Magnetohydrodynamic electroosmotic flow of Maxwell fluids with Caputo–Fabrizio derivatives through circular tubes

Unsteady flows of an incompressible Maxwell fluid with Caputo–Fabrizio time-fractional derivatives through a circular tube are studied. Flows are generated by an axial oscillating pressure gradient. The influence of a magnetic field, perpendicular on the flow direction, and of an axial electric field are considered. Solutions for the velocity and temperature fields are obtained by combining the Laplace transform with respect to the time variable t, and the finite Hankel transform with respect to the radial variable r. Influences of the order of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional time-derivative and the pertinent system parameters on the fluid flow and heat transfer performance were analyzed numerically by using the Mathcad software. Results show that the fluid velocity and the associated heat transfer modeled by fractional derivatives are quite distinct from those of the ordinary fluids. The fluid velocity and the thermal performance in cylindrical tubes can be controlled by regulating the fractional derivative parameter

Isi dan kelengkapan rumah tangga tradisional daerah Sumatera Selatan

Tujuan dari penulisan buku ini adalah untuk mengetahui isi dan kelengkapan rumah tangga tradisional menurut tujuan, fungsi dan kegunaan di Sumatera Selatan khususnya Kabupaten Musi Banyu Asin sebagai sample. Di samping itu benda-benda pokok dan kelengkapan apa saja yang menjadi kebutuhan rumah tangga tradisional pada suku bangsa itu. Dengan demikian sikap konsumtif setiap individu terhadap isi dan kelengkapan rumah tangga yang dimilikinya akan dapat tercerminkan. Tim penelitian dalam hal ini membatasi penelitiannya pada dua desa dalam satu kecamatan. Satu desanya dianggap masih murni, sedangkan desa yang satu Iagi sudah merupakan desa yang terpengaruh. Yang menjadi ruang lingkup operasional antara lain, dusun Epil dari marga Epil dan dusun Danau Cala dari Marga Teluk Kijing

Metal shape detection and evaluation using giant magneto resistance system

Visual inspection to locate metals embedded in walls or floors is impractical. Detection of these metals can only be done with a proper metal detection. Accordingly, the development of a magnetic imaging system based on giant magneto-resistance (GMR) sensors is presented for metal shape detection. This system is based on magnetic flux leakage testing (MFLT) principle for detecting the shape of ferromagnetic material specimens. The imaging system is constructed using 21 linear GMR sensors array as signals sensing unit (SSU). In this study, a few ferromagnetic SS400 mild steels specimens in various shapes are used as specimens. Image produced confirm system functionality in detecting and evaluating metal shapes

MHD squeezing flow of nanoliquid on a porous stretched surface: numerical study

This work is aimed at conducting a comparative study between two base fluids water as well as ethylene glycol along with nanoparticle (oxide aluminium). Analysis is done for determining unsteadiness between two parallel walls, wherein squeezing of upper wall towards lower is done, while porous stretching surface is lower. The mathematical formulation uses constitutive expression pertaining to viscous nanoliquids. By keeping a variable magnetic field, conduction of nanoliquid is done electrically. The partial differential equations concerning the issue were resolved after transforming to ordinary differential equations by employing forth-fifth Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method. The effect of disparity in various parameters pertaining to temperature, velocity and concentration profile of nanoparticle is first plotted and then tabulated. Based on the obtained results, the velocity field was seen to enhance with rise in squeezing parameter values. Squeezing parameters that possess larger values result in decrease in temperature and concentration profiles of nanoparticles. The heat transfer of nanoliquids was seen to improve with squeezing flow, magnetic field parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction. For the rate of skin friction pertaining to ethylene glycol and water, dominance was seen for magnetic parameter M, suction parameter S and nanoparticle volume fraction parameter

The Ecological Impacts of Light Pollution at Night-time a Mechanistic Appraisal

Artificial light at night and its negative consequences are of great interest in the fields of Ecology, Human Geography Astronomy, and Human Health. Most of the studies to date concentrated on the influences of light pollution has on our ability to view the night sky, on biodiversity, and ecosystems. Though, in recent years, with the use of new technologies sensors, which provide accurate information for determining of night lights at the area, most consideration were given for estimating artificial light at night within the urban areas. In this study, urban night lights within the cities of Nigeria was evaluated by monitoring data from the ground measurements using Sky Quality Meter (SQM-LU-DL) devices. Besides, the SQM was used at the zenith (upward direction) for maximum evaluating of artificial light at the sites. Differences in night sky brightness were found between the observation sites with the brightest values measured in the upward direction (20.14 to 22.00 magsqm arcsec−2) as the SQM measurements were influenced by surface albedo, this was due to the reflection of solar radiation during the day by the earth's surface; and the other sources that exposed direct lights from buildings and car lamps, while in some locations the upwards direction represented skyglow. Cluster analysis result has shown that some places are more ecological friendly especially for migrating birds and other nocturnal animals. GIS software was used to group the data according to the data obtained during the monitoring. The result showed tha, the area with a dark color in the map indicated the darkest region of the study area and the bright areas on GIS map image were associated with areas of high use of artificial light and high albedo. This study provides a clear view for the assessing the sky condition and can serve as a tool for locating the suitable place for a zoological garden and even for optical astronomy in the study area

UPC barcode apps for drug registered verification

In pharmacology, drug is used to prevent and cure diseases and to improve the physical or mental well-being. All medicinal products must be registered with Drug Control Authority (DCA) of Malaysia before being marketed. However, there are still numerous unregistered products being sold in night markets and grocery stalls that contained unknown materials that could harm our bodies. As nowadays most people own smartphones, thus it will be great if the smartphone is being utilized to become a mobile apps that can prevent consumers from buying unregistered products. This study described the process of creating a barcode reader application for drug registered verification. The application is created using Android Studio software, Java programming language and source code from GitHub, which is then synchronized with the database of some medicinal products. The barcode scanner is then tested to read the UPC barcode on the products and the result of registration confirmation will be shown on the screen of the smartphone. Thus, it will aware the user from buying the unregistered products

Compressive Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) at Low Strain Rate

An experimental programme was carried out for testing and characterising the mechanical properties of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) at low strain rates ranging from 10-' to 10 Is. Transverse compressive properties were obtained by carrying a series of quasi-static and dynamic tests on filament wound CFRP tubes with winding angle of ± 90° (the angle is relative to the tube axis). The quasi-static test were carried out using an Instron and RDP machines whereas dynamic tests on drop hammer rig. Axial and hoop strains were measured by foil strain gauges bonded to the specimen inside and outside surfaces. Load-displacement, load time and strain-time signals recorded during relevant tests are used to produce stresss train curves. The transverse compressive strength and ultimate failure strain increases with increasing strain rate. The modulus and Poisson's ratio are independent of strain rate. The stress strain curves at different strain rates exhibit a degree of non-linearity. No rate effect is observed on the mode of failure

Influence of yarn parameters on cotton/kenaf blended yarn characteristics

Spinning kenaf fibers into yarns is challenging due to the stiffness and lack of cohesiveness of the fibers. Alkali treatment is known to remove hemicellulose, wax, and breaks down lignin, reducing stiffness of kenaf fiber and improving its spinnability. Kenaf fibers were treated at percentages of 4% and 6% and blended with cotton fibers at blend ratios of 40:60 and 50:50 prior to a ring spinning process to produce a double ply yarn of 70 tex. Yarn were twisted at three sets of twist. The responses were measured in terms of carding waste percentages and yarn strength. The results showed that the optimized yarn structural parameter is kenaf fiber treated at 6% and with a kenaf/cotton 40/60 blending ratio based on its tenacity and minimum carding waste. ANOVA shows that there is a good interaction effect between NaOH and kenaf/cotton ratio, and NaOH concentration and twist

Turning Natural Fiber Reinforced Cement Composite as Innovative Alternative Sustainable Construction Material: A Review Paper

In recent years, a great deal of interest in concrete leads to the most frequently used sustainable construction material. Using of natural fiber as fiber reinforcement effectively improved strength, ductility and durability requirements of high performance cement composites. Regretly, natural fibers are dumped as agricultural waste (e.g. coconut, bamboo, wood or chips, bast fiber, leaf fiber, seed and fruit fibers, etc), so can be easily available low cost. The applications of natural fiber for sustainable construction material design can be done as filler or masonry composites, reinforcement, thermal conductivity, cementations/binder, etc. Previous and current researchers focusing the natural fiber to improve the properties of lightweight composites still required a lot of investigations to make it improved. However, the present work consists of the availability of natural fiber waste substance, sustainable construction materials are evaluated for their physico-mechanical properties of sustainable construction materials, method of production and environmental impact of several materials. No doubt, the application of natural fiber provides a solution to conservation of natural resource and energy

Fractional electro-magneto transport of blood modeled with magnetic particles in cylindrical tube without singular kernel

The electro-kinetic transport of blood flow mixed with magnetic particles in the circular channel was investigated. The flow was subjected to an external electric and uniform magnetic field. The fluid was driven by pressure gradient and perpendicular magnetic field to the flow direction. Due to the usefulness and suitability of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional order derivative without singular kernel in fluid flow modeling and mass transfer phenomena, the governing equations were modeled as Caputo–Fabrizio time fractional partial differential equations and solved for a 2 ð0; 1�. The analytical solutions for the velocities of blood flow and magnetic particles were obtained by using Laplace, finite Hankel transforms and Robotnov and Hartley’s functions, respectively. Mathematica software was used to simulate the influences of fractional parameter a, Hartmann number and Reynolds number on the velocities of blood and magnetic particles. The findings are important for controlling bio-liquids in the devices used for analysis and diagnosis in biological and medical applications