La linfoadenectomia robotica e a cielo aperto nel NSCLC in stadio iniziale

La linfoadenectomia è una fase fondamentale nel trattamento e stadiazione del NSCLC. In tale lavoro, vengono posti a confronto due approcci chirurgici differenti nell'esecuzione del campionamento dei linfonodi: l'approccio toracotomico o a cielo aperto e l'approccio robotico. L'efficacia della linfoadenectomia eseguita con tecnica robotica è sempre stata oggetto di dibattito. Per tale motivo, in questo studio, prendendo in considerazione casi di NSCLC agli stadi iniziali, vengono confrontate entrambe le procedure chirurgiche in termini di numero totale di linfonodi prelevati, di stazioni esaminate totali e mediastiniche, di giorni di degenza e di complicanze post-operatorie

Free-living marine nematode communities: In San Jorge gulf, Argentina

The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns of nematode diversity and community structure in San Jorge Gulf, Argentina, in order to improve knowledge of this key group of organisms. Free-living marine nematodes were sampled at 13 stations in February 2014 during an expedition aboard R/V Coriolis II. We found a total of 188 species (101 of which were new to science) belonging to 98 genera. The statistical results indicated the presence of three different assemblages of free-living marine nematodes distributed spatially in three distinct zones in the gulf: the central part, the outer thermal front at both sides of the entrance, and the south thermal front area. Diversity increased from the coast to the entrance of the gulf, and the highest diversity was found in areas with coarser sediment. Sediment and salinity were the environmental parameters that best matched nematode community distribution.Fil: Pastor de Ward, Catalina T.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Lo Russo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Varisco, Martin Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Golfo San Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Golfo San Jorge. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Golfo San Jorge; Argentin

Osteonecrosis of the jaw related to everolimus and bisphosphonate: a unique case report?

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious lesion of the jaw, characterized mainly by exposed necrotic bone;it is related to various drugs, usually used for treating patients with advanced malignancies. Drugs implicated in ONJ are: nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs), denosumab, anti-angiogenic drugs (e.g bevacizumab, sunitinib,sorafenib) and the selective mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR, everolimus. Previous data regarding the combining of NBPs with antiangiogenic agents conflict with some reports (indicating a similar risk of ONJ compared with the use of NBPs alone1); other reports show significantly higher rates (18% vs 1% with NBPs alone) of the incidence of ONJ2. The mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase, a component of a complex signaling pathway, involved in cell growth and metabolism, reducing VEGF levels and inhibiting the growth and proliferation of tumor cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and blood vassels. Everolimus has been approved for the treatment of advanced breast cancer, neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic origin (pNET), and advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This case report may help to explain the temporal relationship between therapy and the occurrence of ONJ with the sequential use of NBPs and mTOR. A 64-year-old male patient underwent a left, radical nephrectomy in 1992 for clear-cell renal carcinoma. In July 2010 he developed a bone metastasis and he was treated with zoledronic acid 4 mg IV every 4 weeks between 7 July 2010 and 17 August 2012. In February 2011 he had another recurrence, a lung metastasis treated with lobectomy and everolimus 10 mg/die for 6 months from 11 April 2011 to 31 October 2012. In 13 October 2012 the patient showed a facial enlargement and oral fistula in the first quadrant with no history of tooth extraction. A bone scan revealed an ill-defined radiolucency and an orosinusal communication. In January 2013 the patient underwent a right and partial left maxillectomy and is currently being followed up to minimize the risk of new adverse reactions

Nasal anomalies review with CT or MRI: from congenital to malignant.

Learning Objectives. To describe imaging findings of a wide spectrum of uncommon nasal cavity masses evaluated at our institution by CT, CBCT and MR imaging, clinically and pathologically proven. Background. In this work we present a succinct review of disease illustrated by a retrospective case series of nasalcavity masses, evaluated at our institution. between 2010 and 2013. Patients have been studied with different imaging modalities including multiraw computed tomography (CT), cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR) to illustrate the findings and to summarize the main diagnostic keypoints for the differential diagnosis of nasal masses. Clinicopathological correlation is also reported and imaging findings we present have been isthopathologically proven. Images aid in recognition and characterization of the lesions. Many different types of lesions may involve the nasal cavities and imaging studies, CBCT, CT and MR, provide anatomical details and could be helpful first in differentiating benign to malignant lesions and secondary in characterization of the lesion. Referring to non neoplastic lesions, rinoliths, piogenic granuloma and septal mucocele are reported. Referring to benign and borderline tumors osteoma, hamartoma, hemangioma, hemangiopericytoma, cemento-ossifying fibroma, antrochoanal polip and inverted papilloma are reported. Referring to malignant neoplasms intestinal type adenocarcinoma, esthesioneuroblastoma and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma are reported. CONCLUSION. This review of uncommon nasal masses studied with different imaging modalities (CT, CBCT and MRI)should be useful in differential diagnosis of the wide spectrum of nasal tumors and non tumors masses

Smart Analogue Sampler for the Optical Module of a Cherenkov Neutrino Detector

A transient waveform sampler/recorder IC has been developed and realized in AMS C35B4 technology. This chip has been designed to fit the needs of a proposal for a front-end architecture for the readout of the anode signal of the photomultipliers in an underwater neutrino telescope. The design is based around a 3 channels x 32 cells switched capacitor array unit sampling its voltage inputs at 200MHz external clock rate and transferring the stored analogue voltage samples to its single analogue output at 1/10th of the sampling rate. This unit is replicated inside the ASIC providing 4 independent analogue sampling queues for signal transients up to 32 x 5 ns and a fifth unit storing transients up to 128 x 5 ns. A micro-pipelined unit, based on Muller C-gates, controls the 5 independent samplers. This paper briefly summarizes the complete front-end architecture and discusses in more detail the internal structure of the ASIC and its first functional tests

mtDNA diversity in rabbit population from Sicily (Italy)

The European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (O.c) lives all over the world and it represents an important resource for many predators. It has been classified as a Near-Threatened species in the Red List of Vertebrates of Italy. It is present in mediterranean basin as two known subspecies: O.c. cuniculus and O.c. algirus. The mediterranean geographic distribution of the two subspecies is still not well known. In particular, in Sicily, lacking of deep studies, is based on the body size and morphological characteristics; there wasn’t a complete description of the actual existing subspecies and previous studies only reported the morphological characteristics of the sicilian rabbit population. In this study, we analyzed genetic data, mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome b (cytb), from the rabbit population in Sicily in a phylogenetic framework. This is the first study concerning the genetics of the sicilian rabbit, to reconstruct intraspecific phylogeny by comparing cytb mtDNA sequences of 13 newly isolated O.cuniculus haplotypes from Sicily and 7 individuals from other countries (Canada, France, Mexico, North Italy, South Africa, Spain, Sweden). Our results show that the rabbit population from Sicily has a mitochondrial type (Lineage B) that has been previously shown to be associated with O. c. cuniculus and is similar to sequences from rabbits in North-Est Spain, Southern France, Sweden and South Africa