Manual de árvore hiperbólica.

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A new approach for performing contamination control bakeouts in JPL thermal vacuum test chambers

Contamination control requirements for the Wide Field/Planetary Camera II (WF/PC II) are necessarily stringent to protect against post-launch contamination of the sensitive optical surfaces, particularly the cold charge coupled device (CCD) imaging surfaces. Typically, thermal vacuum test chambers have employed a liquid nitrogen (LN2) cold trap to collect outgassed contaminants. This approach has the disadvantage of risking recontamination of the test article from shroud offgassing during post-test warmup of the chamber or from any shroud warming of even a few degrees during the bakeout process. By using an enclave, essentially a chamber within a chamber, configured concentrically and internally within an LN2 shroud, a method was developed, based on a design concept by Taylor, for preventing recontamination of test articles during bakeouts and subsequent post-test warmup of the vacuum chamber. Enclaves for testing WF/PC II components were designed and fabricated, then installed in three of JPL's Environmental Test Lab chambers. The design concepts, operating procedures, and test results of this development are discussed

Uso de regras de associação para enriquecer o suporte do planejamento agrícola municipal: estudo de caso.

As técnicas de mineração de dados são úteis para explorar padrões em grandes banco de dados, subsidiando novos conhecimentos. Essas técnicas tem sido usadas com sucesso em diversas áreas, da comercial a científica. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo de caso em Taquarituba-SP, onde os dados das propriedades rurais foram coletados e submetidos à regras de associação, uma das tarefa da mineração de dados . A eficiência desta tarefa evidenciará novas informações para os municípios, destacando pontos fortes e fracos e enriquecerá os subsídios para o planejamento rural municipal.SBIAgro 2009

Organização de informações agrícolas e socioeconômicas para subsidiar o planejamento agrícola municipal.

A falta de informações estruturadas tem sido um fator crítico para o suporte ao planejamento agrícola municipal. A carência dessas informações dificulta não somente o processo de tomada de decisão em atividades agrícolas, mas também a organização de ações municipais para uma exploração mais racional do uso das terras. Para abordar esse problema, este artigo apresenta o Planeja, um sistema desenvolvido para organizar as informações agrícolas e socioeconômicas dos municípios brasileiros. Essas informações serão úteis para auxiliar agentes locais no planejamento de atividades agrícolas e na análise de oportunidades e ameaças dos cenários em que se encontram. A adoção deste sistema é facilitada em termos de custo e operação, já que foi desenvolvido usando software livre para o ambiente Web e sua implantação pode ser feita a partir de um microcomputador com acesso à Internet.SBIAgro 2009

Sistema de informação para rastreamento de pescado.

A rastreabilidade de peixes confere segurança para quem compra ou comercializa o pescado. Para que seja possível esta rastreabilidade ser usada pela sociedade, é necessário que exista algum repositório de dados que contenha, por exemplo, todo o histórico do pescado, tais como espécie, procedência, manejo, análise físico-química, biológica e microbiológica da água, características diversas relacionadas à carne e couro, e vários outros dados. Com isto, podem ser conhecidas várias características, incluindo a rastreabilidade, para se decidir sobre compra e venda de pescados de qualidade

Proposta de método para seleção de indicador de risco de incêndio por região.

Descreve-se um método que, a partir de dados diários de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do vento, temperatura de ponto de orvalho, precipitação, insolação e quantidade de focos de incêndio, determina qual o melhor método a ser usado, entre cinco, para o cálculo de risco de incêndio na região em questão. A partir dos métodos: Fórmula de Monte Alegre (FMA), FMA Modificado (FMA+), Nesterov, Telicyn e Angstron, o sistema seleciona o que melhor prediz o risco de incêndio, além de, quando possível, determinar um fator para melhorar oresultado à região alvo, utilizando análise estatística dos erros. Os resultados do método podem sair em html ou em arquivo csv (comma separated values). This paper describes a method that choose the best method to calculate the fire risk index for region, among: FMA, FMA+, Nesterov, Telicyn and Angstron. The inputs of this system are temperature and moisture from the air, wind velocity, dew point temperature, rainfall, solar radiation and fire focus number. The selection of the best index is made by statistical analysis of errors and by multiply the best equation by additional equation. With the best method, the system try to improve the result adding an equation (adjustment factor) to the method. The results of this system can be html format or csv (comma separated values) file.bitstream/item/56912/1/BP113-lancado.pd

Simultaneous ranging and self-positioning in unsynchronized wireless acoustic sensor networks

Automatic ranging and self-positioning is a very desirable property in wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs) where nodes have at least one microphone and one loudspeaker. However, due to environmental noise, interference and multipath effects, audio-based ranging is a challenging task. This paper presents a fast ranging and positioning strategy that makes use of the correlation properties of pseudo-noise (PN) sequences for estimating simultaneously relative time-of-arrivals (TOAs) from multiple acoustic nodes. To this end, a proper test signal design adapted to the acoustic node transducers is proposed. In addition, a novel self-interference reduction method and a peak matching algorithm are introduced, allowing for increased accuracy in indoor environments. Synchronization issues are removed by following a BeepBeep strategy, providing range estimates that are converted to absolute node positions by means of multidimensional scaling (MDS). The proposed approach is evaluated both with simulated and real experiments under different acoustical conditions. The results using a real network of smartphones and laptops confirm the validity of the proposed approach, reaching an average ranging accuracy below 1 centimeter.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under Grant TIN2015-70202-P, TEC2012-37945-C02-02 and FEDER funds

Electro-anatomical mapping of the left atrium before and after cryothermal balloon isolation of the pulmonary veins

Introduction: The 28 mm cryoballoon catheter is a device used for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of the ablation in the antral regions of the left atrium. Methods and Results: Eighteen patients with drug refractory, symptomatic, paroxysmal AF were enrolled. A 3D electroanatomic reconstruction of the left atrium was made before and after successful PVI with the 28 mm cryoballoon. Markers were placed at the ostium. Sixteen patients were mapped. Fourteen patients had 4 veins each, and 2 patients had a common ostium of the left sided veins. All separate ostia were isolated in the antral region. The two common ostia showed ostial isolation. There was a significant difference in vein size between the common (29 and 31 mm) and the separate ostia (19∈±∈4 mm) (p∈<∈0.01). The performance of an additional segmental ablation if balloon PVI did not eliminate all electrical activity, did not influence the extent of the ablation. The earliest left atrial activation during sinus rhythm was located in the superior septal region before ablation in all patients. After ablation, two patients showed a substantial downward shift towards the middle and inferior septal region respectively (NS). Four patients demonstrated a slight downward shift of the first activation. Conclusions: In cryoballoon PVI, the majority of the veins undergo antral isolation. Veins with a diameter larger than the balloon, are isolated ostially. In individual cases, the left atrial activation sequence appears to be altered after ablation

Photoluminescent properties of ZrO2: Tm3+, Tb3+, Eu3+ powdersd-A combined experimental and theoretical study

Rare-earth (RE) element-based materials for optical applications have received increasing attention owing to the emission properties of RE ions, which render these materials suitable for use in color displays, lasers, and solid-state lighting. In the present work, ZrO2:RE (RE = Tm3+, Tb3+, and Eu3+) powders were obtained via complex polymerization, and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence measurements. The XRD patterns and Raman spectra revealed the tetragonal phase of ZrO2 co-doped with up to 4 mol.% RE3+ and stabilization of the cubic phase, for up to 8 mol.% RE3+. In addition, the photoluminescence measurements revealed simultaneous emissions in the blue (477 nm), green (496.02 nm and 548.32 nm), and red-orange (597.16 nm and 617.54 nm) regions. These emissions result from the Tm3+, Tb 3+, and Eu3+ ions, respectively. Energy transfers, such as 1G4 levels (Tm3+) → 5D4 (Tb3+) and 5D4 levels (Tb3+) → 5D0 (Eu3+), occurred during the emission process. Calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed, to complement the experimental data. The results revealed that structural order/disorder effects were generated in the cubic and tetragonal ZrO2 phases in the ZrO2:Eu3+ powders, and changes in the electronic structure were manifested as a decrease in the band gap values. The chromaticity coordinates of all the samples were determined from the PL spectrum. The coordinates, x = 0.34 and y = 0.34, of the ZrO2:8%RE sample corresponded to a point located in the white region of the CIE diagram and color correlated temperature (CCT) was found to be 5181 K. More importantly, the present results indicate that ZrO2:RE powders constitute promising photoluminescent materials for use in new lighting devices.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Brazilian governmental research funding agencies CAPES, CNPq 402127/2013-7, FAPESP2013/07296-2 and INCTMN2008/57872-1

Assessment of oxidative damage to proteins and DNA in urine of newborn infants by a validated UPLC-MS/MS approach

The assessment of oxidative stress is highly relevant in clinical Perinatology as it is associated to adverse outcomes in newborn infants. This study summarizes results from the validation of an Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of the urinary concentrations of a set of endogenous biomarkers, capable to provide a valid snapshot of the oxidative stress status applicable in human clinical trials, especially in the field of Perinatology. The set of analytes included are phenylalanine (Phe), para-tyrosine (p-Tyr), ortho-tyrosine (o-Tyr), meta-tyrosine (m-Tyr), 3-NO2-tyrosine (3NO 2-Tyr), 3-Cl-tyrosine (3Cl-Tyr), 2′-deoxyguanosine (2dG) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Following the FDA-based guidelines, appropriate levels of accuracy and precision, as well as adequate levels of sensitivity with limits of detection (LODs) in the low nanomolar (nmol/L) range were confirmed after method validation. The validity of the proposed UPLC-MS/MS method was assessed by analysing urine samples from a clinical trial in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants randomized to be resuscitated with two different initial inspiratory fractions of oxygen