Mining revival

In relation to its size the United Kingdom (UK) is remarkably well-endowed with mineral resources as a result of its complex geological history. Their extraction and use have played an important role in the development of the UK economy over many years and minerals are currently worked at some 2100 mine and quarry sites. Production is now largely confined to construction minerals, primarily aggregates, energy minerals and industrial minerals including salt, potash, kaolin and fluorspar, although renewed interest in metals is an important development in recent years

Critical metals for high-technology applications: mineral exploration potential in the north of Ireland

There is global concern about the availability of ‘critical’ metals: those of growing economic importance but vulnerable to supply shortage. Production from domestic resources could contribute to security of supply. However, we have little information on how critical metals are concentrated in the Earth’s crust and the resources that exist in the British Isles. Ireland’s diverse geology provides many geological environments in which critical metals may be enriched. This review considers mineral exploration potential for selected ‘critical’ metals identified by the European Commission and others considered important for high-technology applications. Known mineral deposits and the Tellus and Tellus Border geochemistry suggest that the north of Ireland is prospective for some of these metals and warrants further investigation. Extraction of these metals as by-products could facilitate the development of otherwise sub-economic ore bodies in Ireland, thus supporting economic growth

Malthus revisited

Although mineral resources are non-renewable and unevenly distributed, global supply has so far kept up with demand. However, mankind is now moving into an era of unprecedented population growth and environmental change. As demand continues to rise and the need to mitigate and adapt to environmental change becomes more pressing can the abundant mineral supply we have enjoyed be sustained

Challenges to global mineral resource security and options for future supply

Minerals are vital to support economic growth and the functioning of modern society. Demand for minerals is increasing as global population expands and minerals are used in a greater range of applications, particularly associated with the deployment of new technologies. While concerns about future mineral scarcity have been expressed, these are generally unfounded and based on over-simplistic analysis. This paper considers recent debate around security of mineral supply and technical, geosciences-based options to improve utilization of the resource base and contribute to replenishing reserves. History suggests that increasing demand for minerals and higher prices will generally lead to technological and scientific innovation that results in new or alternative sources of supply. Recent assessments of global mineral endowment suggest that society should be optimistic about its ability to meet future demand for minerals, provided that there is continued innovation and investment in science and technology. Reducing energy consumption and breaking the current link between metal production and greenhouse gas emissions are among the greatest challenges to secure a sustainable mineral supply. However, widespread adoption of low-carbon mineral extraction technologies, underpinned by multidisciplinary research, and increased global utilization of low-carbon energy sources will allow these challenges to be met

The concept of "Networked collection" or "Virtual collection"?: revisiting the classical delineation between "in situ" and "ex situ" conservation and its consequences on database management

A networked collection, also called a virtual collection, is located at more than one geographical/institutional site, spans the genetic diversity of a given species (genepool) and gathers stakeholders having a mutual interest in rationally conserving and exchanging germplasm. In the extreme application of this concept, several accessions could be conserved, each at a distinct site. Many intermediate strategies are also conceivable. The global coconut conservation strategy (GCCS) was developed by the International Coconut Genetic Resources Network (COGENT) and the Global Crop Diversity Trust. This strategy is mainly based on ex situ conservation in five large regional field gene banks. The implementation of a networked collection could allow this system to involve more countries, sites and stakeholders. In order to make the germplasm affordable to stakeholders, the Polymotu concept was integrated as a new approach in the GCCS. Several accessions of coconut palms will be planted, each in a distinct isolated site, such as islets near inhabited islands, isolated valleys, or large plantations of other tree crops. This geographical remoteness will ensure the reproductive isolation needed for true-to-type breeding of the crop varieties through natural and cheap open pollination. A challenge being faced is that of gathering (in the same network and database) accessions held in international genebanks, as well as accessions conserved on islets owned by municipalities, islanders' families or tourism enterprises. Between 1992 and 2003, in a step-by-step manner, a database called CGRD (Coconut Genetic Resources Database) has been developed to manage and describe the accessions conserved in the ex situ coconut field genebank. This database system will have to be updated in order to integrate further geographical, social and ethnological information. Data will include not only Bioversity standard descriptors, but also additional information regarding places where the germplasm is conserved, information about the owners of these places, and rules that regulate access to the germplasm. The responsibility of funding such a networked/virtual collection could be shared by participants (who could provide part of the infrastructural costs) and by donors (through the funding of specific activities focussed on priority unique accessions). In order to improve the quality of conservation, funding could be allocated on an accession basis, according to evaluations conducted by the COGENT network. Criteria for the selection of an accession for conservation in the virtual/networked collection include: the ability to reproduce true-to-type, genetic representativeness, uniqueness of the germplasm, and policy considerations. Database management will be essential for conducting such evaluations. (Texte intégral

LAPORAN PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA LOKASI SMP NEGERI 4 NGAGLIK ALAMAT: JL. PALAGAN TENTARA PELAJAR, WONOREJO, SARIHARJO,

Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) merupakan salah satu mata kuliah yang wajib ditempuh oleh mahasiswa program studi kependidikan. Mata kuliah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman kepada mahasiswa dalam bidang pembelajaran dan manajerial di sekolah atau lembaga, untuk melatih dan mengembangkan kompetensi keguruan atau kependidikan. SMP Negeri 4 Ngaglik yang beralamat di Sariharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman, Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu sekolah yang dijadikan lokasi PPL tahun ini. Sekolah ini memiliki fasilitas yang cukup baik dalam mendukung kegiatan belajar mengajar. Kegiatan PPL yang dilakukan meliputi tahap persiapan, praktik mengajar, dan pelaksanaan. Beberapa persiapan PPL yang dilakukan antara lain kegiatan konsultasi dengan guru pembimbing dan observasi kegiatan pembelajaran. Pada tahap praktik mengajar, mahasiswa menyiapkan perangkat pembelajaran yaitu rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Praktik mengajar dilaksanakan pada tanggal 10 Agustus sampai dengan 12 Sepetember 2015. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, mahasiswa diberi kesempatan mengajar sebanyak 20 kali dengan alokasi masingmasing 80 menit setiap pertemuan (2 x 40 menit). Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan PPL yaitu mahasiswa mendapatkan pengalaman nyata berkaitan dengan perencanaan, penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran dan pengelolaan kelas. Mahasiswa telah dapat menerapkan dan mengembangkan ilmu serta keterampilan yang dimiliki sesuai dengan program studi masing-masing

Every Kind of Everyday...

A review of Michael Sheringham, Everyday Life: Theories and Practices from Surrealism to the Present (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006) and Kathleen Stewart, Ordinary Affects (Duke University Press, Durham and London, 2007

Mechanisms for concentrating critical metals in granite complexes: insight from the Mourne Mountains, Northern Ireland

37th Annual Winter Meeting of the Geological Society’s Mineral Deposits Studies Group, University of Oxford, UK, 6–7 January 2014The critical metals are the raw materials required for emerging technologies. Their production is concentrated in a small number of countries, resulting in a high risk of supply disruption (European Commission, 2010). The overall objective of this project was to utilise and enhance the Tellus data set for the Mourne Mountains so that the potential for polymetallic critical metal-bearing mineralisation could be investigated [...

A natural laboratory for critical metals investigations in the Mourne Mountains granites

Certain metals that are vital for many modern technologies occur naturally in the Mourne Mountains Complex of County Down, Northern Ireland. These include niobium, tantalum and the rare earth elements. Using the Tellus geochemistry data and the results of more detailed sampling, we have investigated their geological sources in granite bedrock and their dispersion in stream sediments. From this research, an exploration methodology has emerged that can assist in the search for critical metals globally. Planned follow-on studies include investigations of the environmental fate of these metals and the potentially toxic elements with which they are naturally associated

Alkaline magmatism and REE resources: a European overview, and links to Canada

In recent years, the European Union (EU) has prioritised the issue of critical raw materialsa – those materials which are important for the economy, but have risks to their supply. Of the materials identified as critical, the rare earth elements (REE) are considered to have the highest supply risks, since > 90% of global production comes from China. Several programmes are underway in Europe to investigate the supply chain for the REE and other critical materials. These include the EU-funded EURARE projectb, which aims to set the basis for the development of a European REE industry; and the Security of Supply of Mineral Resources (SoS Minerals) research programme in the UK