La relevancia del contenido en función del acto de pensar

Desde la teoría tradicional de la educación, se concibe al acto de enseñar como gestor para el desarrollo del pensamiento propio. Esto sugiere que la enseñanza debería no sólo brindarnos data formal, sino provocarnos las dudas que nos obligarán a reflexionar sobre un tema determinado. Obsérvese que digo reflexionar y no simplemente pensar sobre un tema. Ya que es posible pensar acerca de algo y aún así no haber reflexionado sobre él, y mucho menos haber obtenido ninguna conclusión

Just stop it : the role of ventral attention network integrity on reactive inhibition in schizophrenia

"Cognitive control deficits are prevalent in schizophrenia patients (SZ). Previous research using reactive inhibition tasks has found SZ take longer to inhibit a prepared response. Abnormalities in the ventral attention network, which responds to unexpected stimuli, may play a role. The goal of this study was to examine whether structural integrity within this network is altered in SZ and relates to impaired reactive control over action in SZ. 20 SZ and 20 healthy controls (HC) performed an oculomotor variant on the stop-signal task and underwent diffusion tensor imaging. Subjects were required to make rapid eye movements to a target (T1) within an array. On some trials, the target jumped to a new location (T2), and participants were instructed to look directly at T2, inhibiting their saccade to T1. The time needed to inhibit (TSRT) was calculated. Probabilistic tractography was used to construct white matter tracts between primary visual cortex (V1), the ventral attention network (temporoparietal junction-TPJ and inferior frontal cortex-IFC), and supplementary eye fields (SEF). Microstructural integrity (FA) of these tracts was compared across groups and correlated with TSRT. Groups did not differ in speed of either STOP or GO latency. Increased positive symptoms and deceased occupational functioning predicted slower inhibition speeds in SZ. Additionally, SZ had decreased FA in V1-TPJ and IFCSEF. Increased FA in TPJ-IFC significantly predicted decreased positive symptoms. FA of these three tracts did not predict the speed of inhibition. These findings suggest attention plays a role in inhibition tasks. However, the lack of correlations between tract integrity and performance makes it unclear whether these white matter differences are relevant to performance."--Page ii.(M.A.)--Michigan State University. Psychology, 2018Includes bibliographical references (pages 42-48

Aprendizado de máquina para desenvolvimento de modelo semi-empírico de predição de ruído de motor aeronáutico

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Joinville. Engenharia Aeroespacial.O aumento do tráfego aéreo eleva o nível de ruído existente no entornos dos aeroportos, impactando a qualidade de vida da população que habita tais espaços. Nesse contexto, a predição de ruído é uma importante ferramenta de projeto preliminar de aeronaves orientado à atenuação de ruído, visando ao conforto acústico e conformidade com as normas existentes em cada país, que tem se tornado cada vez mais rígidas. Uma das principais fontes de ruído em uma aeronave durante a decolagem é o seu sistema propulsivo, sendo o motor turbo fan predominante na aviação. Com o objetivo de obter ferramentas de predição de ruído adequadas, foi proposta uma modificação da regressão utilizada por Heidmann (1979) para a predição de ruído de banda larga de conjunto rotor estator característico de turbofan. A metodologia utilizada para obter modelo de predição consistiu na aplicação de três técnicas de aprendizado de máquina (random florest, k nearest neighbors e Multi Layer Perceptron) em dados de ensaio de ruído existentes. Para a seleção de modelo utilizou-se validação cruzada e análise das métricas de erro nos modelos obtidos. Os modelos selecionados como melhores foram os seguintes: random florest com erro médio de 0.676, k nearest neighbors com erro médio de 0.56 e um modelo que utiliza Multi Layer Perceptron com erro médio de 1.286. Apesar do modelo utilizando Multi Layer Perceptron possuir um erro médio maior e ser mais caro computacionalmente que o modelo random florest e KNN, o modelo Multi Layer Perceptron foi considerado mais adequado para a predição devido à suavidade apresentada na predição de nível de pressão sonora total.The increase in air traffic raises the noise level around airports, impacting the quality of life of the population that inhabits these spaces. In this context, noise prediction is an important tool for aircraft preliminary design oriented to noise attenuation, in a manner that acoustic comfort and compliance with existing legal standards are accounted for, which is important because those standards have become increasingly restricted. One of the main sources of noise in an aircraft during takeoff is the propulsive system, being the turbofan engine the most used. To obtain adequate noise prediction tools, a modification of the regression used by Heidmann (1979) for broadband noise prediction of a turbofan rotor-stator assembly was proposed. The methodology used to obtain a new prediction model consists of the application of three machine learning techniques (random forest, k nearest neighbors and Multi Layer Perceptron) in existing engine noise data. Cross-validation and analysis of error were applied in the models obtained for model selection. The best models selected were the following: random forest with an average error of 0.676, k nearest neighbours with an average error of 0.56 and a model that uses a Multi Layer Perceptron with an average error of 1.286. Although the highest error is found on the Multi Layer Perceptron model and it has a greater computational cost than the other models, the Multi Layer Perceptron was considered more suitable for prediction due to the smoothness presented in the prediction of overall sound pressure level

Empty Forest Syndrome: Are we there yet? A preliminary Analysis of the Hunting and Poaching Activities in Selected Areas in Sabah, Malaysia

Hunting poses a longstanding threat to tropical wildlife conservation, now reaching critical levels. In Borneo, Malaysia, around six million animals were hunted yearly in the 1990s, about 36 per sq. km. High demand for game meat, facilitated by improved transportation, drives unsustainable consumption across the tropics. Depletion of animal populations leads hunters to new areas. Roughly 18% of rainforests are protected, yet pressures persist, endangering species due to weak regulations, limited resources, and external threats. This study examines wildlife hunting trends in Sabah, uncovering insights from community interviews regarding hunting impact and resource dependence. A total of 45 people were interviewed in six study areas: Sandakan, Tawau, Kota Belud, Tambunan, Keningau and Tenom. It was found that local communities hunt for food and that hunting is a common way of life for them. Based on the arrests of hunters by the Wildlife Rescue Unit, a report on animal hunting was compiled by the Sabah Wildlife Department and analysed. The most commonly hunted animal is the bearded pig. Parts of bearded pigs were found in the cars of 76.97% of hunters arrested, followed by parts of sambar deer (13.7%). Throughout Sabah, the empty forest syndrome (EFS) is becoming a dangerous silent disaster. While most "simple" forest features are attractive to the eye, they are gradually losing their ecological function. Although this study is not exhaustive, the preliminary findings point to a serious EFS scenario in Sabah if everyone continues to neglect the syndrome and do nothing about it

Interazione education-sistema economico e le informazioni che la favoriscono

Livon, D., Interazione education-sistema economico e le informazioni che la favoriscono, Osservatorio Isfol, V (2015), n. 1-2/2015, pp. 45-47. Isfol OA: Article. Il 19 febbraio 2015, a Roma, presso la sede del CNEL, è stato presentato il "Sistema informativo sulle professioni". Il convegno è stato occasione di confronto tra i rappresentanti di ISFOL e ISTAT, esponenti delle istituzioni a livello centrale e regionale ed esperti sul tema, i cui contributi sono raccolti nella sezione Laboratorio del numero 1-2/2015 dell’Osservatorio. 2015article. il 19 febbraio 2015, a roma, presso la sede del cnel, è stato presentato il "sistema informativo sulle professioni". il convegno è stato occasione di confronto tra i rappresentanti di isfol e istat, esponenti delle istituzioni a livello centrale e regionale ed esperti sul tema, i cui contributi sono raccolti nella sezione laboratorio del numero 1-2/2015 dell’osservatorio. 2015 interazione education-sistema economico e le informazioni che la favoriscono daniele livo

El extrano caso del doctor Pound y el Sr. Urtecho : traducción, canibalismo cultural e hibridización literaria

« L'étrange cas du Dr. Pound et de M. Urtecho : traduction, canibalisme culturel et hibridation littéraire ». Dans la formation de la poétique au Nicaragua, les traductions de poètes nord- américains par José Coronel Urtecho et Ernesto Cardenal, permettent d'ouvrir une réflexion sur l'appropriation d'une littérature par une autre. La traduction d'Ezra Pound par ces deux poètes importants est un cas révélateur, autant que la sélection que tous deux ont faite dans leur Panorama y antologia de la poesia norteamericana (1940). À travers ces choix (en eux-mêmes constitutifs d'une traduction culturelle) et à travers les traductions des poèmes, on voit se profiler la poésie « colloquiale » (ou conversationnelle) que ces deux poètes ont développée dans la décennie suivante. En une cannibalisation culturelle, Urtecho et Cardenal s'approprient la poésie nord- américaine pour légitimer et développer une poétique latino-américaine. Paradoxalement, ils construisent une critique politique de la culture nord-américaine, cherchant à inverser la relation centre-périphérie de laquelle est parti leur programme poétique. La traduction révèle ainsi la façon dont les cultures dessinent leur généalogie. Le passé est recréé par la traduction.Livon-Grosman Ernesto. El extrano caso del doctor Pound y el Sr. Urtecho : traducción, canibalismo cultural e hibridización literaria. In: América : Cahiers du CRICCAL, n°31, 2004. Mémoire et culture en Amérique latine, v2. pp. 201-208