Mobilität in Deutschland (MiD 2002) - Auswertung der Daten für Berlin

Die Daten der MiD wurden repräsentativ für ganz Deutschland erhoben. Um Untersuchungen spezifisch für Berlin durchführen zu können bzw. die MiD-Daten mit anderen Berlin-Datensätzen (DLR e-commerce, "Mobilität Berlin") verknüpfen zu können, wurden die Berliner Daten aus den Gesamtdaten extrahiert

Beratung ökologisch wirtschaftender Erzeuger in Deutschland - Ihre Qualität aus Sicht der Nutzer und ihr Beitrag zur Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Betriebe

Das Projekt „Beratung ökologisch wirtschaftender Erzeuger in Deutschland - Ihre Qualität aus Sicht der Nutzer und ihr Beitrag zur Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Betriebe“ verfolgt vier Ziele: (1) Die Inanspruchnahme von Beratungsleistungen durch ökologisch wirtschaftende Erzeuger (n=600), insbesondere den Umfang von Beratungsleistungen, die Nutzung verschiedener Formen von Beratung bzw. von unterschiedlichen Beratungsträgern sowie die in der Beratung behandelten Themen. Hierbei gilt es auch zu ermitteln von welchen Faktoren die Nutzung der Beratungsleistungen abhängt. Dabei ist insbesondere zu klären, welche Organisations- und Finanzierungsmodelle von den Beratungsnehmern in welchem Maße angenommen werden. (2)Die Zufriedenheit der Öko-Erzeuger mit der Beratung. Bei der Beratung handelt es sich um eine kommunikative Dienstleistung mit zwei Hauptbeteiligten. In der geplanten Untersuchung wird die Güte der Leistung bzw. der Vollzug der Leistung aus Sicht der Nutzer, also der Erzeuger betrachtet. Hierbei soll die Zufriedenheit der Beratungsnutzer ermittelt werden und die dafür zugrunde gelegten Kriterien wie auch durch die Beratung bisher nicht zufriedengestellte Ansprüche. (3) Die Bedeutung der Beratung ökologisch wirtschaftender Erzeuger für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Öko-Betriebe. Hierbei geht es auch darum, inwieweit spezielle Produktionstechniken, direkt wettbewerbsrelevante Inhalte wie z.B. Betriebszweiganalysen und ähnliches in der Beratungsarbeit stärkere Beachtung finden können. Dies gilt auch für Themen wie Umgang mit den Auswirkungen des Klimawandels, des demographischen Wandels etc. die für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung bedeutsam sind. (4) Das vierte Ziel besteht darin, auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse Hinweise zur Nutzung der Beratung und zu möglichen Verbesserungen an die Organisationen zu geben, welche Beratungsleistungen im ökologischen Landbau anbieten und an deren Weiterentwicklung interessiert sind. Nach Abschluss der Untersuchung können den Beratungsanbietern Empfehlungen und Handreichungen für die Implementierung eigener Evaluierungsinstrumente gegeben werden. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse stellen eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die weitere Ausrichtung der Beratungsangebote verschiedener Trägerorganisationen dar, ebenso für die Konzeption von Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen von Beratungskräften. Sie leisten auch einen Beitrag zur Diskussion um die Qualität von Beratungsleistungen bzw. die Zertifizierung von Beratern bzw. deren Anstellungsträgern. Das FuE-Vorhaben wird von einem Beirat, in dem Öko-Landwirte als Nutzer von Beratung vertreten sind, begleitet. Die Stiftung Ökologie & Landbau (SÖL) und der dort angebundene Berater-Beirat sind ebenfalls beteiligt und sorgen dafür, dass die Projektergebnisse in die Praxis der Beratungsanbieter einfließen können

Determination of error probability of cryptography and safety codes for safety-related railway applications

The paper deals with the problem of determination of error probability of cryptography and safety codes used within the safety-related railway applications with increasing safety integrity level (SIL). In the paper are also described requirements for cryptographic block code and safety linear block code in safety-related communications for railway application. The main part is oriented to the description of mathematical apparatus for the error probability of the cryptography and safety block codes for communication between two safety-related devices across GSM-R communication channel. The practical results are related to the quantitative evaluation of an average error probability of the cryptography and safety codes for several lengths of safety-related messages which are expanded about determination of the cryptography degradation with using GMSK modulation scheme

Bullying girls - Changes after brief strategic family therapy: A randomized, prospective, controlled trial with one-year follow-up

Background: Many girls bully others. They are conspicuous because of their risk-taking behavior, increased anger, problematic interpersonal relationships and poor quality of life. Our aim was to determine the efficacy of brief strategic family therapy (BSFT) for bullying-related behavior, anger reduction, improvement of interpersonal relationships, and improvement of health-related quality of life in girls who bully, and to find out whether their expressive aggression correlates with their distinctive psychological features. Methods: 40 bullying girls were recruited from the general population: 20 were randomly selected for 3 months of BSFT. Follow-up took place 12 months after the therapy had ended. The results of treatment were examined using the Adolescents' Risk-taking Behavior Scale (ARBS), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-D), and the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Results: In comparison with the control group (CG) (according to the intent-to-treat principle), bullying behavior in the BSFT group was reduced (BSFT-G from n = 20 to n = 6; CG from n = 20 to n = 18, p = 0.05) and statistically significant changes in all risk-taking behaviors (ARBS), on most STAXI, IIP-D, and SF-36 scales were observed after BSFT. The reduction in expressive aggression (Anger-Out scale of the STAXI) correlated with the reduction on several scales of the ARBS, IIP-D, and SF-36. Follow-up a year later showed relatively stable events. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that bullying girls suffer from psychological and social problems which may be reduced by the use of BSFT. Expressive aggression in girls appears to correlate with several types of risk-taking behavior and interpersonal problems, as well as with health-related quality of life. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

GPU Resource Optimization and Scheduling for Shared Execution Environments

General purpose graphics processing units have become a computing workhorse for a variety of data- and compute-intensive applications, from large supercomputing systems for massive data analytics to small, mobile embedded devices for autonomous vehicles. Making effective and efficient use of these processors traditionally relies on extensive programmer expertise to design and develop kernel methods which simultaneously trade off task decomposition and resource exploitation. Often, new architecture designs force code refinements in order to continue to achieve optimal performance. At the same time, not all applications require full utilization of the system to achieve that optimal performance. In this case, the increased capability of new architectures introduces an ever-widening gap between the level of resources necessary for optimal performance and the level necessary to maintain system efficiency. The ability to schedule and execute multiple independent tasks on a GPU, known generally as concurrent kernel execution, enables application programmers and system developers to balance application performance and system efficiency. Various approaches to develop both coarse- and fine-grained scheduling mechanisms to achieve a high degree of resource utilization and improved application performance have been studied. Most of these works focus on mechanisms for the management of compute resources, while a small percentage consider the data transfer channels. In this dissertation, we propose a pragmatic approach to scheduling and managing both types of resources – data transfer and compute – that is transparent to an application programmer and capable of providing near-optimal system performance. Furthermore, the approaches described herein rely on reinforcement learning methods, which enable the scheduling solutions to be flexible to a variety of factors, such as transient application behaviors, changing system designs, and tunable objective functions. Finally, we describe a framework for the practical implementation of learned scheduling policies to achieve high resource utilization and efficient system performance

Beginning of Viniculture in France

Chemical analyses of ancient organic compounds absorbed into the pottery fabrics of imported Etruscan amphoras (ca. 500-475 B.C.) and into a limestone pressing platform (ca. 425-400 B.C.) at the ancient coastal port site of Lattara in southern France provide the earliest biomolecular archaeological evidence for grape wine and viniculture from this country, which is crucial to the later history of wine in Europe and the rest of the world. The data support the hypothesis that export of wine by ship from Etruria in central Italy to southern Mediterranean France fueled an ever-growing market and interest in wine there, which, in turn, as evidenced by the winepress, led to transplantation of the Eurasian grapevine and the beginning of a Celtic industry in France. Herbal and pine resin additives to the Etruscan wine point to the medicinal role of wine in antiquity, as well as a means of preserving it during marine transport

The Relationship between Visual Stimuli on Learning and Memory

This study focused on the effects of visual stimuli on information retention. Previous research findings have provided much insight into the effects of visual stimuli on the process of retention. Visual stimuli aids in how much information will be absorbed as well as the process of gaining knowledge through the process of vision (Dake, 1999; Rogoff, 2005). Researchers believed there would be a difference in information retention, as measured by a comprehensive quiz, between participants who receive text with pictures and those who receive text only. This study presented 34 participants with an information source that was either text only or one that included the presence of pictures. They were then given a content related quiz regarding the information on the text. The results indicated there was a slight difference in average scores. The participants who received the text with pictures scored slightly higher than the other participants. The data collected can certainly be generalized to many areas of education and the formation of better textbooks and curriculum. The presence of visual stimuli and the effect on information retention is pertinent to the formation of better strategies in improving student performance