Proteomic Analysis of the Reproductive Organs of the Hermaphroditic Gastropod Lymnea stagnalis Exposed to Different Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Many studies have reported perturbations of mollusc reproduction following exposure to low concentrations (ng/L range) of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, the mechanisms of action of these molecules on molluscs are still poorly understood. Investigation of the modifications of protein expression in organisms exposed to chemicals using proteomic methods can provide a broader and more comprehensive understanding of adverse impacts of pollution on organisms than conventional biochemical biomarkers (e.g., heat-shock proteins, metallothioneins, GST, EROD). In this study we have investigated the impacts of four chemicals, which exhibit different endocrine disrupting properties in vertebrates, on the proteome of the hermaphroditic freshwater pulmonate gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis after 21 days of exposure. Testosterone, tributyltin, chlordecone and cyproterone acetate were chosen as tested compounds as they can induce adverse effects on the reproduction of this snail. The 2D-DIGE method was used to identify proteins whose expression was affected by these compounds. In addition to modifying the expression of proteins involved in the structure and function of the cytoskeleton, chemicals had impacts on the expression of proteins involved in the reproduction of L. stagnalis. Exposure to 19.2 μg/L of chlordecone increased the abundance of ovipostatin, a peptide transmitted during mating through seminal fluid, which reduces oviposition in this species. The expression of yolk ferritin, the vitellogenin equivalent in L. stagnalis, was reduced after exposure to 94.2 ng Sn/L of tributyltin. The identification of yolk ferritin and the modification of its expression in snails exposed to chemicals were refined using western blot analysis. Our results showed that the tested compounds influenced the abundance of yolk ferritin in the reproductive organs. Alteration in proteins involved in reproductive pathways (e.g., ovipostatin and yolk ferritin) could constitute relevant evidence of interaction of EDCs with reproductive pathways that are under the control of the endocrine system of L. stagnalis

Open-label, dose escalation, phase I/II study to assess safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and preliminary clinical activity of the therapeutic cancer vaccine PDC*lung01 with or without anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

PDC*line Pharma SA

An ESR, Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence microscopy approach to study the stearic acid derivatives anchoring in cells

peer reviewedLateral phase separations in biological membranes are of great interest, making Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy combined with spin labelling a non destructive and sensitive technique for the study of lipid rafts. This is currently accepted that spin probe localization is on the plasma membrane. However, no study confirms this hypothesis. Herein, we report, for the first time, an accurate multi spectral method for the quantification of lipid spin label presence in every sub-cellular fraction. Cells were incubated with 5-doxyl stearic acid derivative and then sub-fractionated. Results of our multimodal spectroscopy approach ubiquitously demonstrate that the presence of ESR spin label only sets in the plasma membranes