Florian Znaniecki and Janusz Ziółkowski: the tradition and ongoing research on the evaluation of urban space

Artykuł omawia specyfikę socjologicznego rozumienia przestrzeni, skupiając się na koncepcjach dwóch reprezentantów poznańskiej socjologii miasta: Floriana Znanieckiego i Janusza Ziółkowskiego. Centralne miejsce w ich rozważaniach o mieście zajmowało wartościowanie przestrzeni przez różne grupy i zbiorowości, determinujące, ich zdaniem, sposób i zasięg użytkowania tej przestrzeni. Tekst przedstawia najważniejsze w tej kwestii badania Znanieckiego i Ziółkowskiego, wpisując jej w kontekst socjologii europejskiej i ekologicznej szkoły z Chicago. Ostatnia część artykułu poświęcona jest nawiązaniom do koncepcji wartościowania przestrzeni we współczesnych badaniach socjologicznych i możliwościom odwoływania się do tej koncepcji w dzisiejszych dyskusjach na temat tożsamości miast, zanikania ich centrum oraz rewitalizacji zdegradowanych obszarów miejskich.This article presents the specifics of a sociological understanding of space, focusing on the concepts of two Polish researchers in urban sociology – Florian Znaniecki and Janusz Ziółkowski. It discusses the evaluation of space by  different social groups and communities which determine the manner and extent of its use. The most important studies of Znaniecki and Ziółkowski arepresented and placed in the context of European urban sociology and the Ecological School of Chicago. In the final section, it is shown how sociologists today may refer to the concept of the evaluation of space, especially in contemporary discussions on the identity of cities, the disappearance of city centers and urban renewal

Kształcenie, dokształcanie oraz wykorzystanie kwalifikacji kadr

Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

Solar Resonant Diffusion Waves as a Driver of Terrestrial Climate Change

A theory is described based on resonant thermal diffusion waves in the sun that appears to explain many details of the paleotemperature record for the last 5.3 million years. These include the observed periodicities, the relative strengths of each observed cycle, and the sudden emergence in time for the 100 thousand year cycle. Other prior work suggesting a link between terrestrial paleoclimate and solar luminosity variations has not provided any specific mechanism. The particular mechanism described here has been demonstrated empirically, although not previously invoked in the solar context. The theory also lacks most of the problems associated with Milankovitch cycles.Comment: in press with The Journal of Atmospheric and Solr Terrestrial Physic

Coherent states and geodesics: cut locus and conjugate locus

The intimate relationship between coherent states and geodesics is pointed out. For homogenous manifolds on which the exponential from the Lie algebra to the Lie group equals the geodesic exponential, and in particular for symmetric spaces, it is proved that the cut locus of the point $0$ is equal to the set of coherent vectors orthogonal to $\vert 0>$. A simple method to calculate the conjugate locus in Hermitian symmetric spaces with significance in the coherent state approach is presented. The results are illustrated on the complex Grassmann manifold.Comment: 19 pages, enlarged version, 14 pages, Latex + some macros from Revtex + some AMS font

Global-mean marine δ13C and its uncertainty in a glacial state estimate

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2015. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Quaternary Science Reviews 125 (2015): 144-159, doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.010.A paleo-data compilation with 492 δ13C and δ18O observations provides the opportunity to better sample the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and infer its global properties, such as the mean δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon. Here, the paleocompilation is used to reconstruct a steady-state water-mass distribution for the LGM, that in turn is used to map the data onto a 3D global grid. A global-mean marine δ13C value and a self-consistent uncertainty estimate are derived using the framework of state estimation (i.e., combining a numerical model and observations). The LGM global-mean δ13C is estimated to be 0:14h±0:20h at the two standard error level, giving a glacial-to-modern change of 0:32h±0:20h. The magnitude of the error bar is attributed to the uncertain glacial ocean circulation and the lack of observational constraints in the Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans. Observations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans generally have 10 times the weight of an Atlantic point in the computation of the global mean. To halve the error bar, roughly four times more observations are needed, although strategic sampling may reduce this number. If dynamical constraints can be used to better characterize the LGM circulation, the error bar can also be reduced to 0:05 to 0:1h, emphasizing that knowledge of the circulation is vital to accurately map δ13CDIC in three dimensions.GG is supported by NSF grants OIA-1124880 and OCE-1357121, the WHOI Ocean and Climate Change Institute, and The Joint Initiative Awards Fund from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

On the state dependency of fast feedback processes in (palaeo) climate sensitivity

Palaeo data have been frequently used to determine the equilibrium (Charney) climate sensitivity $S^a$, and - if slow feedback processes (e.g. land ice-albedo) are adequately taken into account - they indicate a similar range as estimates based on instrumental data and climate model results. Most studies implicitly assume the (fast) feedback processes to be independent of the background climate state, e.g., equally strong during warm and cold periods. Here we assess the dependency of the fast feedback processes on the background climate state using data of the last 800 kyr and a conceptual climate model for interpretation. Applying a new method to account for background state dependency, we find $S^a=0.61\pm0.06$ K(Wm$^{-2}$)$^{-1}$ using the latest LGM temperature reconstruction and significantly lower climate sensitivity during glacial climates. Due to uncertainties in reconstructing the LGM temperature anomaly, $S^a$ is estimated in the range $S^a=0.55-0.95$ K(Wm$^{-2}$)$^{-1}$.Comment: submitted to Geophysical Research Letter