smarce1 mutants have a defective endocardium and an increased expression of cardiac transcription factors in zebrafish

Animal science

Avaliação da qualidade de painéis compensados de Pinus maximinoi, Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii com diferentes composições estruturais

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050985738This study was developed to evaluate the effects of different compositions of plywood of Pinus maximinoi, Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii. Were manufactured in laboratory plywood composed by seven veneer with 3,0 mm thickness, with standard composition, longitudinal reinforced composition and transversal reinforced composition. Were used for veneer gluing the phenol- formaldehyde resin with the following formulation in parts of weight: resin = 100, extender = 10 and water = 10. The amount of glue spread was 160 g/m² (one side layer). The boards were pressed at temperature of 150ºC, specific pressure of 15 kgf/cm² and press time of 15 minutes. Were realized static bending tests in the parallel and cross direction. The boards of Pinus maximinoi showed better results in MOE and MOR, parallel and cross direction in comparison to boards of Pinus oocarpa and Pinus tecunumannii. The boards made from three species showed satisfactory results of MOE and MOR, parallel and cross direction, in comparison to commercial plywood of Pinus taeda. The veneer reinforced in to parallel and cross direction not influenced significantly in the results of MOE and MOR parallel direction. The longitudinal veneer reinforced plywood affects poorly the results of MOE and MOR in the cross direction.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050985738Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes composições estruturais sobre as propriedades mecânicas de painéis compensados de Pinus maximinoi, Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii. Foram produzidos em laboratório painéis compensados com sete lâminas de 3,0 mm de espessura, com composição padrão, reforço longitudinal e reforço transversal. Para a colagem de lâminas foi utilizada resina fenol-formaldeído com a seguinte formulação em partes por peso: resina = 100, extensor = 10 e água = 10. A gramatura empregada foi 160 g/m² (linha simples). Os painéis foram prensados à temperatura de 150ºC, pressão específica de 15 kgf/cm² e tempo de prensagem de 15 minutos. Para avaliação das propriedades mecânicas foram realizados os ensaios de flexão estática paralela e perpendicular à direção das fibras das lâminas das capas. Os painéis de Pinus maximinoi apresentaram resultados médios superiores de MOE e MOR paralelo e perpendicular em relação aos painéis de Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii. Os painéis produzidos com as três espécies estudadas apresentaram resultados satisfatórios de MOE e MOR, paralelo e perpendicular, em comparação aos painéis compensados comerciais produzidos de Pinus taeda. As inclusões de reforço longitudinal e transversal não influenciaram significativamente nos resultados médios de MOE e MOR paralelo. O reforço longitudinal afetou negativamente os resultados médios de MOE e MOR perpendicular

EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF PLYWOOD MANUFACTURED FROM Pinus maximinoi, Pinus oocarpa AND Pinus tecunumannii WITH DIFFERENTS BOARD COMPOSITION

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influ\ueancia de diferentes composi\ue7\uf5es estruturais sobre as propriedades mec\ue2nicas de pain\ue9is compensados de Pinus maximinoi , Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii . Foram produzidos em laborat\uf3rio pain\ue9is compensados com sete l\ue2minas de 3,0 mm de espessura, com composi\ue7\ue3o padr\ue3o, refor\ue7o longitudinal e refor\ue7o transversal. Para a colagem de l\ue2minas foi utilizada resina fenol-formalde\ueddo com a seguinte formula\ue7\ue3o em partes por peso: resina = 100, extensor = 10 e \ue1gua = 10. A gramatura empregada foi 160 g/m\ub2 (linha simples). Os pain\ue9is foram prensados \ue0 temperatura de 150\ubaC, press\ue3o espec\uedfica de 15 kgf/cm\ub2 e tempo de prensagem de 15 minutos. Para avalia\ue7\ue3o das propriedades mec\ue2nicas foram realizados os ensaios de flex\ue3o est\ue1tica paralela e perpendicular \ue0 dire\ue7\ue3o das fibras das l\ue2minas das capas. Os pain\ue9is de Pinus maximinoi apresentaram resultados m\ue9dios superiores de MOE e MOR paralelo e perpendicular em rela\ue7\ue3o aos pain\ue9is de Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii. Os pain\ue9is produzidos com as tr\ueas esp\ue9cies estudadas apresentaram resultados satisfat\uf3rios de MOE e MOR, paralelo e perpendicular, em compara\ue7\ue3o aos pain\ue9is compensados comerciais produzidos de Pinus taeda . As inclus\uf5es de refor\ue7o longitudinal e transversal n\ue3o influenciaram significativamente nos resultados m\ue9dios de MOE e MOR paralelo. O refor\ue7o longitudinal afetou negativamente os resultados m\ue9dios de MOE e MOR perpendicular.This study was developed to evaluate the effects of different compositions of plywood of Pinus maximinoi , Pinus oocarpa e Pinus tecunumannii . Were manufactured in laboratory plywood composed by seven veneer with 3,0 mm thickness, with standard composition, longitudinal reinforced composition and transversal reinforced composition. Were used for veneer gluing the phenol- formaldehyde resin with the following formulation in parts of weight: resin = 100, extender = 10 and water = 10. The amount of glue spread was 160 g/m\ub2 (one side layer). The boards were pressed at temperature of 150\ubaC, specific pressure of 15 kgf/ cm\ub2 and press time of 15 minutes. Were realized static bending tests in the parallel and cross direction. The boards of Pinus maximinoi showed better results in MOE and MOR, parallel and cross direction in comparison to boards of Pinus oocarpa and Pinus tecunumannii. The boards made from three species showed satisfactory results of MOE and MOR, parallel and cross direction, in comparison to commercial plywood of Pinus taeda . The veneer reinforced in to parallel and cross direction not influenced significantly in the results of MOE and MOR parallel direction. The longitudinal veneer reinforced plywood affects poorly the results of MOE and MOR in the cross direction

Cardiac rehabilitation availability and characteristics in Latin America and the Caribbean: A global comparison

Background: This study aimed to establish availability and characteristics of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), where cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent. Methods: In this cross-sectional sub-analysis focusing on the 35 LAC countries, local cardiovascular societies identified CR programs globally. An online survey was administered to identified programs, assessing capacity and characteristics. CR need was computed relative to ischemic heart disease (IHD) incidence from the Global Burden of Disease study. Results: ≥1 CR program was identified in 24 LAC countries (68.5% availability; median = 3 programs/country). Data were collected in 20/24 countries (83.3%); 139/255 programs responded (54.5%), and compared to responses from 1082 programs in 111 countries. LAC density was 1 CR spot per 24 IHD patients/year (vs 18 globally). Greatest need was observed in Brazil, Dominican Republic and Mexico (all with >150,000 spots needed/year). In 62.8% (vs 37.2% globally P < .001) of CR programs, patients pay out-of-pocket for some or all of CR. CR teams were comprised of a mean of 5.0 ± 2.3 staff (vs 6.0 ± 2.8 globally; P < .001); Social workers, dietitians, kinesiologists, and nurses were significantly less common on CR teams than globally. Median number of core components offered was 8 (vs 9 globally; P < .001). Median dose of CR was 36 sessions (vs 24 globally; P < .001). Only 27 (20.9%) programs offered alternative CR models (vs 31.1% globally; P < .01). Conclusion: In LAC countries, there is very limited CR capacity in relation to need. CR dose is high, but comprehensiveness low, which could be rectified with a more multidisciplinary team.This work was supported by a research grant from York University’s Faculty of Health, Toronto, Canada, and by project number LQ1605 from the National Program of Sustainability II (MEYS CR), Czech Republic

Circadian locomotor activity rhythm in the freshwater crab Pseudothelphusa americana (De Saussure, 1857): Effect of eyestalk ablation

The circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in the freshwater crab, Pseudothelphusa americana, was studied in aquaria using infrared crossing sensors. Individuals with ablated eyestalks were compared with intact individuals in constant darkness (DD) and in light-dark cycles (LD). Our results showed that intact animals in DD displayed bimodal rhythms. In LD conditions the two peaks were associated with lights on and lights off, respectively. A significant difference in the free running periods before and after LD was observed in all intact animals. After eyestalk ablation (ES-X), the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity disappeared immediately, but reappeared several days later. Diurnal activity was seen in some ES-X animals when exposed to LD. Our results indicate that locomotor activity rhythm in P americana is driven primarily by oscillators located outside the eyestalks, and that extraretinal photoreceptors mediate either entrainment or masking effects