Development of a nanomanufacturing line to support dip-pen nanolithography on a massive scale

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 29).A manufacturing line to support dip pen nanolithography on a massive scale is justified and described. Appropriate machines are evaluated based on key parameters such as cost, rate, and resolution. Methods for comparing lines are discussed, and solutions for lowest cost and fastest lines are provided.by Jessica Luttkus.S.B

An integrative environmental pollen diversity assessment and its importance for the Sustainable Development Goals

Pollen is at once intimately part of the reproductive cycle of seed plants and simultaneously highly relevant for the environment (pollinators, vector for nutrients, or organisms), people (food safety and health), and climate (cloud condensation nuclei and climate reconstruction). We provide an interdisciplinary perspective on the many and connected roles of pollen to foster a better integration of the currently disparate fields of pollen research, which would benefit from the sharing of general knowledge, technical advancements, or data processing solutions. We propose a more interdisciplinary and holistic research approach that encompasses total environmental pollen diversity (ePD) (wind and animal and occasionally water distributed pollen) at multiple levels of diversity (genotypic, phenotypic, physiological, chemical, and functional) across space and time. This interdisciplinary approach holds the potential to contribute to pressing human issues, including addressing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, fostering social and political awareness of these tiny yet important and fascinating particles

Modelling anthropogenic aerosol sources and secondary organic aerosol formation: a wintertime study in central Europe

Anthropogenic aerosol particles remain a significant air quality concern in central Europe, particularly during winter months. This study employs the chemistry transport model COSMO–MUSCAT (COnsortium for Small scale MOdelling coupled with the MUltiScale Chemistry Aerosol Transport) to investigate particulate matter sources, with a focus on emissions from residential heating. The model results are compared with winter measurements from one site in Germany and two sites in the Czech Republic, where solid fuels are commonly used for heating. A non-reactive tagging method tracking primary organic matter (OM) reveals a high contribution from residential heating. Although the magnitude and temporal changes of the model results mostly agree with total OM values at two measuring stations, it appears to underestimate measurements at a site in the central Czech Republic. This underestimation is partly attributed to the inadequate representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) emitted from wood combustion. The study highlights the impact of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) on SOA formation, which are currently underrepresented in air quality models. Sensitivity tests adjusting SOA yields and AVOC emissions increase OM concentrations by up to 40 % at the measurement sites. These findings emphasise the need for accurate parameterisation of AVOC-derived SOA formation and residential heating emissions to better tackle wintertime air quality challenges in central Europe.</p

The efficacy of intrapartum fetal surveillance when fetal pulse oximetry is added to cardiotocography

Contains fulltext : 25033___.PDF (publisher's version ) (Open Access