The catalase gene family in cucumber: genome-wide identification and organization

Abstract Catalase (CAT) is a common antioxidant enzyme in almost all living organisms. Currently, detailed reports on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) CAT (CsCAT) genes and tissue expression profiling are limited. In the present study, four candidate CsCAT genes were identified in cucumber. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CsCAT1-CsCAT3 are closely related to Arabidopsis AtCAT1-AtCAT3, but no obvious counterpart was observed for CsCAT4. Intron/exon structure analysis revealed that only one of the 15 positions was completely conserved. Motif analysis showed that, unlike the CAT genes of other species, none of CsCAT genes contained all 10 motifs. Expression data showed that transcripts of all of the CsCAT genes, except CsCAT4, were detected in five tissues. Moreover, their transcription levels displayed differences under different stress treatments

Exploring the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma via microarray data analysis

Background: Despite the increasing number of research endeavors dedicated to investigating the relationship between colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the underlying pathogenic mechanism remains largely elusive. The aim of this study is to shed light on the molecular mechanism involved in the development of this comorbidity.Methods: The gene expression profiles of CRC (GSE90627) and HCC (GSE45267) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After identifying the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of psoriasis and atherosclerosis, three kinds of analyses were performed, namely, functional annotation, protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network and module construction, and hub gene identification, survival analysis and co-expression analysis.Results: A total of 150 common downregulated differentially expressed genes and 148 upregulated differentially expressed genes were selected for subsequent analyses. The significance of chemokines and cytokines in the pathogenesis of these two ailments is underscored by functional analysis. Seven gene modules that were closely connected were identified. Moreover, the lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway is intricately linked to the development of both diseases. Finally, 10 important hub genes were identified using cytoHubba, including CDK1, KIF11, CDC20, CCNA2, TOP2A, CCNB1, NUSAP1, BUB1B, ASPM, and MAD2L1.Conclusion: Our study reveals the common pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. These common pathways and hub genes may provide new ideas for further mechanism research

Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis and systematic review

BackgroundNeoadjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated beneficial outcomes in various cancer types; however, standardized protocols for neoadjuvant immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the reliability of neoadjuvant immunotherapy’s efficacy and safety in the context of HCC.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and conference proceedings to identify clinical trials involving resectable HCC and neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Single-arm meta-analyses were employed to compute odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity analysis, data quality assessment, and subgroup analyses based on the type of immunotherapy drugs and combination therapies were performed. This meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO (identifier CRD42023474276).ResultsThis meta-analysis included 255 patients from 11 studies. Among resectable HCC patients, neoadjuvant immunotherapy exhibited an overall major pathological response (MPR) rate of 0.47 (95% CI 0.31-0.70) and a pathological complete response (pCR) rate of 0.22 (95% CI 0.14-0.36). The overall objective response rate (ORR) was 0.37 (95% CI 0.20-0.69), with a grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) incidence rate of 0.35 (95% CI 0.24-0.51). Furthermore, the combined surgical resection rate was 3.08 (95% CI 1.66-5.72). Subgroup analysis shows no significant differences in the efficacy and safety of different single-agent immunotherapies; the efficacy of dual ICIs (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors) combination therapy is superior to targeted combined immunotherapy and monotherapy, while the reverse is observed in terms of safety.DiscussionNeoadjuvant immunotherapy presents beneficial outcomes in the treatment of resectable HCC. However, large-scale, high-quality experiments are warranted in the future to provide robust data support

Real-Time Surface EMG Pattern Recognition for Hand Gestures Based on an Artificial Neural Network

In recent years, surface electromyography (sEMG) signals have been increasingly used in pattern recognition and rehabilitation. In this paper, a real-time hand gesture recognition model using sEMG is proposed. We use an armband to acquire sEMG signals and apply a sliding window approach to segment the data in extracting features. A feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) is founded and trained by the training dataset. A test method is used in which the gesture will be recognized when recognized label times reach the threshold of activation times by the ANN classifier. In the experiment, we collected real sEMG data from twelve subjects and used a set of five gestures from each subject to evaluate our model, with an average recognition rate of 98.7% and an average response time of 227.76 ms, which is only one-third of the gesture time. Therefore, the pattern recognition system might be able to recognize a gesture before the gesture is completed

The catalase gene family in cucumber: genome-wide identification and organization

Abstract Catalase (CAT) is a common antioxidant enzyme in almost all living organisms. Currently, detailed reports on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) CAT (CsCAT) genes and tissue expression profiling are limited. In the present study, four candidate CsCAT genes were identified in cucumber. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CsCAT1-CsCAT3 are closely related to Arabidopsis AtCAT1-AtCAT3, but no obvious counterpart was observed for CsCAT4. Intron/exon structure analysis revealed that only one of the 15 positions was completely conserved. Motif analysis showed that, unlike the CAT genes of other species, none of CsCAT genes contained all 10 motifs. Expression data showed that transcripts of all of the CsCAT genes, except CsCAT4, were detected in five tissues. Moreover, their transcription levels displayed differences under different stress treatments

Sol-Gel Processed Cobalt-Doped Methylated Silica Membranes Calcined under N2 Atmosphere: Microstructure and Hydrogen Perm-Selectivity

Methyl-modified, cobalt-doped silica (Co/MSiO2) materials were synthesized by sol-gel technique calcined in N2 atmospheres, and membranes were made thereof by coating method. The effects of Co/Si molar ratio (nCo) on the physical-chemical constructions of Co/MSiO2 materials and microstructures of Co/MSiO2 membranes were systematically investigated. The gas permeance performance and hydrothermal stability of Co/MSiO2 membranes were also tested. The results show that the cobalt element in Co/MSiO2 material calcined at 400 °C exists not only as Si–O–Co bond but also as Co3O4 and CoO crystals. The introduction of metallic cobalt and methyl can enlarge the total pore volume and average pore size of the SiO2 membrane. The activation energy (Ea) values of H2, CO2, and N2 for Co/MSiO2 membranes are less than those for MSiO2 membranes. When operating at a pressure difference of 0.2 MPa and 200 °C compared with MSiO2 membrane, the permeances of H2, CO2, and N2 for Co/MSiO2 membrane with nCo = 0.08 increased by 1.17, 0.70, and 0.83 times, respectively, and the perm-selectivities of H2/CO2 and H2/N2 increased by 27.66% and 18.53%, respectively. After being steamed and thermally regenerated, the change of H2 permeance and H2 perm-selectivities for Co/MSiO2 membrane is much smaller than those for MSiO2 membrane.</jats:p

Sol-Gel Processed Cobalt-Doped Methylated Silica Membranes Calcined under N2 Atmosphere: Microstructure and Hydrogen Perm-Selectivity

Methyl-modified, cobalt-doped silica (Co/MSiO2) materials were synthesized by sol-gel technique calcined in N2 atmospheres, and membranes were made thereof by coating method. The effects of Co/Si molar ratio (nCo) on the physical-chemical constructions of Co/MSiO2 materials and microstructures of Co/MSiO2 membranes were systematically investigated. The gas permeance performance and hydrothermal stability of Co/MSiO2 membranes were also tested. The results show that the cobalt element in Co/MSiO2 material calcined at 400 °C exists not only as Si–O–Co bond but also as Co3O4 and CoO crystals. The introduction of metallic cobalt and methyl can enlarge the total pore volume and average pore size of the SiO2 membrane. The activation energy (Ea) values of H2, CO2, and N2 for Co/MSiO2 membranes are less than those for MSiO2 membranes. When operating at a pressure difference of 0.2 MPa and 200 °C compared with MSiO2 membrane, the permeances of H2, CO2, and N2 for Co/MSiO2 membrane with nCo = 0.08 increased by 1.17, 0.70, and 0.83 times, respectively, and the perm-selectivities of H2/CO2 and H2/N2 increased by 27.66% and 18.53%, respectively. After being steamed and thermally regenerated, the change of H2 permeance and H2 perm-selectivities for Co/MSiO2 membrane is much smaller than those for MSiO2 membrane

CsCAT3, a catalase gene from Cucumis sativus, confers resistance to a variety of stresses to Escherichia coli

Catalase (CAT) is a key scavenging enzyme for the degradation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and plays an important role in the tolerance to diverse abiotic stresses in many different organisms. In this study, we characterized the function of a catalase gene (CsCAT3) previously isolated from Cucumis sativus in the defence against a variety of stresses. Protein alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsCAT3 was clustered in the dicot group and shared 41%–95% identity with other plant CATs. Expression analyses revealed that the expression of CsCAT3 was induced by diverse abiotic stresses such as heat, polyethylene glycol, cold and NaCl treatment, as well as by signalling molecules such as abscisic acid (ABA) and H2O2. An Escherichia coli heterologous expression system was constructed to characterize the function of CsCAT3 in vitro. Its overexpression in E. coli could increase the tolerance to heat, cold, salinity and osmotic conditions. These results indicate that CsCAT3 plays important roles in abiotic stress tolerance and that CsCAT3 confers tolerance in E. coli recombinants against abiotic stresses, which may be due to the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes that reduce the oxidative damage caused by stress conditions