The Association between Lifestyle-related Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Disease in Residents of Yazd Province: A Case-control Study

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the relation between risk factors related to lifestyle and coronary artery disease (CAD) in residents of Yazd province. Methods: In this hospital-based case-control study performed in Yazd province, 250 patients with CAD were compared with 250 controls matched for age and sex. Data were collected by using a researcher- made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square and Conditional Multiple Logistic Regression and through SPSS16. Results: History of Consumption of less than three servings of fruit in week, with an odds ratio of 8.4 (95%CI: 1.56-45.18) and more than three times egg in week with an odds ratio of 4.05 (95%CI: 1.13-14.5, P=0.03) increased the chance of getting CAD. However, no significant relationship was found for history of consumption of oil, dairy, red meat, fried foods and fast foods. The number of daily smoked cigarettes was the only non-nutritional factor that showed significant relationship with CAD (P=0.01). Conclusion: Overall, insufficient intake of fruits, high consumption of egg and the number of cigarettes smoked daily were identified as the most important life style-related risk factors for getting CAD. Therefore, measures for decreasing these risk factors in Yazd Province are necessary

Relationship of pupils' quality of life and academic achievement with the employment status of their mothers

Objective: One of the most important environmental factors affecting academic achievement and performance is the family especially mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and the academic achievement of pupils with the employment status of their mothers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 9th-grade students in Shiraz. A sample of 400 individuals was selected through a multi-stage sampling method from among the 9th-grade students and a questionnaire on academic achievement and quality of life was completed for them. Then data was entered into spss23 software and analyzed. The value of P <0.05 was considered a significant statistical level. Results: there was no significant difference between students who have employed and Housewife mothers about the student's academic achievements ant QOL score (P>0.05). According to the results of multivariate analysis, none of the variables was a significant predictor of the QOL and academic achievement in the students. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is not a significant association between the quality of life and academic achievement of students with their mothers' occupatio

Mental Health Status (Depression, Anxiety and Stress) of Employed and Unemployed Women in Yazd, Iran, 2015

Background: Women are one of the sensitive groups that in comparison to men are at higher risk of mental disorders. Women's mental health has a close relation with family and community health. This study was performed to determine the mental health status (depression, anxiety and stress) of employed women and housewives in Yazd City in 2015. Methods: This cross - sectional study was conducted on 120 employed women and 120 housewives visiting health centers in Yazd in 2014. Data were collected through random sampling and by using a questionnaire including demographic information and the DASS-21 questionnaire. Data analysis was performed through SPSS16 software and using t-test and ANOVA. Results: The mean scores of depression and anxiety were significantly lower in employed compared to unemployed women (P<0.001). Among employed women, those in the private sectors had the highest stress and anxiety and workers had the highest depression. Furthermore, physical activity and educational level showed significant inverse correlations with mean scores of depression, anxiety and stress. In terms of marital status, divorced women had the highest rates of depression and anxiety and single women had the highest stress. Conclusion: Results of this study showed higher levels of depression and anxiety in unemployed compared to employed women. Effective interventions for reducing depression and anxiety in housewives are suggested

Intelligent consumption management of residential buildings with the help of energy hub in the presence of multiple energy carriers

In the upcoming research, the issue of consumption and energy management in residential buildings has been discussed using the energy hub system. The purpose of using energy hub is the simultaneous and optimal use of several energy carriers for the appropriate, reliable and economical supply of consumer needs while complying with the conditions of satisfaction and comfort of the residents. The optimization problem in this study is formulated as mixed integer linear programming. In order to solve the optimization problem of the optimization problem, Gam’s software has been used. During the implementation of problem solving, the effect of three conventional pricing models, including hourly, time of use and instant pricing, was investigated in Iran, and part of the results are presented in the form of tables and graphs. In all cases, the possibility of selling jointly produced electricity to the grid is included; Therefore, it is possible to pay more attention to the energy hub technology even in the climatic conditions and pricing policies of Iran, and by creating a suitable investment environment, especially in large residential complexes and building blocks, to increase security. Energy, reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and expanding the use of various energy sources in different regions helped

Ternary genetic algorithm for load dynamic balancing in low voltage three-phase 400 V networks

In three-phase low voltage networks, the random behavior of single-phase loads and also their placement in different parts of single-phase feeders, leads to load imbalance in these networks. Unbalanced load causes losses and voltage drop in three-phase feeders. In this paper, using a different proposed approach based on genetic algorithm, N loads are spread over the grid phases so that the minimum current difference between the phases is formed and the ground current approaches zero. The proposed method is compared with the random load distribution method and the results are analyzed. Among the most important results obtained, we can point out the difference in the calculation time of the two methods by reaching an optimal value, and the calculation speed of the proposed method is significantly better. The proposed method can be an effective tool for dividing the load on different phases of the network in order to prevent imbalance

Presenting a fuzzy multi-objective hybrid evolutionary approach for dynamic reconfiguration of distribution feeders in the presence of distributed generation units and electric vehicles

The presence of electric vehicle technology in distribution networks as controllable resources provides advantages such as voltage regulation, power peaking, and loss reduction. This technology has a positive effect on the performance of the distribution network, but the simultaneous presence of electric vehicles and distributed generation sources requires optimal planning because the lack of access to an application reduces the life of these technologies and can cause blackouts in the power network. Therefore, in this study, the dynamic reconfiguration of the distribution network in the simultaneous presence of distributed generation sources and electric vehicles is proposed. Also, the time-of-use mechanism has been proposed as one of the demand response applications to improve the power consumption of subscribers. The objective functions in this study include the reduction of energy loss, operational cost and energy not supplied as the objective function of reliability. In general, the optimization problem of distribution network reconfiguration is complex and non-convex. Also, considering the effect of distributed generation units and electric vehicles makes the problem more complicated than before. Therefore, finding a practical method to solve the optimization problem is one of the main challenges of this paper. For this purpose, a novel hybrid algorithm based on a combination of an improved particle swarm optimization-artificial bee colony is presented to overcome the complexities of the optimization problem. The proposed method ha

Occupations and the Risk of Bladder Cancer in Yazd Province: A Case-Control Study

Background: Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract, with known occupational causes. The most effective way to prevent occupational cancers of the urinary tract is to prevent exposure to known carcinogens. Objective: To examine the relationship between occupation and the risk of bladder cancer. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 200 patients with bladder cancer and 200 healthy individuals in Yazd. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on interviews with patients and controls. Results: The mean age of cases and controls were 61.5 (SD 13.6) and 61.5 (13.3) years, respectively. Level of education, type of occupation, family history of bladder cancer in the first-degree relatives, and history of chronic and recurrent urinary tract infection, kidney and bladder stones, and using hair dye, were considered the main predictors for bladder cancer. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between cases and controls in terms of type of occupation. The risk of bladder cancer was higher among those working in high-risk occupations—metal working, textile, driving, farming, and construction

Designing the Spiritual Care Training Courses for Healthcare Staff

Background: Admission to a hospital increases individuals' vulnerability and consequent requirements for religion and/or spirituality. Religion and spirituality are two relevant but inequivalent concepts. Religion consists of a set of beliefs, rituals, and affairs that usually characterize a community's faith in a sacred power. The purpose of this research is to design the title and objectives of the spiritual care course for service providers. Methods: This research was a mixed exploratory study (qualitative and quantitative) with text analysis and descriptive-analytical methods. First, the review of similar texts and sources published between 2012 and 2023, and after classifying and analyzing them, the final components and titles of spiritual care courses, including 32 components, are available to experts and experts for valid review and evaluation. The statistical community at this stage includes all medics, nurses, clergy, managers, and carers in the field of spiritual health in the country, and 13 people were selected by purposive sampling to reach the Theoretical saturation stage. By examining and revising the components by experts and specialists, the final components and titles of spiritual care courses were designed as 8 goals and 4 titles. To validate the components extracted from Lavshe's method (to convert qualitative to quantitative judgment) two quantitative validity indices (CVI) and validity ratio (CVR) were used. Results: The minimum and maximum acceptable values ​​were 0.80 in the CVR index and 0.77 in the CVI index. The research findings showed that out of 8 objectives, 7 goals, and 4 titles, all the proposed titles are approved and valid. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the designed titles and goals of spiritual care can be used as a guide for developing spiritual care training courses in medical centers and hospitals

The efficacy of the diet therapy based on Traditional Persian Medicine on blood glucose and lipid profile in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. There are several therapeutic strategies that are obtainable in the viewpoint of Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) knowledge ranging from changes in lifestyle to pharmacological remedies. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the TPM based nutritional recommendations on blood glucose and lipid profile in patients with type 2 DM. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, we divided 54 participants with type 2 DM into two groups. The intervention group received a three months TPM based nutritional style, and the control group had the routine care from their health care providers. The fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as primary outcome measures and triglyceride and total cholesterol as secondary outcome measures were determined for this study at the baseline and three months after the intervention in both groups. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in fasting blood glucose (165.48±30.18 versus 203.92±42.66 p=0.001), HbA1c (7.57±0.51 versus 8.05±0.82 p=0.000), triglyceride (154.91±50.52 versus 197.40±71.87 p=0.000), and total cholesterol (167.79±28.87 versus 184.76±38.36 p=0.006) respectively in the intervention group compared to control group after study. Conclusion: TPM based nutritional recommendations as an affordable free and accessible approach could be introduced as a non-pharmacological strategy for the control of blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic patients. </p

Development and multi-cohort validation of a clinical score for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Many countries lack resources to identify patients at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes). We aimed to develop and validate a diabetes risk score based on easily accessible clinical data. METHODS: Prospective study including 5277 participants (55.0% women, 51.8±10.5 years) free of diabetes at baseline. Comparison with two other published diabetes risk scores (Balkau and Kahn clinical, respectively 5 and 8 variables) and validation on three cohorts (Europe, Iran and Mexico) was performed. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 10.9 years, 405 participants (7.7%) developed diabetes. Our score was based on age, gender, waist circumference, diabetes family history, hypertension and physical activity. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.772 for our score, vs. 0.748 (p<0.001) and 0.774 (p = 0.668) for the other two. Using a 13-point threshold, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (95% CI) of our score were 60.5 (55.5-65.3), 77.1 (75.8-78.2), 18.0 (16.0-20.1) and 95.9 (95.2-96.5) percent, respectively. Our score performed equally well or better than the other two in the Iranian [AUC 0.542 vs. 0.564 (p = 0.476) and 0.513 (p = 0.300)] and Mexican [AUC 0.791 vs. 0.672 (p<0.001) and 0.778 (p = 0.575)] cohorts. In the European cohort, it performed similarly to the Balkau score but worse than the Kahn clinical [AUC 0.788 vs. 0.793 (p = 0.091) and 0.816 (p<0.001)]. Diagnostic capacity of our score was better than the Balkau score and comparable to the Kahn clinical one. CONCLUSION: Our clinically-based score shows encouraging results compared to other scores and can be used in populations with differing diabetes prevalence