Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Necessidades de aprendizagem de profissionais de enfermagem na assistência aos pacientes com fístula arteriovenosa Necesidades de aprendizaje de profesionales de enfermería en la asistencia a pacientes con fístula arteriovenosa Learning needs of professional nurses to care for patients with arteriovenous fistula

OBJETIVO: Identificar as necessidades de aprendizagem de profissionais de enfermagem na prestação de assistência aos pacientes portadores de fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) em hemodiálise, a fim de melhorar os cuidados prestados a estes pacientes. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com coleta de dados realizada por meio de questionário semi-estruturado entregue aos profissionais de enfermagem que atuavam na unidade de hemodiálise de um Hospital Base do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Do total de 43 profissionais, 36 (83,7%) responderam a esse questionário. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 36 participantes do estudo, 44,9% apresentaram dificuldades na assistência prestada ao paciente portador de FAV, sendo 47,2% em puncionar a FAV; 19,4% na hemostasia após a retirada das agulhas; 19,4% informaram ter dúvidas na orientação dos pacientes e 13,9% relataram falta de habilidade quando a FAV apresenta hematoma. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível conhecer as necessidades de aprendizagem na assistência de enfermagem ao paciente portador de FAV e elaborar um protocolo para a assistência de enfermagem, a fim de melhor os cuidados prestados a estes pacientes.<br>OBJETIVO: Identificar las necesidades de aprendizaje de profesionales de enfermería en la asistencia a los pacientes portadores de fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) en hemodiálisis a fin de mejorar los cuidados prestados a estos pacientes. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio transversal, cuya recolección de datos fue realizado por medio de un cuestionario semi-estructurado entregado a los profesionales de enfermería que actuaban en la unidad de hemodiálisis de un Hospital Base del interior del Estado de Sao Paulo. Del total de 43 profesionales, 36 (83,7%) respondieron el cuestionario. RESULTADOS: De los 36 participantes del estudio, el 44,9% presentaron dificultades en la asistencia prestada al paciente portador de FAV, siendo el 47,2% en la punción de la FAV; el 19,4% en la hemostasia después del retiro de las agujas; el 19,4% informaron tener dudas en la orientación de los pacientes y el 13,9% relataron falta de habilidad cuando la FAV presenta hematoma. CONCLUSIÓN: Fue posible conocer las necesidades de aprendizaje en la asistencia de enfermería al paciente portador de FAV y elaborar un protocolo para la asistencia de enfermería, a fin de mejorar los cuidados prestados a estos pacientes.<br>OBJECTIVES: To identify the learning needs of professional nurses to provide quality care for patients with arteriovenous fistula (AV Fistula) for hemodialysis. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 36 professional nurses from the hemodialysis unit of a hospital in the State of São Paulo. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Initially, questionnaires were distributed to 43 nurses, but only 36 (83.7%) responded and returned the questionnaires. RESULTS: A great number of nurses (44.9 %) reported to have difficulties in providing quality care for patients with AV Fistula. Difficulties were related to the access of AV Fistula for hemodialysis (47.2%), hemostasis of the site when withdrawing the needle after hemodialysis (19.4%) and lack of competency for the management of hematoma (13.9%), and patient's instructions and education (19.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses had many learning needs to prepare them to care for patients with arteriovenous AV Fistula. This finding led to the development of a protocol to facilitated quality care nursing care

Infestation by Haematopinus quadripertusus on cattle in São Domingos do Capim, state of Pará, Brazil Infestação por Haematopinus quadripertusus em bovinos de São Domingos do Capim, Estado do Pará, Brasil

Severe infestation with lice was observed on crossbred cattle (Bos taurus indicus ×Bos taurus taurus) in the municipality of São Domingos do Capim, state of Pará, Brazil. Sixty-five animals were inspected and the lice were manually collected, preserved in 70% alcohol and taken to the Animal Parasitology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Brazil, for identification. The adult lice were identified as Haematopinus quadripertusus, and all the cattle examined were infested by at least one development stage of this ectoparasite. The specimens collected were located only on the tail in 80% (52/65) of the cattle, while they were around the eyes as well as on the ears and tail in 20% (13/65). Nits, nymphs and adults of the parasite were respectively collected from 98.46% (64/65), 38.46% (25/65) and 23.08% (15/65) of the animals examined. This is the first report of bovine pediculosis caused by H. quadripertusus in the state of Pará, Brazil. Further studies should be conducted to determine the occurrence pattern of this species in Brazil and its importance to livestock production.<br>Alta infestação por piolhos foi observada em vacas mestiças Bos taurus indicus e Bos taurus taurus do município de São Domingos do Capim, Estado do Pará, Brasil. Sessenta e cinco animais foram inspecionados e os piolhos foram coletados manualmente, armazenados em álcool 70% e transportados ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará para a identificação. Os exemplares adultos foram identificados como Haematopinus quadripertusus e todos os animais examinados apresentaram pelo menos um estágio de desenvolvimento do ectoparasito. Em 80% (52/65) dos animais, os exemplares coletados localizavam-se somente na cauda e em 20% (13/65) na região periocular, orelha e cauda. Lêndeas, ninfas e adultos foram coletados, respectivamente, em 98,46% (64/65), em 38,46% (25/65) e em 23,08% (15/65) dos animais examinados. Esse é o primeiro relato de pediculose bovina causada por H. quadripertusus no estado do Pará e mais estudos devem ser realizados para determinar a ocorrência dessa espécie no Brasil e a sua importância para a pecuária nacional

Involvement of Kallikrein-Kinin System on Cardiopulmonary Alterations and Inflammatory Response Induced by Purified Aah I Toxin from Scorpion Venom

International audienceBradykinins are released from kininogen by kallikrein. They increase capillary lung permeability after their binding to β1 and especially β2 receptors before being metabolized by kininase enzyme. This study was performed to evaluate cardiopulmonary damages and inflammatory response on injected rats with Aah I toxin of scorpion venom and the involvement of Kallikrein-Kinin system in this pathogenesis. Obtained results revealed that Aah I toxin induces inflammatory cell infiltration accompanied by cellular peroxidase activities, a release of cytokine levels, pulmonary and myocardial damage, with altered metabolic activities and imbalanced redox status. Administration of aprotinin (bradykinin inhibitor) and especially icatibant (bradykinin β2 receptor antagonist) seemed to be able to protect animals against the toxicity of Aah I; nevertheless, the use of captopril (kininase II inhibitor) reduced partially some cardiac disorders. These findings indicate that the kallikrein-kinin system may contribute to the physiopathological effect and lung edema formation induced by toxin, which suggests a potential use of drugs with significant anti-kinin properties