Animal study on factors influencing anterograde renal pelvis perfusion manometry

ObjectsAnterograde renal pelvis perfusion manometry is an effective method to assist in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract obstruction.MethodsTo established a rat model of partial ureteral obstruction to explore the perfusion rate, renal pelvis volume, obstruction sites, contralateral upper urinary tract, and lower urinary tract functions, which may affect anterograde renal pelvis perfusion manometry. To measure the renal pelvis volume using ultrasound. Depending on whether clamped the contralateral ureter and it continuously emptied the bladder, perfused the renal pelvis at rate of 15, 30, 60, 90, or 120 mL/h to measure the pressure synchronously.ResultsThe research showed the renal pelvis volume of UPJ and UVJ at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks respectively, significantly increased compared with the control group. Comparison of the renal pelvis volume between the UPJ and UVJ groups was not statistically significant. The renal pelvis pressure of UPJ and UVJ was significantly increased compared with the control group, and the UVJ group was greater than the UPJ group. The renal pelvic pressure increased as the perfusion rate increased. Comparing the renal pelvis pressure measured using synchronous bladder emptying with the renal pelvis pressure measured singly, the difference was statistically significant. Comparing the renal pelvis pressure measured using synchronous bladder emptying with measured with a clamped contralateral ureter, the difference was not statistically significant; however, in some groups, the difference was statistically significant. Measuring the renal pelvis pressure singly and clamping the contralateral ureter, the difference was not statistically significant, except in some groups, the difference was significant.ConclusionThe study suggested that ureter obstruction sites, perfusion rates, renal pelvis volumes, and synchronous bladder emptying affects the renal pelvis pressure. The function of the contralateral upper urinary tract did not affect renal pelvis pressure in the short term

Efficient detection for quantum states containing fewer than kk unentangled particles in multipartite quantum systems

In this paper, we mainly investigate the detection of quantum states containing fewer than $k$ unentangled particles in multipartite quantum systems. Based on calculations about operators, we derive two practical criteria for judging $N$-partite quantum states owning fewer than $k$ unentangled particles. In addition, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our frameworks through some concrete examples, and specifically point out the quantum states having fewer than $k$ unentangled particles that our methods can detect, while other criteria cannot recognize.Comment: 7 page

Multipartite entanglement detection via generalized Wigner-Yanase skew information

The detection of multipartite entanglement in multipartite quantum systems is a fundamental and key issue in quantum information theory. In this paper, we investigate $k$-nonseparability and $k$-partite entanglement of $N$-partite quantum systems from the perspective of the generalized Wigner-Yanase skew information introduced by Yang $et$ $al$. [\href{https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.106.052401 }{Phys. Rev. A \textbf{106}, 052401 (2022)}]. More specifically, we develop two different approaches in form of inequalities to construct entanglement criteria, which are expressed in terms of the generalized Wigner-Yanase skew information. Any violation of these inequalities by a quantum state reveals its $k$-nonseparability or $k$-partite entanglement, so these inequalities present the hierarchic classifications of $k$-nonseparability or $k$-partite entanglement for all $N$-partite quantum states from $N$-nonseparability to $2$-nonseparability or from $2$-partite entanglement to $N$-partite entanglement, which are more refined than well-known ways. It is shown that our results reveal some $k$-nonseparability and $k$-partite entanglement that remain undetected by other methods, and these are illustrated through some examples.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Asymmetric Masked Distillation for Pre-Training Small Foundation Models

Self-supervised foundation models have shown great potential in computer vision thanks to the pre-training paradigm of masked autoencoding. Scale is a primary factor influencing the performance of these foundation models. However, these large foundation models often result in high computational cost. This paper focuses on pre-training relatively small vision transformer models that could be efficiently adapted to downstream tasks. Specifically, taking inspiration from knowledge distillation in model compression, we propose a new asymmetric masked distillation (AMD) framework for pre-training relatively small models with autoencoding. The core of AMD is to devise an asymmetric masking strategy, where the teacher model is enabled to see more context information with a lower masking ratio, while the student model is still equipped with a high masking ratio. We design customized multi-layer feature alignment between the teacher encoder and student encoder to regularize the pre-training of student MAE. To demonstrate the effectiveness and versatility of AMD, we apply it to both ImageMAE and VideoMAE for pre-training relatively small ViT models. AMD achieved 84.6% classification accuracy on IN1K using the ViT-B model. And AMD achieves 73.3% classification accuracy using the ViT-B model on the Something-in-Something V2 dataset, a 3.7% improvement over the original ViT-B model from VideoMAE. We also transfer AMD pre-trained models to downstream tasks and obtain consistent performance improvement over the original masked autoencoding. The code and models are available at https://github.com/MCG-NJU/AMD.Comment: Accepted by CVPR 202

Identification of key subsystems for urban rail vehicles based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Abstract Identification of key subsystems for urban rail vehicles is important for the selection of maintenance strategy. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation technique is applied to determine the key subsystems of urban rail vehicles. Firstly, the vehicle is divided into nine subsystems according to the module partition method. Then, the degrees of occurrence, severity, detection and maintenance cost are chosen as the evaluation factors that are quantified based on fuzzy theory and collected historical data. Finally, the calculation model of critical degree is established based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The proposed approaches are applied to Guangzhou Metro Corporation, and five key subsystems are selected. The experiment results, which are consistent with those of most knowledgeable engineers and experts, indicate the validity of the proposed method

Upper urinary dilatation and treatment of 26 patients with diabetes insipidus: A single-center retrospective study

ObjectiveTo describe the urinary tract characteristics of diabetes insipidus (DI) patients with upper urinary tract dilatation (UUTD) using the video-urodynamic recordings (VUDS), UUTD and all urinary tract dysfunction (AUTD) systems, and to summarize the experience in the treatment of DI with UUTD.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed clinical data from 26 patients with DI, including micturition diary, water deprivation tests, imaging data and management. The UUTD and AUTD systems were used to evaluate the urinary tract characteristics. All patients were required to undergo VUDS, neurophysiologic tests to confirm the presence of neurogenic bladder (NB).ResultsVUDS showed that the mean values for bladder capacity and bladder compliance were 575.0 ± 135.1 ml and 51.5 ± 33.6 cmH2O in DI patients, and 42.3% (11/26) had a post-void residual >100 ml. NB was present in 6 (23.1%) of 26 DI patients with UUTD, and enterocystoplasty was recommended for two patients with poor bladder capacity, compliance and renal impairment. For the 24 remaining patients, medication combined with individualized and appropriate bladder management, including intermittent catheterization, indwelling catheter and regular voiding, achieved satisfactory results. High serum creatinine decreased from 248.0 ± 115.8 μmoI/L to 177.4 ± 92.8 μmoI/L in 12 patients from a population with a median of 108.1 μmoI/L (IQR: 79.9-206.5 μmoI/L). Forty-four dilated ureters showed significant improvement in the UUTD grade, and the median grade of 52 UUTD ureters decreased from 3 to 2.ConclusionBladder distension, trabeculation and decreased or absent sensations were common features for DI patients with UUTD. Individualized therapy by medication combined with appropriate bladder management can improve UUTD and renal function in DI patients

Effect of Direct Current on Solid-Liquid Interfacial Tension and Wetting Behavior of Ga–In–Sn Alloy Melt on Cu Substrate

The effect of direct current (DC) on the wetting behavior of Cu substrate by liquid Ga–25In–13Sn alloy at room temperature is investigated using a sessile drop method. It is found that there is a critical value for current intensity, below which the decrease of contact angle with increasing current intensity is approximately linear and above which contact angle tends to a stable value from drop shape. Current polarity is a negligible factor in the observed trend. Additionally, the observed change in contact angles is translated into the corresponding change in solid-liquid interfacial tension using the equation of state for liquid interfacial tensions. The solid-liquid interfacial tension decreases under DC. DC-induced promotion of solute diffusion coefficient is likely to play an important role in determining the wettability and solid-liquid interfacial tension under DC

Semi-supervised affinity propagation based on density peaks

Zbog nezadovoljavajućeg učinka grupiranja (klasteriranja) pomoću algoritma grupiranja propagacijom afiniteta (AP - affinity propagation) u slučaju nizova podataka složene strukture, u radu se predlaže polu nadzirani algoritam grupiranja propagacije afiniteta temeljen na vršnoj gustoći (SAP-DP). Taj algoritam primjenjuje novi algoritam vršne gustoće (DP - density peaks) čija je prednost višestruko grupiranje uz polu-nadziranje, izgradnja udvojenih ograničenja zbog usklađivanja s matricom sličnosti, a zatim izvršenje grupiranja propagacijom afiniteta. Rezultati simulacijskih eksperimenata potvrdili su da je grupiranje predloženim algoritmom učinkovitije od grupiranja konvencionalnom propagacijom afiniteta (AP).In view of the unsatisfying clustering effect of affinity propagation (AP) clustering algorithm when dealing with data sets of complex structures, a semi-supervised affinity propagation clustering algorithm based on density peaks (SAP-DP) was proposed in this paper. The algorithm uses a new algorithm of density peaks (DP) which has the advantage of the manifold clustering with the idea of semi-supervised, builds pairwise constraints to adjust the similarity matrix, and then executes the AP clustering. The results of the simulation experiments validated that the proposed algorithm has better clustering performance compared with conventional AP

R07. Identification of Antifungal Bisphosphocholines from Medicinal Gentiana Species

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Xing-Cong Li, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters/1006/thumbnail.jp

Molecular characterization and functional analysis of cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification CYP302A1 gene involved in host plant adaptation in Spodoptera frugieprda

The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is a destructive and polyphagous pest of many essential food crops including maize and rice. The FAW is hard to manage, control, or eradicate, due to its polyphagous nature and voracity of feeding. Here, we report the characterization and functional analysis of the detoxification gene CYP302A1 and how S. frugieprda larvae use a detoxification mechanism to adapt host plants. Results demonstrated that CYP302A1 expression levels were much higher in midgut tissue and the older S. frugiperda larvae. Our current studies revealed the enhanced P450 activity in the midguts of S. frugiperda larvae after exposure to rice plants as compared to corn plants and an artificial diet. Furthermore, higher mortality was observed in PBO treated larvae followed by the exposure of rice plants as compared to the corn plant. The dsRNA-fed larvae showed downregulation of CYP302A1 gene in the midgut. At the same time, higher mortality, reduced larval weight and shorter developmental time was observed in the dsRNA-fed larvae followed by the exposure of rice plant as compared to the corn plant and DEPC-water treated plants as a control. These results concluded that the inducible P450 enzyme system and related genes could provide herbivores with an ecological opportunity to adapt to diverse host plants by utilizing secondary compounds present in their host plants