Regenerative agriculture for sustainable crop productivity: A comprehensive review

Regenerative Agriculture is a promising concept that aims to address the challenges posed by conventional farming methods, which often lead to soil degradation and reduced productivity over time. The ultimate goal of regenerative agriculture is to revitalize the soil and landscape while offering environmental, economic and social advantages to communities. Prioritizing soil health and carbon sequestration are the key principles of regenerative agriculture. These principles include maintaining soil cover, minimizing disturbance, sustaining living roots year-round, fostering species diversity, incorporating livestock, and reducing synthetic inputs such as herbicides and fertilizers. The implementation of crop diversification and rotation techniques is a key strategy in regenerative agriculture. These techniques promote the cycling of nutrients into the soil and enhance the diversity of soil microorganisms such as bacteria. Agroforestry, another component of regenerative agriculture, contributes to carbon sequestration by utilizing stable deep-rooted systems and storing carbon within plant biomass. However, the overall efficacy of these methods may vary in different environments. Potential limitations include the upper thresholds for carbon sequestration and increased nitrogen demand. Although there are challenges to be addressed, regenerative agriculture shows promise in improving soil quality, crop productivity, and overall farm economics. This represents a shift towards more sustainable and resilient farming practices that could benefit the environment and communities

Mechanism of Oxidation of ( p

The kinetics of oxidation of (phenylthio)acetic acid (PTAA) by N-Bromophthalimide (NBP) in acetonitrile-water solvent mixture at 298 K in the presence of perchloric acid has been followed potentiometrically. The reaction is first-order each in NBP and PTAA and inverse fractional-order in H+. Also, it has been found that the reaction rate is not affected by changes in ionic strength of the reaction medium or by the addition of chemicals such as phthalimide, acrylonitrile and potassium bromide. However, an increase in the water content of the solvent mixture causes an increase in the rate of reaction. These observations have been well analyzed in favour of a SN2-type mechanism, involving NBP itself as the reactive species. Effect of substituents on the reaction rate has been analysed by employing various (p-sustituted phenylthio)acetic acids. The electron-releasing substituent in the phenyl ring of PTAA accelerates the reaction rate while the electron-withdrawing substituent retards the rate. The excellently linear Hammett plot yields a large negative ρ value, supporting the involvement a bromosulphonium ion intermediate in the rate-determining step

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COVID-19 MEDICATIONS: A PRE-ADMISSION ANALYTICAL STUDY IN CORONA SCREENING CENTRE

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of newly diagnosed COVID-19 positive patients about the medications in the management of COVID-19 and and to evaluate their level of anxiety and the mental health status. METHODOLOGY :This observational study was done with newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients attending Outpatient Department of a Covid screening Centre, Chennai for a period of 2 months from November to December,2020. .Individuals who fullled the inclusion criteria were selected and they were assessed for their knowledge about medications in the management of COVID-19 using a questionnaire through telephonic conversation. Graph Pad prism 7 was used for descriptive analysis.kruskal wallis test was used to to compare and determine which group dominates the other. RESULTS : Majority of patients were having adequate knowledge about COVID-19 through mass media(48%)and Health care workers(35%). Higher educational status of participants were associated with better knowledge scores(p&lt;0.01).All participants were having &lt;3 in Covid severity scoring. Of the total 200 patients, high proportion of patients were aware of kabasura kudineer and multivitamin tablets containing zinc supplements as they were issued to them by healthcare workers .Among them 39% answered that siddha medicines are the best choice in the management of COVID-19 and 55%answered that taking multivitamin tablets containing zinc supplements aids in the improvement of health status. About 35% were aware of antibiotics such as Azithromycin and 19% of patients answered that there is no need of any medications for COVID-19.Few invalid responses related to the use of herbal food products like garlic were noted. Using GAD-7 scoring, among the newly diagnosed COVID-19 positive patients, 69% felt anxious. CONCLUSION: As COVID-19 is a pandemic, it is essential to improve the knowledge about medications among general public for proper management of illness. Most of the participants are having average knowledge about basic management of the illness, which reects the responsibilities and steps taken by Health care workers, government and media.</jats:p

k-Zumkeller Graphs through Splitting of Graphs

Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph with vertex set V and edges set E.  A 1−1 function f : V → N is said to induce a k-Zumkeller graph G if the induced edge function f ∗ : E → N defined by f ∗(xy) = f(x)f(y) satisfies the following conditions: f ∗(xy) is a Zumkeller number for every xy ∈ E. The total distinct Zumkeller numbers on the edges of G is k. In this article, we compute k-Zumkeller graphs through the graph splitting operation on path, cycle and star graphs