Influence of pelvic osteotomy on birth canal size

Six pelvic osteotomies (Salter, Sutherland, Steel, Tönnis, Chiari, and periacetabular) were performed on the right hemipelvis of adult female pelvic plastic models. Each pelvis underwent conventional X-ray and computed tomographic digital pelvimetry before and after osteotomy. The change in the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions at the inlet, midpelvis, and outlet were calculated. None of the osteotomies significantly decreased the inlet. The Salter and Sutherland osteotomies decreased the midpelvis to borderline low. The Salter, Sutherland, and Steel osteotomies significantly decreased the pelvic outlet. These changes correlated closely with those in living patients. Much of this decrease is nullified when the osteotomy is performed prior to the pubertal growth spurt.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47232/1/402_2004_Article_BF00451876.pd

Sludge Treatment Technology and Ionizing Radiation

The application of radiation hygienization of sludges in sewage works can be affected by secondary effects of this process. The change of the colloidal system of liquid sludges by irradiation results in an improvement of their thickening capacity, but at the same time produces an increase in the demand for polymer flocculants for the conditioning of sludges prior to their dewatering. The irradiation dose of 3 kGy decreases the concentration of Salmonella senf. by at least 6 orders, and at the same time the reinfection of the sludges by prolonged storage is suppressed. Two years of field tests showed higher potato and barley yields with irradiated sludges compared with non-irradiated sludges. The economic evaluation demonstrated under Czechoslovak conditions the suitability of the use of electron accelerators as radiation sources and the introduction of ionizing radiation behind the mechanical sludge dewatering process.</jats:p