Sox10 regulates enteric neural crest cell migration in the developing gut

Concurrent Sessions 1: 1.3 - Organs to organisms: Models of Human Diseases: abstract no. 1417th ISDB 2013 cum 72nd Annual Meeting of the Society for Developmental Biology, VII Latin American Society of Developmental Biology Meeting and XI Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Biologia del Desarrollo. The Conference's web site is located at http://www.inb.unam.mx/isdb/Sox10 is a HMG-domain containing transcription factor which plays important roles in neural crest cell survival and differentiation. Mutations of Sox10 have been identified in patients with Waardenburg-Hirschsprung syndrome, who suffer from deafness, pigmentation defects and intestinal aganglionosis. Enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) with Sox10 mutation undergo premature differentiation and fail to colonize the distal hindgut. It is unclear, however, whether Sox10 plays a role in the migration of ENCCs. To visualize the migration behaviour of mutant ENCCs, we generated a Sox10NGFP mouse model where EGFP is fused to the N-terminal domain of Sox10. Using time-lapse imaging, we found that ENCCs in Sox10NGFP/+ mutants displays lower migration speed and altered trajectories compared to normal controls. This behaviour was cell-autonomous, as shown by organotypic grafting of Sox10NGFP/+ gut segments onto control guts and vice versa. ENCCs encounter different extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules along the developing gut. We performed gut explant culture on various ECM and found that Sox10NGFP/+ ENCCs tend to form aggregates, particularly on fibronectin. Time-lapse imaging of single cells in gut explant culture indicated that the tightly-packed Sox10 mutant cells failed to exhibit contact inhibition of locomotion. We determined the expression of adhesion molecule families by qPCR analysis, and found integrin expression unaffected while L1-cam and selected cadherins were altered, suggesting that Sox10 mutation affects cell adhesion properties of ENCCs. Our findings identify a de novo role of Sox10 in regulating the migration behaviour of ENCCs, which has important implications for the treatment of Hirschsprung disease.postprin

Hydrogen bonding and coordination in normal and supercritical water from X-ray inelastic scattering

A direct measure of hydrogen bonding in water under conditions ranging from the normal state to the supercritical regime is derived from the Compton scattering of inelastically-scattered X-rays. First, we show that a measure of the number of electrons $n_e$ involved in hydrogen bonding at varying thermodynamic conditions can be directly obtained from Compton profile differences. Then, we use first-principles simulations to provide a connection between $n_e$ and the number of hydrogen bonds $n_{HB}$. Our study shows that over the broad range studied the relationship between $n_e$ and $n_{HB}$ is linear, allowing for a direct experimental measure of bonding and coordination in water. In particular, the transition to supercritical state is characterized by a sharp increase in the number of water monomers, but also displays a significant number of residual dimers and trimers.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

PERTUMBUHAN DAN TINGKAT MORBIDITAS PADA BAYI USIA 7-12 BULAN BERDASARKAN STATUS PEMBERIAN ASI DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS GILINGAN KECAMATAN BANJARSARI SURAKARTA

Introduction: Breastfeeding is the best food for infants, especially in their early life. Breastfeeding can assist the growth process and also protect infants from various infectious diseases such as Diarrhea and Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). Objective: To determine the effect of breastfeeding status on growth and morbidity in infants aged 7-12 months at the Primary Health Service Gilingan. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort study design, conducted in April 2015, at the integrated service center in Primary Health Service Gilingan. The total sample in this study were 58 respondents, the sampling method used was Consecutive Sampling. The research instruments were a questionnaire of exclusive breastfeeding, morbidity and KMS (Health Care Card). Analysis Techniques used Chi Square test. Results: The research found that there are no effect of breastfeeding status on the growth of infants aged 7-12 months with the value of p = 0.378 RR 1.667 (95% CI = 0.697 to 3.984). There are no effect of the status of breastfeeding on the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in infants aged 7-12 months with the value of p = 0.066 RR 1.800 (95% CI = 1.011 to 3.204). There are no effect of breastfeeding status on the incidence of diarrhea in infants aged 7-12 months with the value of p = 0.564 RR 1.158 (95% CI = 0.829 to 1.618). Conclusion: Breastfeeding status has no effect on the growth of babies, incidence of ARI and diarrhea in infants aged 7-12 months at the Primary Health Service Gilingan Banjarsari Surakarta

Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Ibu dan Usia Awal Pemberian MP ASI Dengan Lama Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi Usia 8-12 Bulan di Puskesmas Colomadu 1 Karanganyar

Pendahuluan : Diare pada usia 6-24 bulanmempunyai pengaruh yang buruk terhadap pertumbuhan bayi sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya malnutrisi. Kejadian diare pada kelompok umur balita di Jawa tengah sebanyak 5,4%.Prevalensi kejadian diare pada bayi 0-11 bulan di Puskesmas Colomadu 1 Kabupaten Karanganyar dari bulan Oktober 2014-Januari 2015 sebanyak 32%. Tujuan : penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diaredan usia awal pemberian MP ASI dengan kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2015, di posyandu wilayah Colomadu 1. Total sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak40 responden yang diambil dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner pengetahuan, formulir pemberian MP ASI dan formulir kejadian diare. Teknik analisis uji adalah Spearman’s. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini tidak adahubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diare dengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan (p=0,233) dan ada hubungan antara usia awal pemberian MP ASIdengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan (p=0,042). Kesimpulan : tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang diare dengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan dan ada hubungan antara usia awal pemberian MP ASIdengan lama kejadian diare pada bayi usia 8-12 bulan. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar tenaga kesehatan lebih meningkatkan pengawasan dan pendampingan praktek makanan pendamping ASI di masyarakat

Reliability and validity of the IPAQ-L in a sample of Hong Kong Urban older adults: does neighborhood of residence matter?

This study examined reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Long Form (IPAQ-LC) in Chinese seniors, including moderating effects of neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status (SES) on reliability and validity. The IPAQ-LC was interviewer-administered (n = 96), accelerometer and 7-day walk-diary data were collected (n = 94), and the IPAC-LC was readministered (N = 92). Acceptable reliability was found for all measures of physical activity (PA) overall and across different types of neighborhood. Participants from highly walkable neighborhoods were more reliable at estimating walking for transport. Participants from low-SES areas were less reliable at estimating leisure-time PA and sitting but more reliable at estimating transport-related walking. IPAQ-LC walking was significantly related to light- but not moderate-intensity accelerometry-based PA. It was moderately to strongly related to a 7-day diary of walking. The data imply slow-paced walking, probably due to age, climate, and terrain. The findings suggest that the IPAQ-LC’s reliability and validity are acceptable in Chinese seniors

Walking for transportation in Hong Kong Chinese urban elders: a cross-sectional study on what destinations matter and when

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Persistence of Covalent Bonding in Liquid Silicon Probed by Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Metallic liquid silicon at 1787K is investigated using x-ray Compton scattering. An excellent agreement is found between the measurements and the corresponding Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show persistence of covalent bonding in liquid silicon and provide support for the occurrence of theoretically predicted liquid-liquid phase transition in supercooled liquid states. The population of covalent bond pairs in liquid silicon is estimated to be 17% via a maximally-localized Wannier function analysis. Compton scattering is shown to be a sensitive probe of bonding effects in the liquid state.Comment: 5pages, 3 postscript figure