End-functionalized glycopolymers as mimetics of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans

Glycosaminoglycans are sulfated polysaccharides that play important roles in fundamental biological processes, such as cell division, viral invasion, cancer and neuroregeneration. The multivalent presentation of multiple glycosaminoglycan chains on proteoglycan scaffolds may profoundly influence their interactions with proteins and subsequent biological activity. However, the importance of this multivalent architecture remains largely unexplored, and few synthetic mimics exist for probing and manipulating glycosaminoglycan activity. Here, we describe a new class of end-functionalized ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) polymers that mimic the native-like, multivalent architecture found on chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans. We demonstrate that these glycopolymers can be readily integrated with microarray and surface plasmon resonance technology platforms, where they retain the ability to interact selectively with proteins. ROMP-based glycopolymers are part of a growing arsenal of chemical tools for probing the functions of glycosaminoglycans and for studying their interactions with proteins

Chemoenzymatic Probes for Detecting and Imaging Fucose-α(1-2)-galactose Glycan Biomarkers

The disaccharide motif fucose-α(1-2)-galactose (Fucα(1-2)Gal) is involved in many important physiological processes, such as learning and memory, inflammation, asthma, and tumorigenesis. However, the size and structural complexity of Fucα(1-2)Gal-containing glycans have posed a significant challenge to their detection. We report a new chemoenzymatic strategy for the rapid, sensitive detection of Fucα(1-2)Gal glycans. We demonstrate that the approach is highly selective for the Fucα(1-2)Gal motif, detects a variety of complex glycans and glycoproteins, and can be used to profile the relative abundance of the motif on live cells, discriminating malignant from normal cells. This approach represents a new potential strategy for biomarker detection and expands the technologies available for understanding the roles of this important class of carbohydrates in physiology and disease

Studies On The Effect Of Natural Antioxdant On The Copper And Zinc Accumulation On The Silkworm, Bombyx Moril.

The best-known type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.). Silkworm totally depends on mulberry leaves for survival.Silkworm fed with good quality mulberry leaves enriched with micronutrients in optimum quantity, results in successful seed cocoon production. Several heavy metals are essential micronutrients for plants but they can damage the plant growth, if they exceed threshold of phytotoxicity. Heavy metals containing industrial effluents and municipal waste water are also being used to irrigate agricultural land. Zn is commonly detected in industrial traceeffluents and municipal waste waters. It has an ability to be accumulated in plants and water. Among micronutrients copper and zinc play a vital role in silkworm growth.Heavy metals may oxidative stress to the mulberry plant. So to reduce oxidative stress tried to prepare high antioxidant rich food used as ingredient in natural diet.Antioxidants offer resistance against oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipids peroxidation etc. Studies regarding the catalase activity showed that it was widely distributed in various tissues of B. mori larvae. They also detected a relatively high activity in the fat body. Antioxidant enzymes and small molecular weight antioxidant perform an effective response against oxidant in insect. Hence the present investigation was carried out on the oral supplementation of natural antioxidant(rice meal, wheat meal, corn meal and aloe vera gel) on copper and zinc accumulation in haemolymph, muscle and silk gland of B.morilarvae

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO VALIDATE THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND TO EVOLVE THE DIAGNOSTIC METHODOLOGY OF SIRAKKAMBA VATHAM THROUGH SIDDHA DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

Sirakamba vatham is a clinical entity described by Sage Yugi in his treatise Yugi Vaithiya Chinthamani- 800, as one among the 80 types of Vatha diseases described in Siddha system of medicine. The study was aimed at in depth analysis of the clinical features mentioned under Sirakamba vatham of Siddha literature and to evolve standard Siddha diagnostic methods for management for Sirakamba vatham. This study was an observational, single center study with the sample size of 26, divided into Group I (control group) having normal individuals and group II (cases with Sirakkamba vatham). At the end of the study, it was concluded, that the symptoms of Sirakkamba vatham closely resembled the symptoms of Cerebro Vascular Accident especially of posterior circulation stroke

Fetomaternal outcomes in pregnancy complicated by epilepsy: a retrospective study

Background: This study is conducted to find out possible course and complications of epilepsy and its treatment in mother and fetus as many women will be anxious regarding this high-risk condition.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, AIMS Kochi from 2012-2019. Out of a total of 7045 deliveries during that period, we identified 64 patients with epilepsy complicating pregnancy. Antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum details of 57 patients whose data was available in electronic medical records was collected and analysed using SPSS 17 software.Results: In this study we noted that the incidence of epilepsy was 0.009%. the 50% of patients were in 25-30 years age group. More than 98% were on long term antiepileptic drugs. Majority were on monotherapy, most commonly on leviteracetam and were well controlled with monotherapy. The 38.5% had recurrence of seizures during pregnancy, mostly in latter half of pregnancy. Patients with seizure free interval of 9 months prior to pregnancy did not have any further epilepsy episodes. The incidence of other medical and obstetric complications was found to be similar to general population. There was 10% incidence of IUGR and fetal anomaly.Conclusions: The seizures were well controlled with monotherapy and we found that generally pregnancy and delivery is well tolerated and overall neonatal outcomes were good

Prediction of Indoor Air Quality in a School Building Using Risk Model

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Influence of Probiotic Food on the Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Gold Fish (Carassius auratus)

This study was conducted at the Postgraduate Department of Zoology, Sree Narayana College, Nattika, Insia. Twenty juvenile goldfish were randomly placed in two groups: a control group (n = 10) and an experimental group (n = 10), and acclimatized in the laboratory for one week prior to the experiment. The control group were fed a basal diet of fish meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, and rice flour., while the experimental group were fed a combination of the basal diet and probiotic food (curd) at a dosage of 4 g per day. The fish were kept in aerated and dechlorinated freshwater at a temperature range of 20-25°C and a pH of 7.4, and fed once daily in the morning, over an 8-week period. Mean Initial weight (MIW) for the Control fishes was 2.18g while the Mean Final weights (MFW) for the Control fishes were 2.88g. The MIW for the Experimental fishes fed with probiotics was 2.73g while the MFW was 4.1g. Survival rate was 50% for the Control fishes and 100% for the Experimental fishes fed