Behavioral Regulation Sport Questionnaire: Gender and Sport Invariance in Portuguese Athletes

Versão depositada: post-printThis study aimed to analyze measurement invariance of the Behavioral Regulation Sports Questionnaire (BRSQ) across the gender and four different sports. In addition, we examined nomological validity via basic psychological needs satisfaction. Participants totaled 1,812 Portuguese athletes (1,220 males and 592 females; aged 15–59 years, Mage ¼ 17.72, SD ¼ 5.51) from football (n ¼ 596), basketball (n ¼ 273), swimming (n ¼ 800), and parasport (n ¼ 143). The BRSQ measurement model was invariant across the gender and these four sports. The scale confirmed nomological validity in that satisfaction of the basic psychological needs positively predicted autonomous forms of motivation and negatively predicted more controlled motivation and amotivation as suggested by self-determination theory. In light of this evidence for BRSQ construct validity, composite reliability, nomological validity, and invariance across the gender and four different sports, this scale is a useful tool for the coaches of the aforementioned sports in their efforts to evaluate their athletes’ motivation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Considerações sobre a literatura e o seu ensino: Contextos e perspetivas

O presente trabalho apresenta concepções acerca da literatura e do seu ensino, a partir de vários autores, refletindo sobre as convergências e as interfaces dessas abordagens. A partir dessas reflexões, e diante da importância da leitura para o mundo contemporâneo, tece considerações sobre o ensino de literatura na escola, alguns de seus desafios e considera perspectivas que podem proporcionar a formação de leitores na escola através de um ensino de literatura mais dinâmico e emancipador.The present work presents conceptions about the literature and its teaching, from several authors, reflecting on the convergences and the interfaces of these approaches. From these reflections, and given the importance of reading to the contemporary world, he makes considerations about the teaching of literature in school, some of his challenges and considers perspectives that can provide the formation of readers in the school through a more dynamic and emancipator literature teaching.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The relationship between phylogeny and ontogeny in the development of infant laterality

A lateralidade humana tem sido concebida como sendo predominantemente o resultado de fatores filogenéticos do desenvolvimento humano, enquanto que apenas importância secundária tem sido atribuída à interação indivíduo-ambiente. Neste estudo é apresentada uma revisão crítica da literatura com indicadores da influência de fatores filo e ontogenéticos no desenvolvimento da lateralidade, com particular ênfase aos primeiros anos de vida. A partir dos resultados discutidos, propomos que a lateralidade humana é um processo dinâmico, com efeitos marcantes das experiências sensório-motoras lateralizadas sobre a preferência manual e assimetrias interlaterais de desempenho motor.Human laterality has been conceived as resulting, predominantly, from phylogenetic factors in human development, whereas individual-environment interaction is thought to play only a minor role. This study aims at presenting a critical review of literature showing evidence of the effect of phylogenetic and ontogenetic factors on the development of laterality, with particular emphasis on the first years of life. From the results presented, we propose that human laterality is a dynamic process, with sharp effects of lateralized sensorimotor experiences over manual preference and interlateral asymmetry of motor performance.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Evolución de las actitudes de alumnos ante el aprendizaje del inglés mediante el uso de la pizarra digital interactiva

We begin to be aware of the huge change our education has experimented recently as a consequence of the use of some technological resources so common nowadays. This situation has created new teaching-learning processes and roles, causing new pupils’ attitudes toward those subjects that are taught. The present work focuses on the attitudinal changes that several pupils from a school of Badajoz experiment when the Interactive Digital Whiteboard is taken into the English classroom and used as part of an experimental process, developed in three sessions, with different activities such as vocabulary games or recipes. An attitude scale based on the Osgood’s Semantic Differential has been developed in order to adapt it to our sample (8 years old). The results we get from the pretest-postest show an improvement of those pupils’ attitudes toward English, so we can somehow relate the use of this technological tool and a higher interest for the subject studied.Desde hace unos años la educación está experimentando grandes cambios, en gran parte debido a la incorporación de recursos o herramientas tecnológicas presentes en nuestro mundo actual. Esto, sin duda, ha generado cambios en los procesos de enseñanzaaprendizaje, promoviendo, como consecuencia, nuevas actitudes de los alumnos ante las materias. Este trabajo aborda los cambios actitudinales de un grupo de alumnos de un centro educativo de la provincia de Badajoz al introducir la Pizarra Digital Interactiva en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa durante un periodo de tres sesiones, en las que se han desarrollado diferentes actividades. Para la evaluación de estos cambios se ha utilizado una escala de actitudes según el modelo de Diferencial Semántico de Osgood, Succi y Tannenbaum (1957), adaptada a la edad de los alumnos de la muestra, ocho años. Los datos obtenidos, mediante un contraste pretest-postest, muestran una mejoría de las actitudes de dichos alumnos hacia dicha materia, por lo que podemos vincular el uso de este recurso tecnológico con un mayor interés por ella

Ejercicio físico y estilo de vida sedentario: consecuencias para la salud

Perhaps the greatest barriers for achieving major advances in public health in the twenty-first century result from the paralysis of the pandemic paradigm or from the widespread inability to envision alternative or new models of thought. Human movement represents a complex behavior that is influenced by personal motivation, health and mobility problems, genetic factors, and social and physical environments in which people live. These factors influence the propensity to engage in sedentary behaviors or in physical activity. However, the biological, social, and environmental pathways leading to sedentary behavior versus physical activity may be different. In addition, the health effects associated with sedentary behavior and physical activity may be the result of different biological mechanisms. Thus, our objective was to discuss the importance of physical exercise on health-related outcomes and the consequences of sedentary lifestyles. Research on sedentary behavior has been growing;however, the evidence for its determinants is relatively sparse. More studies are needed to obtain more conclusive results because it is fundamental to understand these complex relationships related to the practice and the acquisition of active and healthy lifestyles as opposed to a sedentary lifestyle.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The teaching of literature in Brazil: challenges to overcome in pursuit of more efficient practices

O ensino de literatura no Brasil tem enfrentado dificuldades para ocorrer de forma mais eficiente, com vistas não só a alcançar os objetivos do currículo escolar, mas principalmente para formar leitores e difundir o gosto pela leitura. Nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta e discute alguns desafios mais importantes e frequentes no contexto brasileiro do ensino de literatura, relativos à formação docente, aos equívocos na prática pedagógica, à centralidade do estudante no processo de leitura e à seleção de textos literários, com o escopo de apontar possíveis caminhos para um ensino de literatura que alcance seus objetivos de maneira mais profícuaThe teaching of literature in Brazil has faced difficulties to take place more efficiently, with a view not only to reaching the curriculum objectives, but mainly to training readers and spreading the enjoyment in reading. This article presents and discusses some of the most important and frequent challenges in the Brazilian context of literature teaching when it comes to teacher education, misunderstandings in pedagogical practice, student centrality in the reading process and selection of literary texts. The aim is to point out possible avenues for a literature teaching that reaches its objectives more efficientlyCIED - UMinhoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Physicochemical characteristics of organic honey samples of africanized honeybees from Paraná River islands.

This research was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical composition of organic honey in Paraná River islands, in Porto Brasílio, State of Paraná. Honey was harvested directly from super of the colonies in three apiaries spread in the Floresta and Laranjeira Islands, from August 2005 to August 2006. Twenty-four samples of organic honey produced by Africanized honeybees were evaluated. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, acidity, formol index, hydroxymethylfurfural, ashes, color, electric conductivity and moisture. Three replications per sample were performed for laboratorial analysis, giving the means and standard deviation. Most honey samples were in conformity with the Normative Instruction 11 from October 20, 2000. However, 4.17% were not in accordance with the moisture standards, 8.33% showed high concentrations of hydroxymethylfurfural, thus, totalizing 12.50% of non-complying samples. Nevertheless, 87.50% of the analyzed honey samples are within the standards, being characterized as an organic product of excellent quality, with good commercialization perspectives in the market

Obtención y caracterización de óxido de titanio dopado con nitrógeno como fotocatalizador por el método de Pechini para uso en reactor solar (CPC)

En el presente trabajo se llevó a cabo la síntesis de dióxido de titanio (TiO2) dopado con nitrógeno a través del método de Pechini empleando dos fuentes dopantes de diferente naturaleza: nitrato de amonio y urea. Para ello se sintetizaron nueve muestras, empleando diferentes proporciones de dopaje para cada una; entre ellas una muestra sin dopar y dopajes de 0,1; 0,4; 0,6 y 0,8 de fracción molar en nitrógeno para cada fuente empleada, con la fórmula TiO2-xNx. En la caracterización del polvo obtenido fueron realizados análisis de difracción de rayos X (DRX), espectroscopia infrarroja (IR), espectroscopia UV, análisis de área superficial (BET), espectroscopia de reflectancia difusa (DRS) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) con EDS. Así mismo se realizaron varios ensayos degradativos del colorante verde de malaquita a soluciones con concentraciones entre 6 y 8 mg/L en presencia de un reactor de luz visible con un tiempo de duración de 200 minutos por ensayo. Las muestras que no presentaron un patrón de difracción puro fueron sometidas a un proceso de purificación con agua desionizada para la remoción de impurezas. Este proceso fue verificado posteriormente mediante un nuevo análisis de difracción de rayos X. Las muestras sintetizadas a partir de urea presentaron una disminución de 0,03 eV en su bandgap, lo que sugiere la ausencia de un dopaje efectivo, ya que los porcentajes de degradación fueron inferiores a los exhibidos en la degradación del colorante mismo. Las muestras sintetizadas a partir de nitrato presentaron mejores características y rendimientos de acuerdo con los resultados de los análisis realizados, presentando un porcentaje de degradación de 87,37%, un área superficial de 17,309 m2/g y, una fase cristalina pura de rutilo luego del proceso de purificación y superficies granulares y accidentadas.This work carried out the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) doped with nitrogen through the Pechini method using two different kinds of doping sources: ammonium nitrate and urea. Nine samples were synthesized using different proportions of each doping source; including a sample without doping and doping of 0.1; 0.4; 0.6 and 0.8 in mole fraction of nitrogen for each source, with the formula TiO2-xNx. The characterization of the powder were used analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), UV spectroscopy, analysis of surface area (BET), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS. Likewise, several degradative assays of malachite green solutions were made with concentrations between 6 and 8 mg/L in a reactor of visible light with a time of 200 minutes per test. Samples which had not a pure diffraction pattern were selected for a purification process with deionized water to remove its impurities. This process was subsequently verified through another analysis of X-ray diffraction. The samples synthesized from urea reduced its bandgap in 0.03 eV, suggesting the absence of an effective doping, because the degradation percentages were lower than the exhibited in the dye degradation without any powder. The samples synthesized from nitrate showed better characteristics and yields according to the results of the analyzes performed, showing a percentage degradation of 87.37%, a surface area of 17,309 m2/g, a pure rutile crystalline phase after purification process and a granular and uneven surface