Pengembangan Buku Ajar Biologi Sel dengan Pendekatan Bioinformatika

Textbooks are learning guide books used by students in order to help achieve the goals of national education. Development of textbooks is one of the ways in which to facilitate the achievement of learning indicators. Development of Cell Biology textbooks by using bioinformatics approaches Dick and Carey development model. Textbooks developed validated by subject matter experts, instructional media experts, individual testing 15 students, and 15 students were group trial. Validation results matter experts declared feasible by 84% in good categories. The results of the validation study media experts declared feasible by 82.4% in good categories.Buku ajar merupakan buku panduan pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh siswa guna membantu mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional. Pengembangan buku ajar merupakan salah satu cara yang dilakukan untuk memfasilitasi tercapainya indikator pembelajaran. Pengembangan buku ajar Biologi Sel dengan pendekatan Bioinformatika menggunakan model pengembangan Dick and Carey. Buku ajar yang dikembangkan divalidasi oleh ahli materi, ahli media pembelajaran, 15 mahasiswa uji coba perorangan, dan 15 mahasiswa uji coba kelompok sedang. Hasil validasi ahli materi menyatakan layak sebesar 84% dengan kategori baik. Hasil validasi ahli media pembelajaran menyatakan layak sebesar 82,4% dengan kategori baik

Surface stress of Ni adlayers on W(110): the critical role of the surface atomic structure

Puzzling trends in surface stress were reported experimentally for Ni/W(110) as a function of Ni coverage. In order to explain this behavior, we have performed a density-functional-theory study of the surface stress and atomic structure of the pseudomorphic and of several different possible 1x7 configurations for this system. For the 1x7 phase, we predict a different, more regular atomic structure than previously proposed based on surface x-ray diffraction. At the same time, we reproduce the unexpected experimental change of surface stress between the pseudomorphic and 1x7 configuration along the crystallographic surface direction which does not undergo density changes. We show that the observed behavior in the surface stress is dominated by the effect of a change in Ni adsorption/coordination sites on the W(110) surface.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures Published in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 24 (2012) 13500

The atomic structure of low-index surfaces of the intermetallic compound InPd

The intermetallic compound InPd (CsCl type of crystal structure with a broad compositional range) is considered as a candidate catalyst for the steam reforming of methanol. Single crystals of this phase have been grown to study the structure of its three low-index surfaces under ultra-high vacuum conditions, using low energy electron diffraction (LEED), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). During surface preparation, preferential sputtering leads to a depletion of In within the top few layers for all three surfaces. The near-surface regions remain slightly Pd-rich until annealing to ∼580 K. A transition occurs between 580 and 660 K where In segregates towards the surface and the near-surface regions become slightly In-rich above ∼660 K. This transition is accompanied by a sharpening of LEED patterns and formation of flat step-terrace morphology, as observed by STM. Several superstructures have been identified for the different surfaces associated with this process. Annealing to higher temperatures (≥750 K) leads to faceting via thermal etching as shown for the (110) surface, with a bulk In composition close to the In-rich limit of the existence domain of the cubic phase. The Pd-rich InPd(111) is found to be consistent with a Pd-terminated bulk truncation model as shown by dynamical LEED analysis while, after annealing at higher temperature, the In-rich InPd(111) is consistent with an In-terminated bulk truncation, in agreement with density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the relative surface energies. More complex surface structures are observed for the (100) surface. Additionally, individual grains of a polycrystalline sample are characterized by micro-spot XPS and LEED as well as low-energy electron microscopy. Results from both individual grains and “global” measurements are interpreted based on comparison to our single crystals findings, DFT calculations and previous literature

Pre-flight experiments for the unmanned aerial monitoring system (UAMS) radioactive detection under its limitations

Over the past few years, drones have become a popular tool for a variety of applications related to nuclear activities, including outdoor and indoor surveys, and dose mapping. Drones have been employed by the industry in terms of improving worker safety, saving time, and reducing costs. In this study, an unmanned aerial monitoring system (UAMS) was designed and fabricated under its limitation to detect radioactive hotspots. The final goal is to map environmental radioactivity and extract radioactive concentration points; therefore, preliminary experiments were performed to reach a robust detection system and also to study effective flight altitudes that UAMS is able to detect anomalies. UAMS consisted of a detection system including a two-inch sodium iodine crystal, a data-acquisition system, and a mini-computer that all were installed under a drone body. One Cs-137 and two Co-60 sources were used for the initial monitoring of UAMS. The results showed that the system is able to detect the sources in the height range of 80 cm to 3 meters

One ring (or two) to hold them all. On the structure and function of protein nanotubes

Understanding the structural determinants relevant to the formation of supramolecular assemblies of homo-oligomeric proteins is a traditional and central scope of structural biology. The knowledge thus gained is crucial both to infer their physiological function and exploit their architecture for bionanomaterials design. Protein nanotubes made by one-dimensional (1D) arrays of homo-oligomers can be generated by either a commutative mechanism, yielding an “open” structure (e.g. actin), or a non-commutative mechanism, whereby the final structure is formed by hierarchical self- assembly of intermediate “closed” structures. Examples of the latter process are poorly described and the rules by which they assemble have not been unequivocally defined. We hereby collected and investigated examples of homo-oligomeric circular arrangements that form 1D filaments of stacked rings by the non-commutative mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Based on their quaternary structure, circular arrangements of protein subunits can be subdivided into two groups that we call Rings of Dimers (RoDs), e.g peroxiredoxin and SP1, and Dimers of Rings (DoRs), e.g. thermosome, depending on the sub-structures that can be identified within the assembly (and, in some cases, populated in solution under selected experimental conditions). Structural analysis allowed us to identify the determinants by which ring-like molecular chaperones form filamentous-like assemblies and to formulate a novel hypothesis by which nanotube assembly, molecular chaperone activity and macromolecular crowding may be interconnected

Simultaneous detection of lung fusions using a multiplex RT-PCR next generation sequencing-based approach:A multi-institutional research study

Contains fulltext : 195300.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Spatial-Related Community Structure and Dynamics in Phytoplankton of the Ross Sea, Antarctica

The Ross Sea exhibits the largest continental shelf and it is considered to be the most productive region in Antarctica, with phytoplankton communities that have so far been considered to be driven by the seasonal dynamics of the polynya, producing the picture of what is considered as the classical Antarctic food web. Nevertheless, the Ross Sea is made up of a complex mosaic of sub-systems, with physical, chemical, and biological features that change on different temporal and spatial scales. Thus, we investigated the phytoplankton community structure of the Ross Sea with a spatial scale, considering the different ecological sub-systems of the region. The total phytoplankton biomass, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), size classes, and main functional groups were analyzed in relation to physical–chemical properties of the water column during the austral summer of 2017. Data from our study showed productivity differences between polynyas and other areas, with high values of biomass in Terra Nova Bay (up to 272 mg chl a m–2) and the south-central Ross Sea (up to 177 mg chl a m–2) that contrast with the HNLC nature of the off-shore waters during summer. Diatoms were the dominant group in all the studied subsystems (relative proportion ≥ 50%) except the southern one, where they coexisted with haptophytes with a similar percentage. Additionally, the upper mixed layer depth seemed to influence the level of biomass rather than the dominance of different functional groups. However, relatively high percentages of dinoflagellates (∼30%) were observed in the area near Cape Adare. The temporal variability observed at the repeatedly sampled stations differed among the sub-systems, suggesting the importance of Long-Term Ecological Research (L-TER) sites in monitoring and studying the dynamics of such an important system for the global carbon cycle as the Ross Sea. Our results provide new insights into the spatial distribution and structure of phytoplankton communities, with different sub-systems following alternative pathways for primary production, identifiable by the use of appropriate sampling scales

Performances of a portable Fourier transform hyperspectral imaging camera for rapid investigation of paintings

Abstract: Scientific investigation in the cultural heritage field is generally aimed at the characterization of the constituent materials and the conservation status of artworks. Since the 1990s, reflectance spectral imaging proved able to map pigments, reveal hidden details and evaluate the presence of restorations in paintings. Over the past two decades, hyperspectral imaging has further improved our understanding of paints and of its changes in time. In this work, we present an innovative hyperspectral camera, based on the Fourier transform approach, utilising an ultra-stable interferometer and we describe its advantages and drawbacks with respect to the commonly used line- and spectral-scanning methods. To mitigate the weaknesses of the Fourier transform hyperspectral imaging, we propose a strategy based on the virtual extension of the dynamic range of the camera and on the design of an illumination system with a balanced emission throughout the spectral range of interest. The hyperspectral camera was employed for the analysis of a painting from the “Album of Nasir al-din Shah”. By applying analysis routines based on supervised spectral unmixing, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our camera for pigment mapping. This work shows how the proposed hyperspectral imaging camera based on the Fourier transform is a promising technique for robust and compact in situ investigation of artistic objects in conditions compatible with museum and archaeological sites. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Atomic structure of different surface terminations of polycrystalline ZnPd

The intermetallic compound ZnPd has been found to have desirable characteristics as a catalyst for the steam reforming of methanol. The understanding of the surface structure of ZnPd is important to optimize its catalytic behavior. However, due to the lack of bulk single-crystal samples and the complexity of characterizing surface properties in the available polycrystalline samples using common experimental techniques, all previous surface science studies of this compound have been performed on surface alloy samples formed through thin-film deposition. In this study, we present findings on the chemical and atomic structure of the surfaces of bulk polycrystalline ZnPd studied by a variety of complementary experimental techniques, including scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low energy electron microscopy (LEEM), photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), and microspot low-energy electron diffraction (μ-LEED). These experimental techniques, combined with density functional theory (DFT)-based thermodynamic calculations of surface free energy and detachment kinetics at the step edges, confirm that surfaces terminated by atomic layers composed of both Zn and Pd atoms are more stable than those terminated by only Zn or Pd layers. DFT calculations also demonstrate that the primary contribution to the tunneling current arises from Pd atoms, in agreement with the STM results. The formation of intermetallics at surfaces may contribute to the superior catalyst properties of ZnPd over Zn or Pd elemental counterparts. Published by the American Physical Society 2024 </jats:sec