Identification and Characterization of Six Spectroscopically Confirmed Massive Protostructures at 2.5<z<4.52.5<z<4.5

We present six spectroscopically confirmed massive protostructures, spanning a redshift range of $2.5<z<4.5$ in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS) field discovered as part of the Charting Cluster Construction in VUDS and ORELSE (C3VO) survey. We identify and characterize these remarkable systems by applying an overdensity measurement technique on an extensive data compilation of public and proprietary spectroscopic and photometric observations in this highly studied extragalactic field. Each of these six protostructures, i.e., a large scale overdensity (volume $>9000$\thinspace cMpc$^3$) of more than $2.5\sigma_{\delta}$ above the field density levels at these redshifts, have a total mass $M_{tot}\ge10^{14.8}M_\odot$ and one or more highly overdense (overdensity$\thinspace>5\sigma_{\delta}$) peaks. One of the most complex protostructures discovered is a massive ($M_{tot}=10^{15.1}M_\odot$) system at $z\sim3.47$ that contains six peaks and 55 spectroscopic members. We also discover protostructures at $z\sim3.30$ and $z\sim3.70$ that appear to at least partially overlap on sky with the protostructure at $z\sim3.47$, suggesting a possible connection. We additionally report on the discovery of three massive protostructures at $z=2.67$, 2.80, and 4.14 and discuss their properties. Finally, we discuss the relationship between star formation rate and environment in the richest of these protostructures, finding an enhancement of star formation activity in the densest regions. The diversity of the protostructures reported here provide an opportunity to study the complex effects of dense environments on galaxy evolution over a large redshift range in the early universe.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Neonatal Outcomes In Women With Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes At Periviable Gestational Age

Abstract Purpose: To examine the outcomes of preterm infants born to women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at periviable gestational age.Methods: This is a retrospective study analyzing data on singleton deliveries complicated by prolonged premature rupture of membranes occurring before 24 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcomes including birth weight, Apgar score, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, hearing impairment and mortality were evaluated.Results: Ninety four preterm infants who were born after a prolonged premature rupture of membranes of at least 7 days were included in the study.Median gestational week at onset of membrane rupture was 27.1 ± 4.2 weeks (range 17 - 33) and median latency period in days was 16 ± 21.8 (range 7 - 105). We found that the survival rate to discharge within neonates born after prolonged rupture of membrane at gestational week less than 24 weeks is 79.2%. These neonates did not show an increased rate of major morbidities compared to neonates born following membrane rupture at gestational week 24 to 27. Conclusion: We described a high survival rate without major morbidities following prolonged preterm membrane rupture before viability.</jats:p

Neonatal outcomes in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at periviable gestational age

AbstractTo examine the outcomes of preterm infants born to women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at periviable gestational age. This is an observational retrospective cohort study analyzing data collected on singleton deliveries complicated by prolonged premature rupture of membranes occurring between 17 and 33 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcomes including birth weight, Apgar score, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, hearing impairment and mortality were evaluated. Ninety-four preterm infants who were born after a prolonged premature rupture of membranes of at least 7 days were included in the study. Median gestational week at onset of membrane rupture was 27.1 ± 4.2 weeks (range 17–33) and median latency period in days was 16 ± 21.8 (range 7–105). The cohort was stratified by gestational week (GW) at onset of PPROM (group 1: 17–23, group 2: 24–27, and group 3: 28–33). We found that the survival rate to discharge within neonates born after prolonged rupture of membrane at gestational week less than 24 weeks is 79.2% and 88.9% in group 2. These neonates did not show an increased rate of major morbidities compared to neonates born following membrane rupture at gestational week 24 to 27. We described a high survival rate to discharge without major morbidities following prolonged preterm membrane rupture of at least 7 days of latency before viability.</jats:p

Abstract P068: Dietary Acculturation in Two Ethnic Populations Has a Differential Impact on Diet Quality

Introduction: The indigenous Arab minority population in Israel has higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than the Jewish immigrant population. Differences in dietary intake may underlie some of these health disparities. We tested the hypothesis that dietary patterns differ by ethnicity. Methods: A population-based, random sample (n=1,100) was selected, stratified by sex, ethnicity, and age (25–74 years). A food frequency questionnaire with 240 food items, including ethnic foods, was used to assess dietary intake and dietary change during adulthood. Food items were collapsed into 51 groups and entered into principle component analysis to identify dietary patterns. Multivariate regression models were fitted to assess the association between participant characteristics and the dietary patterns. Results: Of 4 dietary patterns identified (Traditional Arabic, Healthy, Animal Protein, and Snack/Fast Food), the Traditional Arabic and Healthy patterns were the most dominant. The Traditional Arabic pattern included high intakes of “Mediterranean diet” components (e.g., olive oil, dairy products, whole grains, legumes, vegetables), as well as less healthy foods (e.g., refined-flour pita bread, meat dishes). Participants with a low score on this pattern had a high intake of starchy, high-fat, and sweet foods. The highest and lowest intake tertiles of this pattern were virtually mono-ethnic (98% Arab, and 98% Jewish, respectively), while the middle tertile was ethnically mixed. Arabs in the middle/lowest tertiles were younger (OR for 10y age increment: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59–0.84), male (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.38–2.95), and had made non-health related dietary change (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.53–3.77). In contrast, Jews in the middle/highest tertiles had made health-related dietary change (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.27–3.36). The Healthy pattern included a high intake of foods typically found in healthy Western dietary patterns (e.g., vegetables, fruit, low-fat dairy products, whole grains). Arabs had lower odds than Jews of being in the top tertile of the Healthy pattern among never-smokers (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.07–0.21) and current smokers (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.07–0.37); however the strength of this association diminished among past smokers (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.20–1.04). Conclusions: Jews are more likely than Arabs to have classic Western healthy eating patterns, and those who have undergone some dietary acculturation have done so for health-related reasons. The indigenous Mediterranean-style diet of Arabs has deteriorated, and adoption of foods of the immigrant population did not improve the health properties of their diet. These dietary characteristics may place Arabs at higher risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. </jats:p

Searching for environmental effects on galaxy kinematics in groups and clusters at z ∼ 1 from the ORELSE survey

40 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables in the main text + appendix, published in MNRASInternational audienceWe present an investigation of the dependence of galaxy kinematics on the environment for a sample of 94 star-forming galaxies at $z\sim0.9$ from the ORELSE survey. ORELSE is a large photometric and spectroscopic campaign dedicated to mapping out and characterizing galaxy properties across a full range of environments in 15 fields containing large-scale structures (LSSs) in a redshift range of $0.6 < z < 1.3$. We constrained the rotation velocity for our kinematic sample in an ORELSE field, containing the SC1604 supercluster, by fitting high-resolution semi-analytical models to the data. We constructed the stellar-mass/B-band Tully-Fisher relation and found no dependence of the intrinsic scatter on both local and global environment. Moreover, we compared the stellar-to-dynamical mass ratio ($M_\ast/M_{dyn}$) of SC1604 galaxies to those residing in less dense local environment by leveraging data from the HR-COSMOS sample. We found that, at fixed stellar mass, SC1604 galaxies have $\sim30\%$ smaller dynamical masses on average. By comparing the distributions of the galaxy parameters that define $M_{dyn}$ (i.e., circular velocity and the characteristic radius $r_{2.2}$) between SC1604 and HR-COSMOS, we found that smaller dynamical masses are mostly caused by smaller $r_{2.2}$ for SC1604 galaxies. We also observed that SC1604 galaxies in general show $\sim20\%$ lower stellar specific angular momentum ($j_\ast$) with respect to the HR-COSMOS sample. Adopting literature estimates for (1) the excess rate of galaxy-galaxy mergers in intermediate/high-density environments and (2) the average amount of $j_\ast$ loss per merger event, we investigated the possibility that galaxy mergers are mainly responsible for the loss of angular momentum in higher density environments