Review of selected areas of research on the Caribbean subregion in the 2000s: identifying the main gaps

Includes bibliographyThis study has been prepared to assist the French Development Agency (AFD), as part of the implementation of its Framework for Action Regional Caribbean, to identify the main development issues of the Caribbean region and areas of future research. The study focuses on the state of the research in the Caribbean region and proposes areas for future collaboration between the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the AFD. The areas of enquiry cover economic, social and cultural, environmental and international relations, with an emphasis on public policy. The study also presents the key institutions driving the research and the main outcomes of the publications. It also identifies, subject by subject, the main research gaps which emerge despite the considerable body of research done in the region. Caribbean countries have many similarities such as their relatively small size and high vulnerability to external shocks and environmental disasters, however, beneath these similarities can be found different approaches to growth and development. In terms of coverage, this study focuses principally on the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) member States as well as the CARICOM countries plus the Dominican Republic (CARIFORUM), the associate CARICOM member States, the Caribbean observer members and countries of the French Caribbean territories

Talking and Thinking about Animal and Artifact Kinds Via Different Types of Generics

Generic statements are expressions that talk about kinds or categories and there are several forms. Through the use of surveys, this study examined the way native English speakers talk and think about novel animal kinds and artifacts using two forms: the definite singular form and the bare plural form

Creative industries in the Caribbean: a new road for diversification and export growth

Includes bibliographyCreative industries have become a new engine of growth and development in the world economy. This dynamic sector, which ranges from traditional arts to multimedia, has been an important driver of innovation and productivity growth. The present study argues that the creative industries can become a pillar for economic diversification and export growth in the Caribbean. The study adds to the developing literature on the creative sector by evaluating export performance in the context of constraints as well as opportunities. The Caribbean creative sector possesses a number of advantages that are recommendation for development. The creative industries allow the leverage of the abundant talent and skill of Caribbean people and domestic capital to produce competitive products and services. In addition, the sector is comparatively labour intensive and can, therefore, help to alleviate the chronic unemployment problem in the Caribbean. Nevertheless, the study indicates that Caribbean countries have been underperforming in most segments of the creative industries, even when benchmarked against other developing countries of similar size and level of development. This is reflected in small and stagnant market shares, both in regional and international trade, in most segments of the sector. Weak trade performance is determined by a number of binding constraints faced by the creative industries

Inflation and the variability of relative prices in the Caribbean: evidence from panel threshold models

Includes bibliographyThis paper examines the impact of inflation and its variability for eight Caribbean countries; Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The paper goes beyond the standard approach to examine the variability of relative prices (VRP) within the context of a threshold effects framework, since it was recognized that whether inflation was low or very high was significant in determining its impact on an economy. The paper employed a panel threshold effects model to capture the non-linear nature of the relationship, which exists between inflation and its variability. The findings are that inflation variability is high at both low and high rates of inflation and that inflation targeting could have an upper-bound of at most 10% for the Caribbean. It was also found that such variability could even exist in a low inflation environment, which added to inflation uncertainty. Of course this conclusion is subject to the fact that there is considerable variation in inflation rates among countries in the Caribbean subregion and therefore policies to address inflation would have to be country specific

Consumer confidence and economic growth: case studies of Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago

Includes bibliographyThis study examined the causal link between consumer confidence and GDP in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago in the context of the vector autoregression (VAR) methodology. The interest rate and exchange rate were also included in the model as control variables. In the case of Jamaica, remittances were included due to its importance in the economy. The study argued that consumer confidence indices can be useful in economic forecasting, policymaking and business planning in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. This usefulness is, however, built on the assumption that the index leads (or causes) aggregate economic conditions

The relationship between fiscal and current account balances in the Caribbean

Includes bibliographyThe global economic recession which affected most of the Caribbean would have been less severe if policymakers were in a position to sustain fiscal stimulus packages for a longer duration. This paper argues that while the crisis aggravated the debt and fiscal situation, the negative fiscal and current account balances reflected long standing issues related to declining competitiveness. To address the challenging fiscal situation, a number of countries are pursuing fiscal consolidation programmes, many of which imply expenditure cuts and revenue increases. Implicit in such programmes is that the current account deficits are due to fiscal deficits and, consequently, in some countries fiscal responsibility laws are being enacted. To address the question as to whether the current account balances cause the fiscal balance or vice versa, Granger causality tests were employed. In addition, the proportion of the variance due to the shock from one variable to another is examined using a vector autoregressive moving average (VARMA) framework. The analysis was carried out for Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaiaca, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago for the period 1980-2010

Economic Survey of the Caribbean 2010-2011: improving economic prospects amid global recovery

Includes bibliographyThis survey provides an overview of the economic performance of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, together with the eight member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries for 2010 and their outlook for 2011. The first section is a summary of the main issues raised in the report including an assessment of the economic prospects for 2011. Chapter II analyses the impact of the global economy on the subregion then provides a comparative analysis of the GDP and sectoral growth performance. This is followed by the subsection on fiscal policy and the public debt. The next subsections focuses on monetary and financial policies, policies implemented to cope with the global crisis, the balance of payments and economic prospects for 2011 and recommendations. Chapter III presents country briefs for the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, together with a subregional assessment of the eight member countries of the ECCU. A statistical appendix is also added to support the subregional analysis and country briefs

TRANSFORMATION OF ASPHALTENES THROUGH OXIDATION AND THERMAL MECHANISMS

Abstract not availabl

APLIKASI TUSEN KLEP BERPELAMPUNG DALAM RANCANG BANGUN KERAN OTOMATIS PADA TANGKI AIR PRIMER

Penelitian dengan judul Aplikasi Tusen Klep Berpelampung dalam Rancang Bangun Keran Air Otomatis pada Tangki Air Primer dibuat untuk memperbaiki kelemahan luaran penelitian serupa pada tahun 2021. Tujuan dilaksanakan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh alat pengontrolan tinggi muka air dalam Tadaon yang dapat bekerja secara otomatis dengan kualitas baik. Manfaat penelitian ini diharapakan dapat meningkatkan penghematan pemanfaatan air domestik. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk eksperimen dengan metode trial and error. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan pada saat uji laboratorium lapangan terbatas. Analisis data menggunakan statistik kualitatatif. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan buka dan tutup dari katup sub sistem alat yang digunakan belangsung dengan baik. Tidak terjadi kebocoran air pada saat katup tertutup. Kuntroksi alat relatif kecil. Pemasangan alat pada tandon dapat dilakukan secara mudah. Disimpulkan, luaran penelitian ini memiliki kualitas baik dan layak diaplikasikan pada konsumen sebagai proses uji coba terbatas