Pour andrinople ottomane

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya Adı: Pierre Lotiİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Les Allies qu'il nous foudrait

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya Adı: Pierre Lotiİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

A study on the utilisation of small-scale hydropower for rural electrification in Malawi

This study explores the potential of utilising small-scale hydropower as an alternative source of rural electrification in Malawi. Approximately 7.5% of the country's population has access to electricity. In rural areas, the electricity access rate is 0.8%. A number of factors such as the cost of infrastructure, dispersed nature of the population, low consumption and poor load factors have prevented the majority of the rural population from getting connected to the national electricity grid. The study seeks to answer a key question such as ''what is the potential of utilising smallscale hydropower to increase the lectrification level and reduce green house emissions in Malawi?" An ex ante study has been conducted in Nkolokosa village, to estimate the energy consumption, income levels and willingness to pay. Using the relationship between number of households in that village and estimated peak demand, a regression model to forecast future electricity demands has been derived. The capital cost of such a rural electrification project, unit cost of generation, and unit cost of electricity to the user are analysed. Emission reductions for green house gases have been estimated. A preliminary economic analysis of the cost of supplying power to the village has been presented. The study results indicate that small-scale hydropower would be a favourable option. The results show that providing 85kWh/year of electricity per household increases the national electrification level by 2.3%. About 230,000 people in rural areas would have access to electricity. A typical 40 kW small-scale hydropower plant would serve about 110 households. This corresponds to about one fifth of total number of households found in a typical village in Malawi. The specific construction cost per kW is MWK 2,216,992.86 (US$15,835.66). The net present value was found to be MWK 4,490,389.08 with an 8% discount rate, and the economic rate of return (EIRR) was 5.98%. The benefit cost ratio was 6.25. The break- even tariff is MWK 44.80 per kWh. The average willingness to pay is MWK 5.58/kWh. The project would deliver 192,337 kWh/year of electricity and result in avoided emissions of 59.62 tons CO2/year. The results show that significant increase in electrification using small-scale hydropower alone is not achievable. However, the evaluation seems quite promising and, with some refined costing at each potential site, small-scale hydropower projects should be implemented

Positive Relationships: do Student Teachers have what it takes? Analysis of Germany and Tanzania

Positive teacher-student relationship (TSR) is fundamental for a student’s learning and development. TSR does determine a student’s engagement, adaptation to change and motivation to learn. Teachers are the primary architects in determining the extent to which positive relationships are realized in classrooms and schools. This study examined student teachers’ knowledge of positive TSRs and their perceptions of the role of TSRs in students’ learning and development. Study compared student teachers in Germany and Tanzania. It employed the Mixed Methods Research approach and utilised both the theoretical and statistical logic in data collection, sampling and data analysis. Data analysis and presentation employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. Findings have indicated that despite the positive change in relational knowledge, final year student teachers have inadequate knowledge of basic concepts and procedures of TSRs. In comparison, student-teachers in Germany demonstrate a statistically significant higher knowledge levels both in quantitative and qualitative terms than their Tanzanian counterparts. The study recommends for an introduction of a module on TSRs in the initial years of teacher education (within pedagogical courses) in order to provide knowledge and skills about positive teacher-student relationships

Slovenia

Country report on professional recognition of music therapy

Fog Computing over Challenged Networks: a Real Case Evaluation

Fog computing enables a multitude of resource-constrained end devices (e.g., sensors and actuators) to benefit from the presence of fog nodes in their close vicinity, which can provide the required computing and storage facilities instead of relying on a distant Cloud infrastructure. However, guaranteeing stable communication between end devices and fog nodes is often not trivial. Indeed, in some application scenarios such as mining operations, building sites, precision agriculture, and more, communication occurs over Challenged Networks e.g., because of the absence of a fixed and reliable network infrastructure. This paper analyzes the applicability of Fog Computing in a real Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environment, providing an architecture that enables disruption-tolerant communication over Challenged Networks and evaluating the achieved performance on an open-source prototype implementation