Living on the Outside: cultural diversity and the transformation of public space in Melbourne

Melbourne has been described as Australia's most liveable and most multicultural city. What relation do these descriptions have to each other? How has the public culture of Victoria been influenced by the cultural diversity of the state? The political class in Victoria has tended to be more in favour of multiculturalism as a policy, more resistant to populist racism and more positive about immigration than elsewhere in Australia. How has this orientation been affected by the institutional embedding of ethnic power during the past four decades? The organization of ethnic groups into political lobbies, which have collaborated across ethnic borders, has brought about cultural transformations in the mainstream. Often the public experiences these transformations through changing uses of public spaces. This paper offers an historical sociology of this process, and argues for a view of public space as a physical representation of the relative power of social forces. It is based on research for the Making Multicultural Australia (Victoria) project. (http://multiculturalaustralia.edu.au). An online version of the paper inviting user-generated comments can be found at http://mmav1.wordpress.com

The politics of playing along: radio and regulation in democratic Europe

The loss of localism has been a common trend in most radio markets in Europe and the United States. Deregulation of ownership led to a concentration phenomenon that has affected local radios in several western democracies. New forms of regulation have been considered as possible ways to stop the erosion of localism by applying rules to markets in the defense of diversity, pluralism, and the local dimension. This article analyses the local radio market in Portugal, by assessing the changes in the legislation and by examining the regulatory action that can, according to its remit, act preventively to avoid market forces to harm these principles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Poland's 2011 Online Election Campaign: New Tools, New Professionalism, New Ways to Win Votes

This article analyzes the use of the online environment within the context of the Polish parliamentary election of 2011. Using traditional methods of content analysis, we find that parties tend to adhere to a professionalized model of campaigning, and adapting online tools to suit the objectives of the campaign. There also appears to be a recognition that their most likely visitors to these online presences would be converts, and so they attempt to mobilize supporters rather than convert browsers. New parties and candidates are more likely to target browsers, with the latter offering a more personalized experience to online visitors. Importantly, when analyzing the outcome of the contest, we find that being online matters for candidates when controlling for all other variables. Equally, the reach the candidate has, which may well influence their vote share, is dependent on offering a more personalized, representational image and having a frequently updated online presence that should encourage repeat visits. Cumulatively, we suggest the future of online campaigning must not only focus on having a presence, but on using it in a way that appeals to a range of visitors, encouraging repeat visits, and that this strategy could have a positive impact on election outcomes. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

The Role of Magmatism in Hydrocarbon Generation in Sedimented Rifts: a Nd Isotope Perspective from Mid-Cretaceous Methane-Seep Deposits of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Spain

Studies on the involvement of intrusive magmatism in hydrocarbon generation within sedimentary basins have gained momentum owing to increasing appraisal of the role that such processes may play in controlling global carbon cycle perturbations, and the exploration potential of the volcanic sedimentary basins. Nevertheless, for many areas the causal link between the intrusions and surrounding hydrocarbon systems remains disputed, encouraging a search for methods that could aid in identifying different hydrocarbon sources. Here, we have performed a multi-proxy geochemical study of the middle Cretaceous methane-seep deposits of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, an early-stage, peri-cratonic rift marking the Mesozoic opening of the Bay of Biscay. Infilled by a thick sedimentary succession intruded by shallow-level igneous bodies, the basin shares analogies with modern young, sedimented rifts that sustain hydrocarbon seepage. We have applied a novel approach that uses the Nd isotope composition of the seep deposits to constrain the relationship between hydrocarbon seepage and igneous activity, and to explore the general potential of Nd isotopes to trace magmatic-influenced fluids in volcanic sedimentary basins. The Nd isotope data have been combined with rare earth element analyses and carbon and oxygen isotope measurements, providing broad insight into the former composition of the seeping fluids. For three out of four investigated seeps, the Nd isotope ratios observed in authigenic seep carbonates include signatures markedly more radiogenic than that reconstructed for background seawater-derived pore waters. The level of this Nd-143-enrichment varies both between and within individual deposits, reflecting spatial and temporal differences in fluid composition typical of seep-related environments. The radiogenic Nd isotope signals provide evidence of subseafloor interactions between the seeping fluids and mafic igneous materials, supporting the model of an igneous control on the mid-Cretaceous methane expulsion in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin. The thermogenic origin of the methane is in accord with the moderately negative delta C-13 values and paragenetic successions observed in the studied seep carbonates. For a single deposit, its relatively unradiogenic Nd isotope composition can be attributed to the smallest size and shallowest emplacement depth of the underlying intrusion, likely resulting in a short-lived character and limited hydrocarbon-generation potential of the associated contact metamorphism. The study demonstrates that Nd isotope analyses of seep carbonates offer a tool in disentangling methane fluxes from different organic matter alteration pathways for the numerous, both fossil and modern sedimented rifts for which the involvement of various methane sources remains insufficiently understood.This work was supported by the National Science Centre, Poland (grant No. 2016/23/D/ST10/00444; to MJ) , and the Eusko Jaurlaritza (Ikerketa Taldeak IT930-16) and the Spanish State Research Agency (project PID2019-105670GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; both to LMA

Small molecule sensitization to TRAIL is mediated via nuclear localization, phosphorylation and inhibition of chaperone activity of Hsp27

10.1038/cddis.2013.413Cell Death and Disease410

Thermosensitivity of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gpp1gpp2 double deletion strain can be reduced by overexpression of genes involved in cell wall maintenance

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain in which the GPP1 and GPP2 genes, both encoding glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase isoforms, are deleted, displays both osmo- and thermosensitive (ts) phenotypes. We isolated genes involved in cell wall maintenance as multicopy suppressors of the gpp1gpp2 ts phenotype. We found that the gpp1gpp2 strain is hypersensitive to cell wall stress such as treatment with β-1,3-glucanase containing cocktail Zymolyase and chitin-binding dye Calcofluor-white (CFW). Sensitivity to Zymolyase was rescued by overexpression of SSD1, while CFW sensitivity was rescued by SSD1, FLO8 and WSC3-genes isolated as multicopy suppressors of the gpp1gpp2 ts phenotype. Some of the isolated suppressor genes (SSD1, FLO8) also rescued the lytic phenotype of slt2 deletion strain. Additionally, the sensitivity to CFW was reduced when the cells were supplied with glycerol. Both growth on glycerol-based medium and overexpression of SSD1, FLO8 or WSC3 had additive suppressing effect on CFW sensitivity of the gpp1gpp2 mutant strain. We also confirmed that the internal glycerol level changed in cells exposed to cell wall perturbation. © 2007 Springer-Verlag

Treatment of patients with distant metastases from phyllodes tumor of the breast

BACKGROUND: Here, the treatment methods and results of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast (PT) with distant metastases at a single institution are presented. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on a group of 295 patients with PT treated from 1952 to 2010. RESULTS: Distant metastases developed in 37 (12.5 %) patients; 3/160 (1.9 %) patients had benign PT, 6/36 (16.7 %) were considered borderline, and 28/99 (28.3 %) had malignant PT. Most frequently, the metastases were located in the lungs; 28 (75.7 %), bone 7 (18.9 %), brain 4 (10.8 %), and liver 2 (5.4 %). Metastases occurred on overage 21 months (2–57) after surgery. Patients with lung metastases were generally treated with monochemotherapy or polychemotherapy. In one patient Testosterone and in two patients resection of metastases combined with Doxorubicin were used. Patients with bones or brain metastases were treated with palliative radiotherapy only or combined with Doxorubicin. The mean survival (MS) from diagnosis of distant metastases (DM) was 7 months (2–17). The longest mean survival in patients with bones metastases was 11.8 months, the worst survival was for patients with brain metastases—2.8 months. Hormone therapy appeared to have low efficacy (MS: 2 months) as well as monochemotherapy (MS: 3–5 months). Improved MS was obtained using Doxorubicin (7 months) and Doxorubicin with Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, or Ifosfamide (9 months). CONCLUSION: The prognosis of patients with DM from PT is poor. The role of surgery and irradiation of such patients is very limited. There appears to be no role for the use of hormone therapy. This study showed that polychemotherapy with Doxorubicin and Ifosfamide suggest that it might be more effective than once thought

Synchronous malignancies in patients with breast cancer

Introduction. The continuously improving cancer detection at an early stage and improving survival rates have been observed and, therefore, patients are predisposed to detection of multiple primaries. It has been reported that the incidence of multiple primaries in breast cancer patients ranges from of 4% to 17%. Materials and methods. A group of 112 breast cancer patients with synchronous malignancies was presented. They constituted 0.09% of patients (118,952 cases) who were treated for breast cancer at the same time period, and made up 3.5% of all patients (3,176 cases) with multiple primary cancers, and 21.7% of all patients (517 cases) with breast cancer who developed multiple primaries. Results. The most frequent type of synchronous primary malignancy was breast cancer (63.4%) and 90.1% of them were diagnosed at the same time or within one month following the first breast cancer diagnosis. Among cases of non-breast synchronous primaries, female genital organ malignancies were predominant (36.6%). Synchronous breast cancer was diagnosed significantly earlier than non-breast cancers (mean time was 0.4 and 1 month, respectively, p = 0.0123). Better results in the group with synchronous contralateral breast cancer in comparison to synchronous breast and non-breast cancer were observed (5-year overall survival rates were 90.9% and 66.3%, respectively, and 5-year disease-free survival rate — 62.5% and 51.3%, respectively)

Corrosion behaviour of porous Ti intended for biomedical applications

Porous Ti implants are being developed inorder to reduce the biomechanical mismatch between theimplant and the bone, as well as increasing the osseointegrationby improving the bone in-growth. Most of the focusin the literature has been on the structural, biological andmechanical characterization of porous Ti whereas there islimited information on the electrochemical characterization.Therefore, the present work aims to study the corrosionbehaviour of porous Ti having 30 and 50 % ofnominal porosity, produced by powder metallurgy routeusing the space holder technique. The percentage, size anddistribution of the pores were determined by image analysis.Electrochemical tests consisting of potentiodynamicpolarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopywere performed in 9 g/L NaCl solution at body temperature.Electrochemical studies revealed that samples presenteda less stable oxide film at increased porosity, morespecifically, the complex geometry and the interconnectivityof the pores resulted in formation of less protectiveoxide film in the pores.This study was supported by FCT with the reference project UID/EEA/04436/2013, by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizac¸a˜o (POCI) with the reference project POCI-01-0145- FEDER-006941, Programa de Acc¸o˜es Universita´rias Integradas LusoFrancesas’ (PAUILF TC-12_14), and The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation through ‘‘Programa de Mobilidade Acade´mica para Professores’’. The authors would also like to acknowledge Prof. Ana Senos (University of Aveiro) and Prof. Jose´ Carlos Teixeira (University of Minho) for the provision of the characterization facilities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Synchronous malignancies in patients with breast cancer

Introduction. The continuously improving cancer detection at an early stage and improving survival rates have been observed and, therefore, patients are predisposed to detection of multiple primaries. It has been reported that the incidence of multiple primaries in breast cancer patients ranges from of 4% to 17%. Materials and methods. A group of 112 breast cancer patients with synchronous malignancies was presented. They constituted 0.09% of patients (118,952 cases) who were treated for breast cancer at the same time period, and made up 3.5% of all patients (3,176 cases) with multiple primary cancers, and 21.7% of all patients (517 cases) with breast cancer who developed multiple primaries. Results. The most frequent type of synchronous primary malignancy was breast cancer (63.4%) and 90.1% of them were diagnosed at the same time or within one month following the first breast cancer diagnosis. Among cases of non-breast synchronous primaries, female genital organ malignancies were predominant (36.6%). Synchronous breast cancer was diagnosed significantly earlier than non-breast cancers (mean time was 0.4 and 1 month, respectively, p = 0.0123). Better results in the group with synchronous contralateral breast cancer in comparison to synchronous breast and non-breast cancer were observed (5-year overall survival rates were 90.9% and 66.3%, respectively, and 5-year disease-free survival rate — 62.5% and 51.3%, respectively)