Triggers : systematic and social cues for black college student racial self-consciousness and rejection sensitivity, race-based.

Scholars have examined black student well-being in varying ways including through the framing of race-based rejection sensitivity (Downey & Feldman, 1996; Mendoza-Denton, Downey, Purdie, Davis, & Pietrzak, 2002) and racial self-consciousness (Clark & Clark, 1939). Research shows that black students perform worse academically when they display high levels of race-based rejection sensitivity and racial self-conscious levels (Brannon & Taylor, 2015; Clark & Clark, 1939; Koehler & Skvoretz, 2010), and feelings of racial self-consciousness or rejection sensitivity stem from discriminatory and prejudicial experiences. However, research has not fully connected the broader context surrounding black students in college to their high levels of anxiousness and their academic performance. The current study addresses how the college environment can influence black students’ racial self-conscious levels by examining four campus climate-related processes of race-based rejection sensitivity: perceptions of racial discrimination, perceptions of institutional commitments to racial diversity, perceptions of racial separation on campus, and perceptions of black student visibility. Additionally, this study considers how colorism may influence race-based rejection sensitivity and racial self-consciousness among black students, and how students’ worldview in relation to other blacks may shape their college experiences. Through analyses of data collected as part of the National Longitudinal Survey of Freshmen, the current study utilizes ordinary least squares regression, means comparison, and binomial logistic regression analyses to identify how the aforementioned factors trigger black students’ racial self-conscious levels during college

Trademarks - Extraterritorial Application of the Lanham Act

Plaintiff, an American corporation, had manufactured and sold women\u27s undergarments in the United States and Canada since 1917, under a U.S. registered trademark, Vanity Fair. Defendant, a Canadian corporation, had registered the same trademark in Canada in 1915, and for this reason plaintiff\u27s application for a Canadian trademark was denied in 1919. From 1945 to 1953, defendant purchased plaintiff\u27s trademarked goods for resale in Canada. In 1953, defendant began selling goods of Canadian manufacture with its own Vanity Fair trademark, and threatened its competitors in Canada with infringement suits if they continued to sell plaintiff\u27s trademarked goods. In an action brought in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, plaintiff sought an injunction against defendant\u27s use of the trademark Vanity Fair, claiming that defendant\u27s Canadian sales constituted trademark infringement and unfair competition under both the Lanham Act and the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. The district court dismissed for lack of federal question jurisdiction over the alleged infringement and unfair competition occurring in Canada.8 On appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held, affirmed. Neither the Lanham Act, providing infringement remedies to trademark owners, nor the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, providing for protection of trade names in signatory countries, apply to the acts of a foreign national in his home country, where the acts are done under a presumably valid trademark registration in that country. Vanity Fair Mills v. T. Eaton Co., (2d Cir. 1956) 234 F. (2d) 633, cert. den. 352 U.S. 871 (1956)

Coping to Survive The “Wild West”: Black College Womxn and Femmes Enduring Anti-Black Gendered Racism In A University of The American West

Personal narrative and research stress that Black womxn college students employ various types of coping strategies to navigate anti-Black gendered racism at institutional and interpersonal levels while obtaining their college degrees. Throughout this dissertation, I explore how Black college womxn and femmes coped with gendered racism at the University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder), a predominantly and historically white institution in the American West. Working within a conceptual framework made up of Black feminism, anti-Black settler colonialism, and institutionality, I ask how Black undergraduate womxn and femmes perceived the writ large of anti-Black gendered racism at CU Boulder, and how they understood and demonstrated coping to survive the psychological aftermath of racially gendered stressors that the neoliberal university perpetuates. To answer this overarching research question, I conducted qualitative research methodology including participant observation, focus group interviews, and in-depth one-on-one interviews with Black womxn and femme undergraduates attending CU Boulder. Findings indicate that while Black undergraduate womxn and femme students utilized numerous strategies to cope at CU Boulder, the persistence of anti-Black gendered racism remained part of a prolonged her/history of Black fungibility and Black liminality in the &ldquo;Wild West.&rdquo; Additionally, I provide connections between coping, survival, and the politicization of care as illustrated by Black womxn and femme college students throughout my dissertation.</p

Hip fracture intervention study for prevention of hypotension trial: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Background: Hypotension during anesthesia for surgery for hip fracture is common and associated with myocardial injury, stroke, acute kidney injury, and delirium. We hypothesized that maintaining intraoperative blood pressure close to patients’ preoperative values would reduce these complications compared to usual care. Methods: A pilot feasibility patient- and assessor-blinded parallel group randomized controlled trial. People with unilateral hip fracture aged ≥70 years with capacity to give consent before surgery were eligible. Participants were allocated at random before surgery to either tight blood pressure control (systolic blood pressure ≥80% preoperative baseline and mean arterial blood pressure ≥75 mm hg) or usual care. Feasibility outcomes were protocol adherence, primary outcome data completeness, and recruitment rate. The composite primary outcome was myocardial injury, stroke, acute kidney injury or delirium within 7 days of surgery. Results: Seventy-six participants were enrolled, and 12 withdrew before randomization. Sixty-four participants were randomized, 30 were allocated to control, and 34 to intervention. There was no crossover, all 64 participants received their allocated treatment, primary outcome was known for all participants. The composite primary outcome occurred in 14 of 30 participants in the control group compared with 23 of 34 participants in the intervention group (p = .09), relative risk 1.45 (95% confidence interval [ci], 0.93–2.27). Conclusions: A randomized controlled trial of tight intraoperative blood pressure control compared to usual care to reduce major postoperative complications after fractured neck of femur surgery is possible. However, the data would suggest a large sample size would be required for a definitive trial

A Survey of Minority Students Who Use Retention Program Services at a Predominantly White Institution

This researcher seeks to examine the characteristics of those minority students, at a Predominantly White Institution (PWI), who frequently use retention program services versus those who do not frequently use retention program services. Frequent use of retention program was considered to be every other week or more. Infrequent user of retention program was considered once a month or less often. Data analysis revealed many similarities between the groups relating to grade point average (GPA), marital status, and housing status. Despite the similarities between the groups, there were some differences, although not significant. The mean age of the frequent users was two years older than the infrequent users. The frequent users also scored higher on the American College Test (ACT) and on the Desire to Succeed Scale (t (57) = 2.61,^ \u3c .05) than the infrequent users. However, the GPA\u27s between the groups were commensurate despite one group\u27s frequent use of retention programs. Other differences were noted in circle of friends both in high school and college and level of academic preparedness from high school. Further areas of research and limitations were discussed