Factores asociados a la obesidad en perros adultos de Lima, Perú

The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with the presentation of obesity in dogs treated at the Small Animal Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos during 2017. In total, 89 dogs were included in the study. Sex, breed and body condition was recorded. Likewise, age, physical activity, neutering (yes/no) and type of diet were obtained through a survey applied to dog owners. The estimated body condition allowed the dogs to be classified between obese and non-obese. The average age was 7.7 years (0-16 years), with 50.6% (n=45) being female. Besides, 47.2% (n=42) were neutered and 28.1% (n=25) were crossbreds. Results showed that 46.1% (n=41) consumed balanced food as part of their diet and 74.2% (n=66) carried out regular physical activity. A total of 60.7% (n=54) were considered obese. Significant associations with the presentation of obesity were evidenced for a diet based on homemade food [OR 11.5; 95% CI: 2.96-44.65], purebreds compared to crossbreds [OR 4.34; 95% CI: 1.03-18.32] and age between 8 and 12 years compared to 1-year-old dogs [OR 20.13; 95% CI: 2.30-176.02]. No association was found with sex, physical activity and neutering.El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores asociados a la presentación de obesidad en perros atendidos en la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos durante 2017. Se trabajó con 89 perros y se determinó el sexo, raza y condición corporal; asimismo, la edad, actividad física, esterilización (sí/no) y tipo de alimentación fueron obtenidos mediante una encuesta a los dueños de los perros. La condición corporal estimada permitió clasificar a los perros entre obesos y no obesos. La edad promedio fue 7.7 años (0-16 años), siendo 50.6% (n=45) de sexo hembra. El 47.2% (n=42) estaba esterilizado y 28.1% (n=25) fue identificado como mestizo. El 46.1% (n=41) consumía alimento balanceado como parte de su dieta y el 74.2% (n=66) realizaba actividad física de manera regular. El 60.7% (n=54) fue considerado obeso. Se evidenciaron asociaciones significativas con la presentación de obesidad para una dieta basada en alimento casero [OR 11.5; 95%IC: 2.96-44.65], raza pura en comparación a los mestizos [OR 4.34; 95%CI: 1.03-18.32] y edad entre 8 y 12 años en comparación con perros de 1 año [OR 20.13; 95%CI:2.30-176.02]. No se encontró asociación con el sexo, actividad física y esterilización

A rare case of concomitant huge exophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach and Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We report an extremely rare case of concomitant huge exophytic GIST of the stomach and Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP).</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>The patient was a 67-year-old man experiencing abdominal distension since September 2006. A physical examination revealed a 25 × 30 cm hard mass that was palpable in the middle and lower left abdomen minimal intrinsic mobility and massive ascites. Since the admitted patient was diagnosed with DIC, surgery could not be performed. The patient received a platelet transfusion and the DIC was treated. Due to this treatment, the platelet count recovered to 7.0 × 10⁴; tumor resection was performed at 16 days after admission. Laparotomy revealed a huge extraluminal tumor arising from the greater curvature of the stomach that measured 25 × 30 cm and had not ruptured into the peritoneal cavity or infiltrated other organs. Partial gastric resection was performed. The resected mass measured 25 × 25 × 20 cm. In cross section, the tumor appeared hard and homogenous with a small polycystic area. Histopathology of the resected specimen showed large spindle cell GIST with >5/50 HPF (high-power field) mitotic activity. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the coagulopathy improved rapidly.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Since the characteristic of tumor in this case was hypervascularity with bleeding and necrotic lesions, coagulopathy was thought to be caused by the trapping of platelets within a large vasculized tumor mass.</p

Municipal health expectancy in Japan: decreased healthy longevity of older people in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas

BACKGROUND: Little is known about small-area variation in healthy longevity of older people and its socioeconomic correlates. This study aimed to estimate health expectancy at 65 years (HE65) at the municipal level in Japan, and to examine its relation to area socio-demographic conditions. METHODS: HE65 of municipalities (N = 3361) across Japan was estimated by a linear regression formula with life expectancy at 65 years and the prevalence of those certificated as needing nursing care. The relation between HE65 and area socio-demographic indicators was examined using correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The estimated HE65 (years) ranged from 13.13 to 17.39 for men and from 14.84 to 20.53 for women. HE65 was significantly positively correlated with the proportion of elderly and per capita income, and negatively correlated with the percentage of households of a single elderly person, divorce rate, and unemployment rate. These relations were stronger in large municipalities (with a population of more than 100,000) than in small and medium-size municipalities. CONCLUSION: A decrease in healthy longevity of older people was associated with a higher percentage of households of a single elderly person and divorce rate, and lower socioeconomic conditions. This study suggests that older people in urban areas are susceptible to socio-demographic factors, and a social support network for older people living in socioeconomically disadvantaged conditions should be encouraged

Toward the integration of speciation research

Abstract Speciation research—the scientific field focused on understanding the origin and diversity of species—has a long and complex history. While relevant to one another, the specific goals and activities of speciation researchers are highly diverse, and scattered across a collection of different perspectives. Thus, our understanding of speciation will benefit from efforts to bridge scientific findings and the diverse people who do the work. In this paper, we outline two ways of integrating speciation research: (i) scientific integration, through the bringing together of ideas, data, and approaches; and (ii) social integration, by creating ways for a diversity of researchers to participate in the scientific process. We then discuss five challenges to integration: (i) the multidisciplinary nature of speciation research, (ii) the complex language of speciation; (iii) a bias toward certain study systems; (iv) the challenges of working across scales; and (v) inconsistent measures and reporting standards. We provide practical steps that individuals and groups can take to help overcome these challenges, and argue that integration is a team effort in which we all have a role to play

Efecto de los antimaláricos sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC en pacientes de la cohorte GLADEL

Objetivos: estimar el efecto de los antimaláricos (AM) sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC (SDI). Métodos: se estudiaron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico reciente (≤2 años) de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) de la cohorte GLADEL

Predictors of renal damage in systemic lupus erythematous patients: data from a multiethnic, multinational Latin American lupus cohort (GLADEL)

Aim A decrease in proteinuria has been considered protective from renal damage in lupus nephritis (LN), but a cut-off point has yet to be established. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of renal damage in patients with LN and to determine the best cut-off point for a decrease in proteinuria. Methods We included patients with LN defined clinically or histologically. Possible predictors of renal damage at the time of LN diagnosis were examined: proteinuria, low complement, anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, red cell casts, creatinine level, hypertension, renal activity (assessed by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)), prednisone dose, immunosuppressive drugs and antimalarial use. Sociodemographic variables were included at baseline. Proteinuria was assessed at baseline and at 12 months, to determine if early response (proteinuria <0.8 g/day within 12 months since LN diagnosis) is protective of renal damage occurrence. Renal damage was defined as an increase of one or more points in the renal domain of The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index (SDI). Cox regression models using a backward selection method were performed. Results Five hundred and two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus patients were included; 120 patients (23.9%) accrued renal damage during their follow-up. Early response to treatment (HR=0.58), antimalarial use (HR=0.54) and a high SES (HR=0.25) were protective of renal damage occurrence, whereas male gender (HR=1.83), hypertension (HR=1.86) and the renal component of the SLEDAI (HR=2.02) were risk factors for its occurrence. Conclusions Early response, antimalarial use and high SES were protective of renal damage, while male gender, hypertension and higher renal activity were risk factors for its occurrence in patients with LN

Latitude gradient influences the age of onset of rheumatoid arthritis : a worldwide survey

The age of onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an important outcome predictor. Northern countries report an age of RA onset of around 50 years, but apparently, variability exists across different geographical regions. The objective of the present study is to assess whether the age of onset of RA varies across latitudes worldwide. In a proof-of-concept cross-sectional worldwide survey, rheumatologists from preselected cities interviewed 20 consecutive RA patients regarding the date of RA onset (RAO, when the patient first noted a swollen joint). Other studied variables included location of each city, rheumatologist settings, latitudes (10A degrees increments, south to north), longitudes (three regions), intracountry consistency, and countries' Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). Data from 2481 patients (82% females) were obtained from 126 rheumatologists in 77 cities of 41 countries. Worldwide mean age of RAO was 44 +/- 14 years (95% CI 44-45). In 28% of patients, RA began before age 36 years and before age 46 years in 50% of patients. RAO was 8 years earlier around the Tropic of Cancer when compared with northern latitudes (p <0.001, 95% CI 3.5-13). Multivariate analysis showed that females, western cities, and latitudes around the Tropic of Cancer are associated with younger age of RAO (R (2) 0.045, p <0.001). A positive correlation was found between the age of RAO and IHDI (r = 0.7, p <0.01, R (2) 0.5). RA often begins at an early age and onset varies across latitudes worldwide. We postulate that countries' developmental status and their geographical and geomagnetic location influence the age of RAO.Peer reviewe

Cleantech insinöörikoulutuksessa

Cleantech-insinoorit -projekti on Lahden ammattikorkeakoulun tekniikan alan hallinnoima ja Hameen ELY-keskuksen osarahoittama Euroopan Sosiaalirahaston hanke, jonka tavoitteena on parantaa Paijat-Hameen cleantech-osaamista seka insinoorikoulutuksen tyoelamavastaavuutta. Projektin tavoitteena on tuottaa uudenlainen koulutuksen toimintamalli, joka luo aitoja edellytyksia cleantech-innovaatioiden syntymiselle seka uusille tuotteille ja palveluille ymparistoliiketoiminnan alueella. Uuden yhteistyo- ja toimintamallin kehittaminen tekniikan alan koulutukseen perustuu yhteistyohon yrityselaman ja muiden toimijoiden kanssa. Yhteistyota on toteutettu erilaisissa opiskelija- ja T&K-projekteissa, opinnaytetoissa, koulutuksissa, tyopajoissa, seminaareissa, opintomatkoilla ja benchmarkkaamalla erilaisia kaytantoja koti- ja ulkomailla. Uusi yhteistyo- ja toimintamalli kasittaa lisaksi CDIO-/PBL-pedagogiikkaan (CDIO = Conceive – Design – Implement – Operate- / PBL = Problem Based Learning) perustuvan oppimismallin tuomisen tekniikan alan koulutukseen perinteisten insinooritietojen ja -taitojen ohella seka cleantech-osaamisen sisallyttamisen opintosuunnitelmiin. Myos tyoelamalta saadut tiedot tyoelamaosaamisen osaamis- ja muista tarpeista sisallytetaan opintosuunnitelmiin. Lahden ammattikorkeakoulu haluaa osaltaan seka kehittaa insinoorikoulutusta vastaamaan alueen cleantech-yritysten osaamistarpeita etta osallistua alueen yritysten tuotteiden, palvelujen ja prosessien kehittamiseen. Cleantech-insinoorit -projektin tarkoituksena on tunnistaa puhtaan teknologian suunnittelemisessa ja hyodyntamisessa tarvittavia tietoja ja taitoja ja integroida ne insinoorien koulutukseen. Lahden ammattikorkeakoulun tekniikan alalla on viisi koulutusohjelmaa, joista jokaisen cleantech-tarpeita on projektissa tarkasteltu. Lisaksi projektissa selvitettiin olemassa olevan tiedon avulla cleantech-sektorin tarpeita. Cleantech-osaamisen koulutustarvekartoitus tehtiin syksylla 2011, josta tarkempi koulutussuunnitelma cleantech-osaamisen parantamiseksi Paijat-Hameessa valmistui joulukuussa 2011. Kartoituksen ja yritysten haastattelujen pohjalta projektissa toteutettiin cleantech-osaamisen parantamiseksi koulutuksia vuosina 2012 – 2013. Koulutukset pureutuivat ajankohtaisiin teemoihin, kuten vihreaan ICT:hen, energia- ja materiaalitehokkuuteen, kestaviin hankintoihin seka ajankohtaisiin lainsaadannon vaatimuksiin. Tassa artikkelikokoelmassa kerrotaan Lahden ammattikorkeakoulun tekniikan alan koulutusohjelmien toimenpiteista, joilla alueen ja insinoorikoulutuksen cleantech-osaamista ja tyoelamavastaavuutta on parannettu. Raportin suomenkielisessa osassa on tarkasteltu cleantech-liiketoiminnan globaaleja markkinoita ja tulevaisuuden nakymia seka Suomen ja Lahden seudun cleantech-osaamista ja osaamistarpeita. Materiaalitekniikan koulutusohjelman artikkeleissa on kasitelty opintosuunnitelman muutostyota, joka kasittaa myos cleantech-nakokulman ja CDIO- / PBL-pedagogiikan sisallyttamisen opintosuunnitelmaan. Mekatroniikan koulutusohjelman artikkelissa on kasitelty CDIO- / PBL-pedagogiikan lahestymistapaa ja toteutumista kone- ja tuotantotekniikan koulutusohjelmassa. Raportin englanninkielinen osuus kasittelee ymparistoteknologian koulutusohjelman opintosuunnitelman muutosta, joka sisaltaa myos englanninkielisen ylemman ammattikorkeakoulututkinnon. Lisaksi englanninkieliset artikkelit kasittelevat tietotekniikan koulutusohjelman cleantech-nakokulmaa Green ICT -moduuleissa