Channel Modeling and Analysis for Radio Wave Propagation in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

VANET is the basic technology of Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII). Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is the network that is connecting a vehicle to the infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) via wireless manner to convey the information between them. Therefore analyzing influence such channels on the VANET system performance is crucial. This paper is conducted to model and analyze the channel for radio wave propagation with considering free space, two ray ground reflection and single knife edge diffraction. The received power, path loss and effect state of the communication sides whether is in moving stable are discussed. The direction of moving of the vehicles and location of obstacles are also taken into account for calculating the received power and path loss

Performance Analysis for Bit-Error-Rate of DS-CDMA Sensor Network Systems with Source Coding

One of the distinguished techniques used with wireless sensor networks to access the network is utilizing direct sequence-code division multiple access. However, amount of consumed energy and multiple access interference are still considered as the main problems with employing such networks. The consumed energy and interference are rising when number of users (receivers) increases. Therefore, this paper is conducted to investigate mitigating influence these factors through analyzing the minimum energy coding which exploits redundant bits for saving power with employing radio frequency link and on-off-keying modulation. These factors are analyzed and discussed for several levels of expected errors in the utilizing channel, through the bit error rates and amount of signal to noise ratio for different number of users.

Renal Artery Stenosis as a Cause of Acute Kidney Injury in a Post-kidney Transplant Patient

Introduction: The most common complication of kidney transplantation is allograft dysfunction, which can present as acute kidney injury (AKI). Here, we report a case of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) presenting with acute elevation in creatinine in concomitant with resistant hypertension. Case Presentation: A 69-year-old African American male with history of end stage renal disease status post living unrelated kidney transplant presented for evaluation of worsening kidney function. Past medical history included hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2, coronary artery disease. Physical exam was significant for blood pressure 164/85, bilateral crackles, lower extremities edema. Blood work showed creatinine 3..8 mg/dL (up from base line 2 mg/dL), BUN 69 mg/dL. Doppler Ultrasound of transplant kidney showed anastomotic luminal stenosis. His hypertension remained refractory to multiple antihypertensive medications. Patient underwent renal artery angiogram with primary stenting of transplanted renal artery. The creatinine improved to 3.4 mg/dL. His blood pressures were also under-controlled with oral medications. Patient was discharged with creatinine of 3.3 mg/dL and improved to 3.1 mg/dL at his 1-week follow-up with transplant specialist. Discussion: Common causes of allograft dysfunction include acute tubular necrosis, acute rejection, infection, urinary obstruction. TRAS is a less common cause but should be suspected among patients with concomitant hypertension. Renal arteriography with potential angioplasty and stenting is gold-standard diagnosis and treatment of choice for TRAS. However, this procedure involves IV contrast, which can potentially worsen kidney function. Therefore, risk and benefit of pursuing work-up for TRAS should be considered carefully and always start with non-invasive alternatives

Disparities in registration and use of an online patient portal among older adults: findings from the LitCog cohort

(C) The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved.Financial disclosure: This project was supported by the National Institute on Aging (R01 AG030611), the National Center for Research Resources (5UL1RR025741), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (Grant 8UL1TR000150). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Smith is currently supported by a Cancer Research UK Fellowship

Mitigation of CO₂ emissions from the road passenger transport sector in Bahrain

There is much optimism that the 2015 Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention will yield an agreement on mitigation of climate change, to become effective in 2020. In this context, Bahrain represents a developing country with insufficient data to assess mitigation opportunities: its per capita carbon emissions rank among the world’s highest, yet there has been no research on the reduction potential of its rapidly growing transport sector. We examine this reduction potential and the costs of various mitigation measures and, further, explore barriers and the view of policymakers and experts. Potential benefits of combined mitigation scenarios are also identified based on their acceptability. We adopt a modified participatory method to develop the scenarios, using the long-range energy alternative planning (LEAP) modelling system, and find that an integrated policy approach can deliver a 23 % reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, costing 108 United States dollars per avoided metric tonne, with politically acceptable scenarios. Better performance, however, would require less acceptable approaches. These findings are significant for decision-making in Bahrain and other Gulf Cooperation Council countries; national target preparation and the setting of fuel economy standards should be begun promptly. We offer lessons to other developing countries on the timely regulation of technical specifications and numbers of passenger vehicles. Participatory approaches to the assessment of mitigation measures can advance environmentally effective, economically feasible and politically acceptable scenarios. The global community can use these results to provide necessary technical and financial assistance to developing countries

Knowledge and practice of adults towards different weight loss methods

INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become a major public health issue worldwide. This study assessed knowledge and practices regarding various pharmacological and non-pharmacological weight loss approaches among 393 adults in Iraq. METHODS: A questionnaire captured data on weight methods used, knowledge of treatable conditions, adverse effects, safety, efficacy, and challenges with long-term adherence. RESULTS: Most participants were obese (64%), female (68%) with mainly being young age groups (18-29) and they were aware (93%) about their weight. Most participants were actively trying methods like fasting/intermittent fasting (20-26%), low-carbohydrates (36%), and exercise to lose weight (39%), driven by health and aesthetic concerns. Understanding of obesity-related diseases, reversible side effects, and medical supervision needs was reasonable. However, crucial knowledge gaps existed regarding nutritional adequacy and unrealistic expectations of sustained weight loss without professional support. The most well-known approaches were intermittent fasting (20-26%), reduced carbohydrate intake (36%) and increased exercise (38.9%). Key information sources were the internet (70%), nutrition specialists (33%), and family/friends (28-29%), rather than formal healthcare providers. Around 60% correctly identified weight reduction and comorbidity prevention as the main goals, though 15% wrongly assumed blood sugar control in non-diabetics. CONCLUSION: These participants were highly concerned about their weight with minimal knowledge and themselves trying different methods to minimise the health impact of obesity; mainly fasting and exercise and participants confirmed that these are safer than other options