Improvement of post-fault performance of a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter.

This paper is focused on improving the post-fault performance of Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverters by decreasing the common mode voltage. First, an algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal post-fault state among all possible states which have the same maximum available voltage. Furthermore, a modified technique is proposed to calculate the references of inverter phase voltages under faulty conditions. This technique leads to a decrease in the common mode voltage when the required output voltage is less than its maximum value. These solutions are mutually employed in the post-fault control system. Simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solutions in comparison with the existing methods in different cases

Study of Leishmania pathogenesis in mice : experimental considerations

Although leishmaniases are endemic in 98 countries, they are still considered neglected tropical diseases. Leishmaniases are characterized by the emergence of new virulent and asymptomatic strains of Leishmania spp. and, as a consequence, by a very diverse clinical spectrum. To fight more efficiently these parasites, the mechanisms of host defense and of parasite virulence need to be thoroughly investigated. To this aim, animal models are widely used. However, the results obtained with these models are influenced by several experimental parameters, such as the mouse genetic background, parasite genotype, inoculation route/infection site, parasite dose and phlebotome saliva. In this review, we propose an update on their influence in the two main clinical forms of the disease: cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases

Use genetic modification indicator to increase the precision and accuracy of genomic analysis

Το υψηλό κόστος προσδιορισμού του γονότυπου και η χαμηλή ακρίβεια της αξιολόγησης σε μικρό αριθμό δειγμάτων γονότυπου όταν χρησιμοποιούνται γονιδιωματικά δεδομένα και γενετικοί δείκτες για την εκτέλεση γονιδιωματικών αξιολογήσεων είναι δύο σημαντικά προβλήματα. Η επίδραση των επιπέδων γενετικών δεικτών σε έναν πληθυσμό F2 που ελήφθη από αμφίδρομη διασταύρωση ιθαγενών κοτόπουλου Ιράν με χαμηλό ρυθμό ανάπτυξης και στελέχους κρέατος Arian με υψηλό ρυθμό ανάπτυξης διερευνήθηκε σε αυτή τη μελέτη προκειμένου να απομονωθούν SNPs με υψηλότερη επίδραση και να χρησιμοποιηθούν αυτοί οι δείκτες στη γονιδιωματική αξιολόγηση ως κατάλληλη μέθοδος διαλογής SNPs προκειμένου να αυξηθεί η ακρίβεια της αξιολόγησης και να μειωθεί το κόστος γονότυπου. Σε αυτή τη μελέτη, μελετήθηκε η ακρίβεια πρόβλεψης των τιμών διόρθωσης σε πέντε ομάδες δεικτών με διάφορα MAF, επιπλέον της απόδειξης της υπεροχής της προσέγγισης ssGBLUP έναντι της μεθόδου BLUP από τη μέθοδο 5-πλής διασταυρούμενης επικύρωσης (CV) στο ένα βήμα στρατηγική αξιολόγησης. Αυτή η ομάδα δεικτών (MAF 0,4 - 0,5) εισήχθη ως το καλύτερο επίπεδο αλληλικής συχνότητας για τη διεξαγωγή γονιδιωματικών αξιολογήσεων για το χαρακτηριστικό ανάπτυξης αφού τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η χρήση SNPs με αλληλική συχνότητα 0,4-0,5 σε καθεμία από τη δεύτερη έως την έβδομη εβδομάδα έδειξε υψηλότερη προγνωστική ακρίβεια από τις πληροφορίες όλων των SNP. Εκτός από την επιβολή χαμηλού κόστους γονότυπου, η χρήση SNP με αλληλική συχνότητα 0,4–0,5 και η ανάπτυξη τσιπ SNP χαμηλής πυκνότητας με δείκτες με τις προαναφερθείσες ιδιότητες μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για την αξιόπιστη αξιολόγηση ατόμων με βάση τη γενετική αξία.The high expense of genotype determination and the low accuracy of the evaluation in a small number of genotyped samples when using genomic data and genetic markers to perform genomic evaluations are two major problems. The effect of levels of genetic markers in an F2 population obtained from Two-way crossing of native Iran chicken with low growth rate and Arian meat strain with high growth rate was investigated in this study in order to isolate SNPs with higher effect and use these markers in genomic evaluation as a suitable method of screening SNPs in order to increase the accuracy of the evaluation and reduce genotyping costs. In this study, the prediction accuracy of correction values in five marker groups with various MAFs was studied in addition to demonstrating the superiority of the ssGBLUP approach over the BLUP method from the 5-fold cross-validation (CV) method in the single-step assessment strategy. This group of markers (MAF 0.4 - 0.5) was introduced as the best level of allelic frequency to perform genomic evaluations for the growth trait after the results showed that using SNPs with an allelic frequency of 0.4-0.5 in each of the second to seventh weeks showed higher predictive accuracy than the information of all SNPs. In addition to enforcing a low genotype cost, using SNPs with an allelic frequency of 0.4–0.5 and developing low-density SNP chips with markers with the aforementioned properties can be utilized to reliably evaluate individuals based on genetic merit

Maladie De Forestier Revelee Par Une Dysphagie A Propos De Deux Cas

La maladie de Forestier ou hyperostose ankylosante vertébrale engainante est un désordre musculo-squelettique non inflammatoire responsable d\'une ossification ligamentaire essentiellement du ligament longitudinal antérieur. Elle touche de préférence l\'homme de plus de 50 ans. La dysphagie est un symptôme rarement observé dans l\'évolution de la maladie de Forestier. Nous rapportons deux cas révélés par une dysphagie isolée. Il s\'agit de deux hommes âgés de 50 et 56 ans. Le diagnostic était radiologique. La radiographie standard du rachis a objectivé des ostéophytes du rachis cervical. Le transit oesogastroduodénal a montré une compression modérée de l\'oesophage cervical. Le traitement était médical reposant sur les anti inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et les antalgiques. Le traitement chirurgical est indiqué dans les cas de dysphagie sévère. Keywords: maladie de Forestier, hyperostose vertébrale, dysphagie. Journal Tunisien d\'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale Vol. 18 2007: pp. 55-5

Mechanical properties and durability assessment of nylon fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete

[EN] The higher paste volume in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) makes it susceptible to have a higher creep coefficient and cracking and has brittle nature. This brittle nature of concrete is unacceptable for any construction industry. The addition of fibers is one of the most prevalent methods to enhance the ductile and tensile behavior of concrete. Fibers reduce the cracking phenomena and improve the energy absorption capacity of the structure. Conversely, the addition of fibers has a negative impact on the workability of fresh concrete. In this research work, a detailed investigation of the influence of Nylon fibers (NFs) on fresh properties, durability, and mechanical properties of SCC was carried out. NFs were added into concrete mixes in a proportion of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by weight of cement to achieve the research objectives. Durability assessment of modified SCC having Nylon fibers was performed using water absorption, permeability, carbonation resistance, and acid attack resistant. Mechanical tests (compressive and tensile) were conducted for modified as well as control mix. Test results indicate that the passing and filling ability decreased while segregation and bleeding resistance increased with NFs. Furthermore, test results showed a significant increase in strength up to 1.5% addition of nylon fibers and then strength decreases gradually. Durability parameters were significantly improved with the incorporation of NFs relative to the control mix. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of using nylon fibers in self-compacting concrete with improved durability and mechanical properties.SIThe author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through group research program under grant number RGP. 1/100/42 and Taif University Researchers Supporting Project (number TURSP- 2020/276), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabi

An Innovative Method for Damping the Seismic Waves on Pile Foundations Using A Mixture of Rubber-Binder Jacketing

Earthquakes are sudden and unpredictable natural activity that causes severe damage. As a result of the increasing seismic activity in Iraq, it has become necessary to conduct a study on the impact of earthquakes and methods of damping them. Since traditional seismic damping methods for construction are very expensive, alternative solutions are necessary. Therefore, this research proposes a new damping method that depends on surrounding the piles with rubber crumbs, as the rubber works to dampen the seismic force before it reaches the piles before moving to the structure. This method is considered a type of sustainability. The study included a set of variables, including (the thickness of the rubber that surrounds the piles, and the position of placing the rubber that sleeved the piles). The tests were carried out using the shaking table device. The results showed that surrounding the piles with rubber gave distinct results in damping the seismic force and it is considered an easy damping method due to its ease of implementation, as well as its economic feasibility. The results showed for the models that surround the rubber in the upper part of the pile, an increase in the values of the acceleration of the structure and a decrease in the values of the movement speed of the structure, the values of the lateral displacement of the structure. The models in which the rubber surrounds the middle and bottom part of the pile, the results were close to the reference model

Composición química de aceites de oliva virgen de la variedad Chamlali en relación con el método de propagación del olivo

This paper reports for the first time a discrimination study based on the antioxidant compounds, oxidative stability and volatile compounds of virgin olive oil samples obtained from fruits of the main Tunisian olive cultivar (Chemlali) using two methods of olive tree propagation (suckers and cuttings). There were significant differences between the oils from the two methods. Olive oil samples obtained from the fruits of trees from suckers had a higher content of oleic acid (63.8%), higher contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids (3.01 mg/ kg and 1.9 mg/kg respectively), a higher content of (E)-2 hexenal (66.1%) and a higher content in total phenols (890 mg/kg). Interestingly, more stable oil was obtained from the olives from suckers compared to the olives from cuttings. These results can be used to discriminate and to characterize the Chemlali olive oils from each origin of olive tree.En este trabajo se presenta por primera vez un estudio de discriminación basado en compuestos antioxidantes, estabilidad oxidativa y compuestos volátiles de muestras de aceites de oliva virgen obtenidos de frutos de la principal variedad de aceitunas tunecinas (Chemlali) a partir de dos métodos de propagación del olivo (chupones y estaquillas herbáceas). Se han encontrado diferencias significativas entre los aceites obtenidos por los dos métodos. Las muestras de aceites de oliva obtenidas de frutos de árboles de chupones tenían una mayor proporción de ácido oleico (63,8%), un mayor contenido de clorofila y de carotenoides (3,01 mg/kg y 1,9 mg/kg, respectivamente), un mayor contenido de (E)-2 hexenal (66,1%) y un mayor contenido en fenoles totales (890 mg/kg). Curiosamente, el aceite más estable se ha obtenido de las aceitunas de árboles de chupones, en comparación con las aceitunas de árboles de estaquillas herbáceas. Estos resultados pueden ser utilizados para discriminar y caracterizar los aceites de oliva Chamlali según el origen del olivo