Aproximación experimental a la antropología.

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Mikroszkópikus gombák (Aspergillus, Fusarium, Cryptococcus) mitokondriális genomszerveződésének összehasonlító elemzése = Study on the mitochondrial genome organisation of some microscopic fungi

Munkánk során meghatároztuk egy Aspergillus niger (1a típus, 31103 bp) és egy A. tübingensis (2b típus, 33656 bp) törzs teljes mitokondriális DNS szekvenciáját. A két genom géntartalma és a gének sorrendje megegyezik, különbséget mindössze a restrikciós enzimek hasítási mintázatában tapasztaltunk. Megállapítottuk, hogy a méretbeli eltérésekért a cox1, atp9 és a ndh4L gének intron-tartalma felelős. Elkészítettük a korábban már RFLP mintázat alapján elkülönített hat A. tübingensis mtDNS fizikai és funkcionális térképét. Eredményeink bizonyították, hogy a tapasztalt intraspecifikus polimorfizmus intron-szerzéssel illetve restrikciós hasítóhelyeket érintő pontmutációkkal magyarázható. Növény-patogén Fusarium törzsek biodiverzitását a mtDNS RFLP mintázata alapján tanulmányoztuk. Több haplotípust sikerült elkülönítenünk a vizsgált 3 fajban. Meghatároztuk e haplotípusok gazdanövény szerinti eloszlását. F. proliferatum lineáris, mitokondriumban lokalizált DNS plazmidjának teljes szekvenálását elvégeztük. A plazmid funkciójára jelenleg nincs bizonyítékunk. Cryptococcus neoformans két varietas-ának mtDNS szerveződését hasonlítottuk össze. Megállapítottuk, hogy a tapasztalt méretbeli különbséget a cox1, cob és LRNS gének eltérő intron-tartalma okozza. Egy másik vizsgált faj, a Trichosporon pullulans 18 kb méretű mtDNS-e a legkisebb, NADH géneket is tartalmazó mtDNS-nek bizonyult élesztőgombák között. | In the present work the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Aspergillus niger mtDNA type 1a (31103 bp) was sequenced and compared to the Aspergillus tubingensis type 2b (33656 bp) mtDNA. The patterns of restriction sites were similar, the gene content and order was identical. The size difference was principally attributed to the intron content of their cox1, atp9 and ndh4L genes. A. tubingensis isolates were earlier classified into six groups on the basis of the mtDNA RFLP pattern. The reason of the intraspecific mtDNA variability was investigated and proved that polymorphism due to intron acquisition and also sporadic point mutations affecting the recognition motifs of the restriction enzymes. Biodiversity of plant-pathogenic Fusarium isolates belonging to 3 different species were studied. On the basis of the RFLP pattern of their mtDNA several haplotypes were identified. The distribution of these haplotypes among host species was determined. The complete nucleotide sequence of a 10 kb linear DNA plasmid was identified, however, its function is still unknown. The functional map of the mtDNAs of two Cryptococcus neoformans varities was constructed. Characteristic sequences were cloned, sequenced and verified that the intron-content of coxI, cob and LRNA genes are responsible for the size differences of the two strains. The study of the organisation of Trichosporon pullulans mtDNA revealed that it is smallest known mtDNA among yeast carrying NADH dehidrogenase genes

Glossary of terms used in photocatalysis and radiation catalysis (IUPAC recommendations 2011)

This glossary of terms covers phenomena considered under the very wide terms photocatalysis and radiation catalysis. A clear distinction is made between phenomena related to either photochemistry and photocatalysis or radiation chemistry and radiation catalysis. The term "radiation" is used here as embracing electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths, but in general excluding fast-moving particles. Consistent definitions are given of terms in the areas mentioned above, as well as definitions of the most important parameters used for the quantitative description of the phenomena. Terms related to the up-scaling of photocatalytic processes for industrial applications have been included. This Glossary should be used together with the Glossary of terms used in photochemistry, 3rd edition, IUPAC Recommendations 2006: (doi:10.1351/pac200779030293) as well as with the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book" 2006-; doi:10.1351/goldbook), because many terms used in photocatalysis are defined in these documents. © 2011 IUPAC

Exploiting electron storage in TiO2 nanoparticles for dark reduction of As(v) by accumulated electrons

UV irradiation of an ethanolic sol of TiO2 nanoparticles produces a trapped Ti(III) centre and a noticeable Burstein shift. Direct evidence that the accumulated charges can drive the otherwise forbidden reduction of As(V) by conduction band electrons is presented.Fil: Levy, Ivana Karina. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia Quimica. CAC; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Brusa, Marta Adelina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, Matías Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Custo, Graciela. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia Quimica. CAC; ArgentinaFil: San Roman, Enrique Arnoldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de Los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Litter, Marta Irene. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia Quimica. CAC; ArgentinaFil: Grela, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin

How the EU facilitated contact between the Irish government and the British royal family

In 2011, a state visit by Queen Elizabeth II to Ireland was hailed as a watershed moment for UK-Irish relations. Darren Litter writes that while the event was highly symbolic, the EU had helped facilitate contact between the Irish government and the royals as far back as the 1970s

Understanding the role of European Council summits in reaching the Good Friday Agreement

One of the most sensitive issues during the Brexit process has been the impact of the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union on Northern Ireland. Darren Litter argues that against this backdrop, the important role that European Council summits played in the Northern Ireland peace process has largely been overlooked. The European Council is currently ... Continue

The EU helped to end the armed campaign of the Provisional IRA

The role of the European Union in the ending of the armed campaign of the Provisional IRA should not be underestimated, argues Darren Litter (Queen’s University Belfast). The historical indispensability of the EU to the UK and Ireland’s ability to strike the delicate balance that is the Northern Ireland peace process must be considered in the months and years ahead

The totality of UK-Irish relations is at risk because of Brexit

The European Union was a crucial element of the totality of UK-Irish relationships that would allow for the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, writes Darren Litter (Queen’s University Belfast)

Thermal and Non-Thermal Plasma for Destruction of Pollutants

Wastewater remediation has become a global concern; thus, thedevelopment of innovative advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)for wastewater treatment is still a major challenge. Advanced oxidationprocesses (AOPs) are innovative tools that involve an introductionof energy (e.g., chemical, electrical and radiative) intothe reaction zone to generate highly reactive species, especiallyhydroxyl radicals (HO?). In this sense, plasma technology is includedamong AOPs and considered as a promising remediationtechnology for water remediation. Developed since 1987, thetechnique is environmentally friendly, simple and effective for decomposingtoxic organic compounds in raw water or wastewater. In view of these facts, applications of atmospheric pressureelectrical plasma technologies for water treatment attract the increasinginterest and emerge as technological opportunities for theplasma community.Fil: Litter, Marta Irene. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental; Argentin