Adaptive und Maladaptive Emotionen aus Sicht der REVT

Die Theorie der Rational-Emotiven Verhaltenstherapie (Ellis, 1985; Ellis & DiGiuseppe, 1993) postuliert, dass sich adaptive Emotionen nicht nur quantitativ von maladaptiven unterscheiden, sondern insbesondere qualitativ. Adaptive Emotionen wie Furcht, Ärger, Bedauern und Trauer sind eher angemessene Reaktionen auf ein auslösendes Ereignis und helfen, individuelle Ziele zu erreichen. Maladaptive Emotionen hingegen wie Wut, Schuld, Angst und Depression stellen unangemessene Reaktionen dar, die den individuellen Zielen zuwiderlaufen. Auch vermeintlich ähnliche Emotionen wie beispielsweise Furcht und Angst sollten sich demnach hinsichtlich etablierter emotionsrelevanter Variablen unterscheiden lassen. In zwei Experimentalstudien wurden die Einschätzungen adaptiver und maladaptiver Emotionen bezüglich der Dimensionen Funktionalität, Valenz, Aktivierung, Dauerhaftigkeit, Einflussweite und Typizität mittels unterschiedlicher Instrumente erhoben (N = 96 bzw. N = 240). Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass adaptive Emotionen insgesamt funktionaler, angenehmer und weniger unangenehm sind sowie weniger Lebensbereiche beeinflussen als maladaptive Emotionen, sich aber keine Typizitätsunterschiede zwischen den beiden Emotionsgruppen ergeben

Anglicismos y vida docente

Pertenece a la sección diaria del CVC (Centro Virtual Cervantes).Una de las vías de entrada de anglicismos en nuestra lengua es el mundo universitario y escolar.Peer reviewe

Microbial colonization influences early B-lineage development in the gut lamina propria

The RAG1/RAG2 endonuclease ("RAG") initiates the V(D)J recombination reaction that assembles Ig heavy (IgH) and light (IgL) chain variable region exons from germline gene segments to generate primary antibody repertoires1. IgH V(D)J assembly occurs in progenitor (pro-) B cells followed by that of IgL in precursor (pre-) B cells. Expression of IgH μ and IgL (Igκ or Igλ) chains generates IgM, which is expressed on immature B cells as the B cell antigen-binding receptor ("BCR"). Rag expression can continue in immature B cells2, allowing continued Igκ V(D)J recombination that replaces the initial VκJκ exon with one that generates a new specificity3–5. This “receptor editing” process, which also can lead to Igλ V(D)J recombination and expression3,6,7, provides a mechanism whereby antigen-encounter at the Rag-expressing immature B cell stage helps shape pre-immune BCR repertoires. As the major site of post-natal B cell development, the bone marrow is the principal location of primary Ig repertoire diversification in mice. Here, we report that early B cell development also occurs within the mouse intestinal lamina propria (LP), where the associated V(D)J recombination/receptor editing processes modulate primary LP Ig repertoires. At weanling age in normally housed mice, the LP contains a population of Rag-expressing B lineage cells that harbor intermediates indicative of ongoing V(D)J recombination and which contain cells with pro-B, pre-B, and editing phenotypes. Consistent with LP-specific receptor editing, Rag-expressing LP B-lineage cells have similar VH repertoires, but significantly different Vκ repertoires, compared to those of Rag2-expressing BM counterparts. Moreover, colonization of germ-free mice leads to an increased ratio of Igλ-expressing versus Igκ-expressing B cells specifically in the LP. We conclude that B cell development occurs in the intestinal mucosa, where it is regulated by extra-cellular signals from commensal microbes that influence gut Ig repertoires

Multiple Venous Thromboembolism Pharmacologic Agents Are Associated with an Increased Risk for Early Postoperative Complications following a Total Joint Arthroplasty

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that concurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) medications had on early outcomes following primary total joint arthroplasty (TJA). 2653 total knee and hip arthroplasties were reviewed at a tertiary medical center. The study performed a multivariable comparison of outcomes in patients on 2 or more VTE medications, as well as a logistic regression on outcomes following each addition of a VTE medication postoperatively (number of VTE medications was 1-4). Controlling for gender, age, body mass index, and preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists score throughout the analysis, patients who received 2 or more VTE prophylaxis medications had increased LOS (p \u3c 0.001), transfusions (p \u3c 0.001), emergency department visits (p=0.001), readmissions (p \u3c 0.001), 90dPOE (p \u3c 0.001), and PE (p \u3c 0.001). Every additional postoperative VTE medication incrementally increased the risk for longer LOS (p \u3c 0.001), transfusions (p \u3c 0.001), 90dPOE (p \u3c 0.001), deep vein thrombosis (p=0.049), PE (p \u3c 0.001), emergency department visits (p=0.005), and readmission (p=0.010). Patients on multiple VTE medications following TJA demonstrate significantly poorer outcomes. The current study\u27s findings caution the use of multiple VTE medications whenever possible immediately following a TJA

Comparison of Area Deprivation Index, Socioeconomic Parameters, and Preoperative Demographics With Postoperative Emergency Department Visits After Total Knee Arthroplasty

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine if socioeconomic (SE) parameters, primarily area deprivation index (ADI), relate to postoperative emergency department (ED) visits after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 2655 patients who underwent TKA in a health system of 4 hospitals. The primary outcome was an ED visit within 90 days, which was divided into those with and without readmission. SE parameters including ADI as well as preoperative demographics were analyzed. Univariable and multiple logistic regressions were performed determining risk of 90-day postoperative ED visits, as well as once in the ED, risks for readmission. RESULTS: 436 patients (16.4%) presented to the ED within 90 days. ADI was not a risk factor. The multiple logistic regression demonstrated men, Medicare or Medicaid, and preoperative ED visits were consistently risk factors for a postoperative ED visit with and without readmission. Preoperative anticoagulation was only a risk factor for ED visits with readmission. Among patients who visited the ED, if the patient was Caucasian, a lower BMI, or higher American Society of Anesthesiologists score, they were likely to be readmitted. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that the percentage of early ED returns after TKA was high and that ADI was not a predictor for 90-day postoperative ED visit. The only SE factor that may contribute to this phenomenon was insurance type. Once in the ED, race, preoperative ED visits, preoperative anticoagulation, BMI, gender, and preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists score contributed to a risk of readmission. The study supports hospitals\u27 mission to provide equal access health care

Advancing catalysis research through FAIR data principles implemented in a local data infrastructure - a case study of an automated test reactor

Findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data is currently emerging as an indispensable element in the advancement of science and requires the development of new methods for data acquisition, storage and sharing. This is becoming even more critical as the increasing application of artificial intelligence demands significantly higher data quality in terms of reliability, reproducibility and consistency of datasets. This paper presents methods for the digital and automatic acquisition and storage of data and metadata in catalysis experiments based on open-source software solutions. The successful implementation of a digitalization concept, which includes working according to machine-readable standard operating procedures (SOPs) is outlined using a reactor for catalytic tests that has been automated with the open source software tool EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System). The process of data acquisition, standardized analysis, upload to a database and generation of relationships between database entries is fully automated. Application programming interfaces (APIs) have been developed to enable data exchange within the local data infrastructure and beyond to overarching repositories, paving the way for autonomous catalyst discovery and machine learning applications

The INFluence of Remote monitoring on Anxiety/depRession, quality of lifE, and Device acceptance in ICD patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center trial.

Leppert F, Siebermair J, Wesemann U, et al. The INFluence of Remote monitoring on Anxiety/depRession, quality of lifE, and Device acceptance in ICD patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center trial. Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society. 2020.BACKGROUND: Impact of telemedicine with remote patient monitoring (RPM) in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients on clinical outcomes has been investigated in various clinical settings with divergent results. However, role of RPM on patient-reported-outcomes (PRO) is unclear. The INFRARED-ICD trial aimed to investigate the effect of RPM in addition to standard-of-care on PRO in a mixed ICD patient cohort.; METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients were randomized to RPM (n=92) or standard in-office-FU (n=88) serving as control group (CTL). At baseline and on a monthly basis over 1 year, study participants completed the EQ-5D questionnaire for the primary outcome Quality of Life (QoL), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Florida Patient Acceptance Survey questionnaire for secondary outcomes. Demographic characteristics (82% men, mean age 62.3years) and PRO at baseline were not different between RPM and CTL. Primary outcome analysis showed that additional RPM was not superior to CTL with respect to QoL over 12months [+1.2 vs.+3.9 points in CTL and RPM group, respectively (p=0.24)]. Pre-specified analyses could not identify subgroups with improved QoL by the use of RPM. Neither levels of anxiety (-0.4 vs. -0.3, p=0.88), depression (+0.3 vs.±0.0, p=0.38), nor device acceptance (+1.1 vs.+1.6, p=0.20) were influenced by additional use of RPM.; CONCLUSION: The results of the present study show that PRO were not improved by RPM in addition to standard-of-care FU. Careful evaluation and planning of future trials in selected ICD patients are warranted before implementing RPM in routine practice

Serum concentrations of TNF-α, sTNF-R p55 and p75 and post-traumatic stress in German soldiers

Growing evidence suggests involvement of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α system in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Research into post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has investigated serum levels of TNF-α, but not to date its soluble receptors sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75. We examined serum levels of TNF-α, sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75 in 135 male German soldiers 70 of whom had been deployed abroad and 65 in Germany only. Post-traumatic stress symptoms were measured using the Post-traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress (TICS). Correlational analysis controlling for multiple testing, showed no significant Spearman rank correlations between PDS or TICS scores and serum levels of TNF-α, sTNF-R p55 or sTNF-R p75, either in the full sample or in the group of soldiers who had been deployed abroad. ANCOVAs showed no significant differences between soldiers with or without a PDS-derived diagnosis of PTSD, or between soldiers with or without deployment abroad, after controlling for age, smoking and body mass index (BMI). These results suggest that the TNF-α system, as reflected by TNF-α, sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75 serum levels, does not play a major role in the pathophysiology and development of PTSD symptoms as measured by the PDS and the TICS. However, several methodological and contextual issues have to be considered.</p