Study of new procedures of elaboration of alkalitreated green table olives, not fermented, preserved by heat treatments

Two new procedures for the elaboration of alkali-treated green table olives, without fermentation, preserved by sterilization or pasteurization were studied. In each case, the aim was to obtain a product with good quality and guaranteed safety. In the sterilized product, it was demonstrated that by including a pitting step during elaboration, a product was obtained with both flavour and texture similar to those of «green ripe olives», but without the need to apply an excessive number of washes. Alkalizing agents added to the packing solution negatively affected the organoleptic olive properties. In case of the pasteurized product, a pitting step during elaboration was also demonstrated to be effective in improving olive flavour. Fruit texture was not significantly affected by this step. Both herbal extracts and monosodium glutamate added to the packing solution successfully masked the «cooked» flavour of olives associated with pasteurisation.En el presente trabajo se han estudiado dos nuevos procedimientos para la elaboración de aceitunas verdes tratadas con álcali no fermentadas, conservadas por esterilización o pasterización, con el objetivo de obtener, en cada caso, un producto de calidad adecuada y de total garantía en cuanto a seguridad. En el producto esterilizado, se demostró que la inclusión de una etapa de deshuesado durante la elaboración conseguía un sabor y textura similares a las aceitunas denominadas "green ripe olives", pero sin necesidad de aplicar un excesivo número de lavados. Sin embargo, la adición de agentes alcalinizantes afectó negativamente a las características organolépticas de este producto. En el caso del producto pasterizado, el deshuesado del fruto consiguió también una notable mejora del sabor sin afectar significativamente a la textura. La adición de extractos de hierbas aromáticas o de glutamato monosódico a la salmuera de envasado enmascaró el característico sabor a "cocinado" de las aceitunas pasterizadas.Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto de investigación AGL2003-03552 financiado por la CICYT-FEDER.Peer reviewe

El modelo de interdependencia actor-pareja en el estudio de la agresión y la victimización en la pareja: un estudio empírico de 361 díadas

Studies of intimate partner violence (IPV) have generally focused on only one partner. Although this has allowed advances in scientific knowledge on the causes of IPV, currently recent literature is demanding the need to study both members of the couple. Methodologically, the study of dyads requires the use of appropriate statistical techniques to avoid possible systematic biases (for example, type I error due to dependence of observations). We used the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to study aggression and victimization in 361 heterosexual couples of young adults. The results indicated, on the one hand, that self-reported mutual aggression was found in more than 50% of the couples. On the other hand, we found that participants’ victimization was largely predicted by their own aggressive behavior towards the other member of the couple. While this result suggests the existence of a victim-offender overlap, it may also hide an upwards victimization scores bias: when participants are aggressive toward their partners, they may bias their victimization scores upwards to justify their levels of aggression (“I was aggressive because I felt victimized”).Los estudios sobre la violencia de pareja (en inglés IPV) generalmente han centrado sus análisis sólo en uno de los miembros. Aunque esto ha permitido avanzar en el conocimiento de las causas de la IPV, la literatura reciente ha señalado la necesidad de estudiar a los dos miembros de la pareja. Metodológicamente el estudio de las parejas requiere el uso de técnicas estadísticas apropiadas para evitar posibles sesgos sistemáticos (por ejemplo, error tipo I debido a la dependencia de las observaciones). En este estudio utilizamos el modelo de interdependencia actorpareja para el estudio de la agresión y la victimización en 361 parejas jóvenes heterosexuales de jóvenes adultos. Los resultados indicaban, por una parte, que había agresión mutua autoinformada en más de la mitad de las parejas. Por otro lado, encontramos que el principal predictor de la victimización de los participantes fue su propio comportamiento agresivo hacia el otro miembro de la pareja. Este resultado sugiere que la víctima y el agresor son la misma persona. Sin embargo, también puede ocultar un posible sesgo al alza de las puntuaciones de victimización: cuando los participantes son agresivos con sus parejas, pueden sesgar al alza sus puntuaciones de victimización para justificar sus niveles de agresión (“Fui agresivo porque me sentí victimizado”).Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España MINECO-PSI2016-77484-P y PID2019-104116GB-I0

Estudio de nuevos procedimientos de elaboración de aceitunas verdes tratadas con álcali, no fermentadas, conservadas mediante tratamientos térmicos

Two new procedures for the elaboration of alkali-treated green table olives, without fermentation, preserved by sterilization or pasteurization were studied. In each case, the aim was to obtain a product with good quality and guaranteed safety. In the sterilized product, it was demonstrated that by including a pitting step during elaboration, a product was obtained with both flavour and texture similar to those of «green ripe olives», but without the need to apply an excessive number of washes. Alkalizing agents added to the packing solution negatively affected the organoleptic olive properties. In case of the pasteurized product, a pitting step during elaboration was also demonstrated to be effective in improving olive flavour. Fruit texture was not significantly affected by this step. Both herbal extracts and monosodium glutamate added to the packing solution successfully masked the «cooked» flavour of olives associated with pasteurisation.En el presente trabajo se han estudiado dos nuevos procedimientos para la elaboración de aceitunas verdes tratadas con álcali no fermentadas, conservadas por esterilización o pasterización, con el objetivo de obtener, en cada caso, un producto de calidad adecuada y de total garantía en cuanto a seguridad. En el producto esterilizado, se demostró que la inclusión de una etapa de deshuesado durante la elaboración conseguía un sabor y textura similares a las aceitunas denominadas «green ripe olives», pero sin necesidad de aplicar un excesivo número de lavados. Sin embargo, la adición de agentes alcalinizantes afectó negativamente a las características organolépticas de este producto. En el caso del producto pasterizado, el deshuesado del fruto consiguió también una notable mejora del sabor sin afectar significativamente a la textura. La adición de extractos de hierbas aromáticas o de glutamato monosódico a la salmuera de envasado enmascaró el característico sabor a “cocinado” de las aceitunas pasterizadas

Elaboración de aceitunas de mesa

Table olives are one of the main pickled products prepared throughout the world. Spain is the first producing and exporting country. In general, any processing method aims to remove the natural bitterness of this fruit, caused by the glucoside oleuropein. The most common types of preparation are: Spanish Style Green, Natural Black and Black (Ripe) Olives (darkened by oxidation). In this paper the three elaboration processes are summarized, reviewing the current situation of the different phases of the production process for each one.Las aceitunas de mesa son uno de los principales encurtidos que se preparan actualmente a nivel mundial. España es el primer país productor y exportador. El objetivo de cualquier proceso de elaboración es eliminar el amargor natural de los frutos debido a la presencia de la oeuropeína. Los tipos de preparaciones más importantes son: Verdes Estilo Español, Negras Naturales y Negras (ennegrecidas por oxidación). En el presente trabajo se resumen los tres procesos de elaboración, revisándose la situación actual del conocimiento en cada una de las fases de los distintos procesos productivo

Dry needling versus diacutaneous fibrolysis for the treatment of the mechanical properties of the teres major muscle: A randomized clinical trial

Producción Científica(1) Background: The stiffness of the posterior shoulder muscles has been shown to be related to shoulder pain and range of motion (ROM) restriction in athletes. Specifically, the treatment of the teres major muscle showed promising results in previous studies. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dry needling (DN) vs. diacutaneous fibrolysis (DF) to improve the stiffness and tone of the teres major muscle, pain intensity, shoulder ROM, and extensibility in the short-term and at one-week follow-up in handball athletes. (2) Methods: A randomized clinical trial with blinded examiners was carried out. Elite handball athletes with shoulder pain and glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (n = 30) were randomly allocated to the DN group or the DF group. Patients in both groups received a single treatment session directly applied to the teres major muscle. The primary outcome variables and instrument were mechanical properties of the teres major muscle (stiffness and tone) measured with myotonometry. The secondary outcome variables were intensity of shoulder pain evaluated with visual analogue scale and shoulder ROM and extensibility recorded with a digital inclinometer. (3) Results: No between-group differences were found after the intervention or at one-week follow-up in the mechanical properties of teres major muscle, pain intensity, shoulder ROM, or extensibility. (4) Conclusions: the DN and DF techniques showed similar results at both timepoints in elite handball athletes with shoulder pain and glenohumeral internal rotation deficits

Impact of a primary care training program on the prevention and management of unhealthy alcohol use: A quasi-experimental study.

Objective: To assess the impact of a training program targeted to Primary Care (PC) professionals on the acquisition of communication skills, attitudes, and knowledge about the prevention and management of unhealthy alcohol use. Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre- and post-intervention study was performed in PC centers of Cordoba (Spain). Family doctors, residents and nurses participated in the study. The intervention was based on a motivational interviewing training program, which consisted in a workshop on learning skills, attitudes and knowledge about the alcohol management. PC providers were videotaped with a standardized patient in order to check the clinical and communication competencies acquired. A descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out (p<0.05). Results: PC providers’ communication skills and attitudes showed significant improvements in the variables studied (p<0.001), as well as in the clinical interview evaluation parameters. Conclusion: The present study reveals the impact of a training program targeted to PC professionals on communication skills, attitudes, and knowledge about the prevention and management of patients with unhealthy alcohol use. Practice implications: Training activities targeted to PC providers represent a valuable strategy to improve communication skills, attitudes and knowledge of these professionals in their clinical practice.pre-print200 K

Increased tone and stiffness of the teres major muscle in elite handball athletes: A cross-sectional study

Producción CientíficaBackground: The aim of this study was to determine whether the elite handball (HB) athletes with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) present differences in the mechanical properties in the teres major muscle, and strength and extensibility of the posterior shoulder tissues of the throwing shoulder (TS) compared to the non-throwing (non-TS) and non-HB athletes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with sixty male participants: 30 HB athletes with GIRD and 30 age-matched healthy non-HB athletes. Mechanical properties of the teres major muscle were measured with MyotonPRO; also, extensibility of the posterior shoulder tissues and maximum isometric internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) strength were recorded. Results: The teres major muscle of the TS in the HB group achieved a higher tone (Δ 0.34; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.53) and stiffness (Δ 30.86; 95% CI: 23.04,38.68), and a lower relaxation time compared to the non-TS of the same group (Δ −0.69; 95% CI: −1.15, −0.24;) and to the TS of the control group for the tone (Δ 0.36; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.70) and for the stiffness (Δ 27.03; 95% CI: 15.24, 38.83). The extensibility of the TS of the HB group presented a statistically significant decrease compared to the control group (Δ −7.83; 95% CI: −12.42, 3.23). A between-groups ER/IR ratio imbalance was found for the TS (Δ −12.18; 95% CI: −25.59, −1.23) and the non-TS (Δ −13.01; 95% CI: −25.79, −0.25). Conclusions: HB athletes with GIRD present a higher tone and stiffness of the teres major muscle and lack of extensibility of the tissues of the posterior part of the shoulder compared to the non-TS and to healthy non-HB athletes

The effectiveness of hip interventions in patients with low-back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Producción CientíficaLow-back pain (LBP) may be directly or indirectly related to impairments from the hip joint. To evaluate the effectiveness of hip interventions on pain and disability in patients with LBP in the short-, medium-, and long-term. A total of 2581 studies were screened. Eight were included in the meta-analysis involving 508 patients with LBP. The results provided very low certainty that both hip strengthening and hip stretching improved pain (MD = -0.66; 95% CI -0.86, -0.48; I2:0%) (MD = -0.55; 95% CI -1.02, -0.08) and disability (SMD = -0.81; 95% CI -1.53, -0.10; I2: 80%) (SMD = -1.03; 95% CI -1.82, -0.25) in the short-term, respectively. No benefits were found in the medium- or long-term. The risk of bias, heterogeneity, and imprecision of the results downgraded the level of evidence

Effectiveness of a Training Program for the Management of Risky Alcohol Use in Primary Care Professionals Based on Motivational Interviewing

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a training program for Primary Care (PC) professionals developed to increase knowledge, attitudes, and skills for managing patients with risky alcohol use and in the motivational interview. DESIGN: Multicenter, two-arm parallel, randomized, open-label controlled clinical trial. SETTING: PC of the Andalusian Health Service. PARTICIPANTS: The study was completed by 80 healthcare professionals from 31 PC centers. INTERVENTIONS: In both experimental and control groups, a workshop on managing patients with risky alcohol consumption and the resolution of two videotaped clinical cases with standardized patients were conducted. The experimental group attended a workshop on motivational interviewing. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Knowledge about managing risky alcohol use, clinical performance in patients with this health problem, and assessment of the motivational interview. RESULTS: Mean age was 39.50±13.06 - SD - (95% CI: 36.59-42.41); 71.3% (95% CI: 61.1-80.9%) were women. The average score of both groups in the knowledge questionnaire before the training program was 15.10±4.66, becoming 21.99±3.93 points after the training (95% CI: 5.70-7.92; p CONCLUSIONS: A training program aimed at PC professionals designed to increase knowledge on how to manage risky alcohol use and acquire communication skills in motivational interviewing is effective