Wasserressourcen und deren Nutzung im Flussbecken des Tarim (Autonome Region Xinjiang / VR China)

Die vorliegende Untersuchung wurde im Rahmen der Arbeiten zum Forschungsprojekt: "Wasserverknappung, Wassernutzungskonflikte und Wassermanagement in Trocken-gebieten Zentralasiens (Usbekistan, Kasachstan, Kirgistan, Xinjiang/VR China)" er-stellt. Das Ziel des Forschungsprojektes bestand darin, die Ursachen und Auswirkun-gen der zunehmenden Wasserverknappung und Verschlechterung der Wasserqualität in den Trockengebieten Zentralasiens zu untersuchen. Die Untersuchungen wurden vergleichend in vier abflusslosen Beckenbereichen vor-genommen: im Aralsee-Becken, Ili-Balcha?-Becken, Issyk-Kul?-Becken und Tarim-Becken. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist somit in enger Verbindung zu anderen ver-gleichbaren Studien zu sehen, wie jene von V. V. Romanovskij (Discussion Paper Nr. 22, 2004) über das Issyk-Kul?-Becken und weitere in Kürze in dieser Reihe und ande-renorts erscheinende Studien. --

Effects of engine emissions from high-speed civil transport aircraft: A two-dimensional modeling study, part 2

The AER two-dimensional chemistry-transport model is used to study the effect of supersonic and subsonic aircraft operation in the 2010 atmosphere on stratospheric ozone (O3). The results show that: (1) the calculated O3 response is smaller in the 2010 atmosphere compared to previous calculations performed in the 1980 atmosphere; (2) with the emissions provided, the calculated decrease in O3 column is less than 1 percent; and (3) the effect of model grid resolution on O3 response is small provided that the physics is not modified

Wasserressourcen und deren Nutzung im Flussbecken des Tarim (Autonome Region Xinjiang / VR China)

Die vorliegende Untersuchung wurde im Rahmen der Arbeiten zum Forschungsprojekt: "Wasserverknappung, Wassernutzungskonflikte und Wassermanagement in Trocken-gebieten Zentralasiens (Usbekistan, Kasachstan, Kirgistan, Xinjiang/VR China)" er-stellt. Das Ziel des Forschungsprojektes bestand darin, die Ursachen und Auswirkun-gen der zunehmenden Wasserverknappung und Verschlechterung der Wasserqualität in den Trockengebieten Zentralasiens zu untersuchen. Die Untersuchungen wurden vergleichend in vier abflusslosen Beckenbereichen vor-genommen: im Aralsee-Becken, Ili-Balcha?-Becken, Issyk-Kul?-Becken und Tarim-Becken. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist somit in enger Verbindung zu anderen ver-gleichbaren Studien zu sehen, wie jene von V. V. Romanovskij (Discussion Paper Nr. 22, 2004) über das Issyk-Kul?-Becken und weitere in Kürze in dieser Reihe und ande-renorts erscheinende Studien

A reduction of the resonant three-wave interaction to the generic sixth Painleve' equation

Among the reductions of the resonant three-wave interaction system to six-dimensional differential systems, one of them has been specifically mentioned as being linked to the generic sixth Painleve' equation P6. We derive this link explicitly, and we establish the connection to a three-degree of freedom Hamiltonian previously considered for P6.Comment: 13 pages, 0 figure, J. Phys. A Special issue "One hundred years of Painleve' VI

Rapid measurement of tacrolimus in whole blood by paper spray-tandem mass spectrometry (PS-MS/MS)

Background Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides sensitivity and specificity for monitoring tacrolimus drug level in blood, but it requires an LC system and sample preparation, which is not amenable to random access testing typical of immunoassays. Paper spray (PS) ionization generates gas phase analyte ions directly from dried blood spots without sample preparation and LC. We evaluated a PS-MS/MS method for tacrolimus drug monitoring in a clinical diagnostic laboratory. Methods Whole blood sample was mixed with stable isotope labeled internal standard ([13C, 2H2]-FK506) and spotted onto a cartridge containing triangular shaped card paper. After drying, samples were analyzed by PS MS/MS in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode, with a run time of 3 min/sample. Results Analytical measurement range was 1.5–30 ng/ml. Assay inter-day imprecision was 13%, 8%, and 5% at tacrolimus concentrations of 4.5, 10.5, and 24.5 ng/ml, respectively. Accuracy was determined by pure tacrolimus solution and was confirmed by result correlation to an immunoassay (slope = 1.0, intercept = − 0.02; r2 = 0.99), and to a conventional LC-MS/MS method (slope = 0.90, intercept = 0.4; r2 = 0.94). Conclusions PS-MS/MS provides accurate results for tacrolimus with rapid turnaround time amenable to random access testing protocols

Electroweak contributions to squark--gluino production at the LHC

We calculated the electroweak contributions to the hadronic production of a squark in association with a gluino within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Presented are complete next-to-leading order electroweak (NLO EW) corrections at O(alpha_s^2 alpha), which include real photon and real quark radiation processes. Also considered are photon induced tree level O(alpha_s alpha) contributions.Comment: 23 pages, 15 figure

Rakennusautomaation vastaanoton kehittäminen

Rakennusautomaation vastaanotto ja siihen liittyvät toimintakokeet ovat keskeisiä vaiheita rakennusautomaatioprojektin laadun varmennuksessa. Senaatti-kiinteistöjen talotekniikan asiantuntija Timo Keskikuru oli havainnut koko alaa koskevia puutteita vastaanottoprosessissa ja toivoi asiaa tutkittavan. Työn tavoitteena oli kehittää rakennusautomaation vastaanoton toimintatapoja. Työssä selvitettiin aiheeseen liittyviä säännöksiä ja toimintatapoja kirjallisista lähteistä. Kehitystyön kannalta tärkein tutkimismenetelmä oli alan eri toimijoiden haastattelut. Käytännön kokemuksia saatiin pilottikohteesta, jossa kehitystyön tuloksia testattiin. Työssä kehitettiin vastaanoton tueksi myös tarkastusdokumentointia. Vastaanoton kehittämistarpeet nousivat työn aikana selvästi esille. Dokumentoinnin kehittämiseen on tulevaisuudessa varattava lisää resursseja, jotta laajempi uudistus vallitseviin käytäntöihin olisi mahdollinen. Myös vastaanoton toimintatapojen uudistaminen koko rakennusautomaatioalalla vaatii loppuun asti kehitettyjä ohjeistuksia ja valmiita dokumentteja, jotka myös otetaan käyttöön.Acceptance of building automation and functional test are important subjects when developing building automation system projects. Timo Keskikuru, Expert in Building Services Engineering in Senaatti-Kiinteistöt, had noticed some deficiencies in the acceptance procedure and wanted a research to be done. The goal was to a develop procedure for building automation acceptance. In the execution rules and working policies were studied from literature of the field. The most important way of research was interviews of professionals from different perspectives. Practical experience was gathered in a pilot project, which gave an opportunity to test some results of the development. As a result, a documentation was developed to support acceptance. The need of development in acceptance was clear. More resources must be given to research and development of documentation to reform the procedure more. Also documents and instructions must be properly improved and finished to make difference in larger scale

The B(Bs)→D(s)PB(B_s)\to D_{(s)} P, D(s)VD_{(s)} V, D(s)∗PD_{(s)}^{*}P and D(s)∗VD_{(s)}^{*}V decays in the perturbative QCD approach

Two-body non-leptonic charmed decays $B_{(s)} \to D_{(s)}P$, $D_{(s)}^*P$, $D_{(s)}V$ and $D_{(s)}^*V$ are analyzed in perturbative QCD approach, where $P$ and $V$ denote the light pseudoscalar meson and vector meson, respectively. We test the $D$ meson wave function by a $\chi^2$ fit with experimental data of six $B\to DP$ channels. We give the branching ratios of all the charmed B decay channels, most of which agree with experiments amazingly well. The predicted $B_s$ decays can be confronted with the future experimental data. By straightforward calculations, our pQCD approach gives the right relative strong phase of $a_2/a_1$ with experiments. We also predict the percentage of transverse polarizations in $B_{(s)} \to D^* V$ decay channels.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figure

Rare B decays and Tevatron top-pair asymmetry

The recent Tevatron result on the top quark forward-backward asymmetry, which deviates from its standard model prediction by 3.4$\sigma$, has prompted many authors to build new models to account for this anomaly. Among the various proposals, we find that those mechanisms which produce $t\bar t$ via $t$- or $u$-channel can have a strong correlation to the rare B decays. We demonstrate this link by studying a model with a new charged gauge boson, $W'$. In terms of the current measurements on $B\to \pi K$ decays, we conclude that the branching ratio for $B^-\to \pi^- \bar K^0$ is affected most by the new effects. Furthermore, using the world average branching ratio for the exclusive B decays at $2\sigma$ level, we discuss the allowed values for the new parameters. Finally, we point out that the influence of the new physics effects on the direct CP asymmetry in B decays is insignificant.Comment: 15 page, 6 figures, typos corrected and references added, final version to appear journa

Flavor Changing Effects in Family Nonuniversal Z' Models

Flavor-changing and CP-violating interactions of Z' to fermions are generally present in models with extra U(1) gauge symmetry that are string-inspired or related to broken gauged family symmetry. We study the consequences of such couplings in fermion electric dipole moments, muon g-2, and K and B meson mixings. From experimental limits or measured values, we constrain the off-diagonal Z' couplings to fermions. Some of these constraints are comparable or stronger than the existing constraints obtained from other observables.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure