Gaining a better understanding of the types of organizational culture to manage suffering at work

Organizational culture is a central concept in research due to its importance in organizational functioning and suffering of employees. To better manage suffering, it is necessary to better understand the intrinsic characteristics of each type of culture and also its relationships with the environment. In this study, we used the multiple regression analysis to analyze the capacity of eight environment variables, five business strategies, and eight organizational competencies to predict the presence of Clan, Market, and Hierarchy cultures (Cameron and Quinn, 1999) in a subsample of Spanish managers (n(1) = 362) and a subsample of Peruvian managers (n(2) = 1,317). Contrary to what most of the literature suggests, we found almost no relationship between the environmental variables and the culture types. Strategy and competencies, in contrast, do have a significant predictive capacity, showing 9 links with the Clan culture, 7 with the Hierarchy culture, and 10 with the Market culture. In conclusion, this study has found the important characteristics of the types of organizational culture that could be useful to better manage the suffering of employees

IMPACT-Global Hip Fracture Audit: Nosocomial infection, risk prediction and prognostication, minimum reporting standards and global collaborative audit. Lessons from an international multicentre study of 7,090 patients conducted in 14 nations during the COVID-19 pandemic

AIMS: This international study aimed to assess: 1) the prevalence of preoperative and postoperative COVID-19 among patients with hip fracture, 2) the effect on 30-day mortality, and 3) clinical factors associated with the infection and with mortality in COVID-19-positive patients. METHODS: A multicentre collaboration among 112 centres in 14 countries collected data on all patients presenting with a hip fracture between 1(st) March-31(st) May 2020. Demographics, residence, place of injury, presentation blood tests, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, time to surgery, management, ASA grade, length of stay, COVID-19 and 30-day mortality status were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 7090 patients were included, with a mean age of 82.2 (range 50-104) years and 4959 (70%) being female. Of 651 (9.2%) patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 225 (34.6%) were positive at presentation and 426 (65.4%) became positive postoperatively. Positive COVID-19 status was independently associated with male sex (odds ratio (OR) 1.38, p=0.001), residential care (OR 2.15, p<0.001), inpatient fall (OR 2.23, p=0.003), cancer (OR 0.63, p=0.009), ASA grade 4-5 (OR 1.59, p=0.008; OR 8.28, p<0.001), and longer admission (OR 1.06 for each increasing day, p<0.001). Patients with COVID-19 at any time had a significantly lower chance of 30-day survival versus those without COVID-19 (72.7% versus 92.6%, p<0.001). COVID-19 was independently associated with an increased 30-day mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR) 2.83, p<0.001). Increasing age (HR 1.03, p=0.028), male sex (HR 2.35, p<0.001), renal disease (HR 1.53, p=0.017), and pulmonary disease (HR 1.45, p=0.039) were independently associated with a higher 30-day mortality risk in patients with COVID-19 when adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of COVID-19 in hip fracture patients during the first wave of the pandemic was 9%, and was independently associated with a three-fold increased 30-day mortality risk. Among COVID-19-positive patients, those who were older, male, with renal or pulmonary disease had a significantly higher mortality risk

Emergence et organisation de marchés locaux de service environnementaux

INRA-ESR Toulouse Série R ; 2000-02R ; Programme de recherche sur les emplois du développement durable. Projet de Recherche, 3 Diffusion du document : INRA Unité d'Economie et Sociologie rurales Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville BP 27 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex (FRA) ; (Côte : F4 656) 2000-02RCette recherche concerne l'émergence et l'organisation de marchés de services visant à la fourniture de biens environnementaux localisés et plus particulièrement en milieu rural. L'objet de la recherche est d'éclairer les processus de la construction sociale des marchés de services environnementaux localisés et des marchés du travail qui leur sont liés. Ce rapport comprend trois parties. En premier lieu, on rappelle les grandes lignes de la problématique et de la méthodologie de la recherche concernant l'émergence et l'organisation de marchés locaux de services environnementaux. Ensuite les études de cas réalisées sont présentées. Enfin, une analyse synthétique traite ce matériau. Il s'agit notamment de mettre en lumière la variété des dynamiques locales de projets soutenus par des fonds publics, qui conduisent à la mise en place de marchés locaux de services environnementaux

Emergence et organisation de marchés locaux de service environnementaux

INRA-ESR Toulouse Série R ; 2000-02R ; Programme de recherche sur les emplois du développement durable. Projet de Recherche, 3 Diffusion du document : INRA Unité d'Economie et Sociologie rurales Chemin de Borde Rouge Auzeville BP 27 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex (FRA) ; (Côte : F4 656) 2000-02RCette recherche concerne l'émergence et l'organisation de marchés de services visant à la fourniture de biens environnementaux localisés et plus particulièrement en milieu rural. L'objet de la recherche est d'éclairer les processus de la construction sociale des marchés de services environnementaux localisés et des marchés du travail qui leur sont liés. Ce rapport comprend trois parties. En premier lieu, on rappelle les grandes lignes de la problématique et de la méthodologie de la recherche concernant l'émergence et l'organisation de marchés locaux de services environnementaux. Ensuite les études de cas réalisées sont présentées. Enfin, une analyse synthétique traite ce matériau. Il s'agit notamment de mettre en lumière la variété des dynamiques locales de projets soutenus par des fonds publics, qui conduisent à la mise en place de marchés locaux de services environnementaux

Emploi agricole, emploi rural : les cadres d'analyse à l'épreuve des dynamiques actuelles

National audienceLes auteurs caractérisent les évolutions récentes de l'emploi agricole et de l'emploi rural, et les confrontent aux cadres d'analyse utilisés par les chercheurs pour en rendre compte

Differential Impact of Genetic Loci on Age at Thelarche and Menarche in Healthy Girls

Abstract Context Recent genetic studies have identified genetic variants associated with age at pubertal onset. Whereas genome-wide association studies reported associations of several hundred genetic variants with timing of self-reported age at menarche, a recent clinical study focused on genetic variation affecting follicle-stimulating hormone action and clinically determined age at thelarche. The observations appear to be incongruent, as effect sizes varied substantially among the studies. Alternatively, this may point to a differential impact of specific genetic loci on distinct pubertal events. Objective To investigate whether top-candidate genetic variants exhibit a different impact on timing of thelarche vs menarche, respectively. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of healthy girls. Setting Population-based study in the Copenhagen area. Patients or Other Participants Girls (1478) were followed through puberty and genotyped for FSHB c.−211G&amp;gt;T (rs10835638), FSHR c.−29G&amp;gt;A (rs1394205), FSHR c.2039A&amp;gt;G (rs6116), LIN28B (rs7759938), INHA (rs4141153), MKRN3 (rs12148769), TMEM38B (rs10453225), and ZNF483 (rs10980921). Main Outcome Measures Clinical pubertal staging and anthropometric data. Results We observed an association of LIN28B (rs7759938) with age at thelarche (P &amp;lt; 0.001, effect size: 0.27 year, 95% confidence interval: 0.12 to 0.42) and age at menarche (P = 0.005, 0.17 year, 0.05 to 0.29). FSHB c.−211G&amp;gt;T (rs10835638) and FSHR c.−29G&amp;gt;A (rs1394205) minor allele count was associated with age at thelarche (P = 0.004, 0.19 year, 0.06 to 0.31) but not with age at menarche (P = 0.97; all adjusted for body mass index z scores). Conclusion Our results indicate a differential impact of specific genetic loci on age at thelarche and menarche in healthy girls. </jats:sec