; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 and 6.0 mg L&#8209;1) and four IAA concentrations (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) were tested, and in the second, five kinetin concentrations (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) and three NAA concentrations (0.0; 0.1 and 0.5 mg L-1). For acclimatization the following substrates were analyzed: coconut dust + formulated fertilizer (NPK 3-12-6 + Ca, S, Zn, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and B at 3.0; 2.5; 0.1; 0.025; 0.01; 0.075; 0.05 and 0.0015%, respectively) at the concentration of 12 g L-1 + limestone (1 g L-1) [PBC]; coconut dust + vermiculite (2:1) + formulated fertilizer at the concentration of 12 g L-1 + limestone (1 g L-1) [PBCV (2:1)]; coconut dust + vermiculite (1:1 v/v) + formulated fertilizer at the concentration of 12 g L-1 + limestone (1 g L-1) [PBCV (1:1)]; coconut dust + limestone (1 g L-1) + MS salts [PCMS]; vermiculite added with MS salts, using 15 mL of the salt mixture per plant [VMS]; vermiculite + formulated fertilizer at the concentration of 12 g L-1 [VMB]. Direct organogenesis can be promoted by MS medium supplemented with 2.47 mg L-1 of kinetin and 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA. The shoot elongation, individualization and shoot rooting steps, however, were promoted in MS medium without growth regulators. For acclimatization one of the best results was obtained using PBCV (1:1)

Health information systems and pesticide poisoning at Pernambuco

INTRODUCTION: Understanding the epidemiologic profile of a particular disease is key to undertake health actions. To that end, information systems that present quality data help in the decision-making process and demonstrate the impact of the problems.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the contribution of health information systems for the characterization of pesticide poisoning through SINAN, CEATOX and SIM in the State of Pernambuco.METHOD: In this study, the completeness and consistency of the data were assessed, as well as the epidemiological profile of pesticide poisoning in Pernambuco in the period from 2008 to 2012, based on the following Health Information Systems: Center for Toxicological Assistance of Pernambuco (CEATOX), Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and Mortality Information System (SIM).RESULTS: The data revealed incompleteness and inconsistencies in information. Regarding the profile, females are more affected in the morbidity profile, and men have a higher mortality rate. Poisoning was more frequent in young adults with low educational level. With regard to the circumstances, most of the cases were suicide attempts, unique acute cases and not related to work. Despite suggesting underreporting, the data showed that persons engaged in agriculture are most commonly affected.CONCLUSION: The strengthening of these systems is necessary for the generation of consistent information that support health policies for the population groups involved.</sec

Splenectomy Improves Hemostatic and Liver Functions in Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis Mansoni

Schistosomiasis mansoni is a chronic liver disease, in which some patients (5-10%) progress to the most severe form, hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. This form is associated with portal hypertension and splenomegaly, and often episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding, even with liver function preserved. Splenectomy is a validated procedure to reduce portal hypertension following digestive bleeding. Here, we evaluate beneficial effects of splenectomy on blood coagulation factors and liver function tests in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni compared to non-operated patients.Forty-five patients who had undergone splenectomy surgery were assessed by laboratory analyses and ultrasound examination and compared to a non-operated group (n = 55). Blood samples were obtained for liver function tests, platelet count and prothrombin time. Coagulation factors (II, VII, VIII, IX and X), protein C and antithrombin IIa, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were measured by routine photometric, chromogenic or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, while hyperfibrinolysis was defined by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels. Both groups had similar age, gender and pattern of periportal fibrosis. Splenectomized patients showed significant reductions in portal vein diameter, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels compared to non-operated patients, while for coagulation factors there were significant improvement in prothrombin, partial thromboplastin times and higher levels of factor VII, VIII, IX, X, protein C and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.This study shows that the decrease of flow pressure in portal circulation after splenectomy restores the capacity of hepatocyte synthesis, especially on the factor VII and protein C levels, and these findings suggest that portal hypertension in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis influences liver functioning and the blood coagulation status