Random matrix theory and symmetric spaces

In this review we discuss the relationship between random matrix theories and symmetric spaces. We show that the integration manifolds of random matrix theories, the eigenvalue distribution, and the Dyson and boundary indices characterizing the ensembles are in strict correspondence with symmetric spaces and the intrinsic characteristics of their restricted root lattices. Several important results can be obtained from this identification. In particular the Cartan classification of triplets of symmetric spaces with positive, zero and negative curvature gives rise to a new classification of random matrix ensembles. The review is organized into two main parts. In Part I the theory of symmetric spaces is reviewed with particular emphasis on the ideas relevant for appreciating the correspondence with random matrix theories. In Part II we discuss various applications of symmetric spaces to random matrix theories and in particular the new classification of disordered systems derived from the classification of symmetric spaces. We also review how the mapping from integrable Calogero--Sutherland models to symmetric spaces can be used in the theory of random matrices, with particular consequences for quantum transport problems. We conclude indicating some interesting new directions of research based on these identifications.Comment: 161 pages, LaTeX, no figures. Revised version with major additions in the second part of the review. Version accepted for publication on Physics Report

Serum magnesium and copper levels in Bangladeshi women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Background and objectives: Alteration of magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) concentrations in blood has been observed in normal pregnancy as well as in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum Mg and Cu levels in Bangladeshi women with GDM in their second and third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: The study was conducted at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. Pregnant women, in their second and third trimester, attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Endocrinology of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital were enrolled by purposive sampling technique. GDM was diagnosed on the basis of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as defined in WHO criteria 2013. Blood glucose was estimated by enzymatic GOD-PAP colorimetric method. The cut off value for fasting plasma glucose level was ≥6.1 mmol/L or ≥7.8 mmol/L 2 hours after glucose load. Serum Cu was estimated by 3, 5-DiBr-PAESA method and Mg by Xylidyl Blue-I Method as per manufacturer’s instruction. Results: A total of 172 pregnant women in their second and third trimester were enrolled. Out of 172 participants, 86 had GDM and 86 were normoglycemic (control). The mean age of GDM and control groups was 28.6±3.2 years and 27.3±3.1 years respectively. The BMI was 26.4±1.5 m/kg2 and 26.3±1.3 m/kg2. Serum Mg level was significantly low (p< 0.001) in 2nd and 3rd trimesters in GDM cases (1.39±0.26 mg/dl and 0.93±0.15 mg/dl) compared to control group (1.67±0.3 mg/dl and 1.67±0.31mg/dl). On the contrary, serum Cu levels in GDM cases were significantly (p<0.002) higher in both trimesters (224±333.8 µg/dl and 243.91±6.89 µg/dl) compared to those without GDM (220.1±7.6 µg/dl and 234.9±4.6 µg/dl). There was significant (p<0.001) increase of serum Cu levels in 3rd trimester compared to 2nd trimester in both GDM and non GDM cases. Conclusion: There was distinct alteration of serum Mg and Cu levels in GDM compared to normal pregnancy. IMC J Med Sci 2017; 11(1): 25-2

Serum Zinc and Copper Levels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Background: The term gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is becoming a major health problem in developing countries undergoing rapid changes in lifestyle, dietary habits and body mass index. GDM is associated with an increased incidence of congenital abnormalities which is also aggravated by mother’s zinc and copper deficiency. Zinc and copper are essential trace elements for normal embryogenesis and fetal growth and their deficiency increase mortality and morbidity of mothers, embryos and neonates. This study was designed to evaluate the association of serum zinc and copper with GDM in second and third trimester.Methods: It was a case-control study. This study was conducted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the association of zinc and copper levels of pregnant women with GDM. A total induded of 172 subjects were participated in this study; among them 86 women diagnosed with GDM were selected as case (Group-I) and 86 healthy pregnant women were control (Group- II).The case group was again subdivided as Group Ia and Ib according to second and third trimester respectively. Control group was also subdivided as Group IIa and IIb according to second and third trimester respectively. Student’s unpaired ‘t’ test was used to analyse the data between groups. For analytical purpose 95% confidence limit (p&lt;0.05) was taken as level of significance.Results: There was significant difference in serum zinc and copper levels in cases compared to control group. Highly significant difference (p&lt;0.001) was found when serum zinc was compared between women with GDM and normoglycemic pregnant women in second and third trimester. Serum copper level was significantly increased in cases compared to control group in second trimester and the difference was found highly significant (p&lt;0.001) and significant difference (p&lt;0.01) was found in GDM compared to normoglycemic pregnant women in third trimester.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(1): 52-55</jats:p

Status of some Trace Elements in Type-2 Diabetic Patients and its Relationship with Lipid Profile

Investigation of the serum level of copper, zinc, magnesium and manganese in type-2 diabetes mellitus and their possible association with lipid profile was carried out. The comparative study included 100 type-2 diabetic patients in Gr-II and 100 non-diabetic as control in (Gr-I). Results indicated that there is a significant lower level (p &lt; .001) of serum Zn, Cu, Mg and Mn in diabetic patients compared with the control group, showing p value &lt; .001. In type-2 DM patients (Gr-II) there were significant correlations between serum Zn and TAG (r = 0.209) and between Zn and HDL-C level (r = .199) showing p value &lt;.05. Non significant relationships were found in between Zn and lipid profile (TAG, Cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C) of control (Gr-I) group. Significant correlation was found between serum magnesium and TAG of control (Gr-I) where p &lt; .01 and non significant correlations were found in serum Mg and total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C of both type-2 diabetic (Gr-II) and control (Gr-I). Significant correlations were also found in between serum of Cu and Mn and TAG of control (Gr-I) where p &lt; .05 and non significant correlations were found in other component of lipid profile of both cases (Gr-II) and control (Gr-I).Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 1, 79-85, 2016</jats:p

A Case of Dextrocardia with Single Atrium with A-V canal Defect with Pulm Hypertension- Case Report with Review

Congenital Heart disease is although uncommon but is not rare. Complex congenital Heart disease is more rare. The survivality is less. Most of the patient die in the Early childhood. Our patient survive up to the age of 23 yrs. Early diagnosis &amp; early corrective surgery will prolong the survivality &amp; even normal life. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/uhj.v8i2.16086 University Heart Journal Vol. 8, No. 2, July 2012</jats:p

Prediction of Iron Deficiency by Red Cell Distribution Width, Mean Corpuscular Volume and Haemoglobin Concentration in Pregnant Women

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a routine parameter in fully automated hematology auto analyzer, can give the idea of iron deficiency before haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in early iron deficiency or latent stage. Patient can be benefited by doing complete blood count including RDW for the diagnosis of early iron deficiency as a cheaper test than iron profile. This study was aimed to predict early iron deficiency by RDW, mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin concentration in pregnant women.&#x0D; Methods: In this study, 190 pregnant women were included from Gynae and Obstetric outdoor of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from august 2008-2009. Complete blood count including haemoglobin percentage, mean corpuscular volume and RDW and iron profile were done. RDW was compared with haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume in various stages of iron deficiency.&#x0D; Results: RDW was more significant than haemoglobin concentration in latent iron deficiency when haemoglobin level was normal (p&lt;0.05). In mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia, RDW was increased progressively though haemoglobin level was reduced. RDW was more significant than mean corpuscular volume level in latent iron deficiency, mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia. The difference of mean corpuscular volume and RDW was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) in latent iron deficiency, mild iron deficiency anaemia and moderate iron deficiency anaemia (p value of 0.001, 0.001 and 0.011). In this study RDW had sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 97.4%. haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume had sensitivity 56.6% and 29.2 % and specificity 90.9% and 98.7 % respectively. Based on the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves RDW had the best area (0.925) under curve compared to haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume.&#x0D; Conclusion: Latent iron deficiency without other existing disease like haemoglobinopathy, early folate / vit B12 deficiency could be predicted early by increased RDW when haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume were normal.&#x0D; Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 111-116</jats:p

Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from Pulmonary Trunk in an Adult Patient –A Rare Occurrence

Anomalous origin of coronary arteries is a rare cause of cardiac disease. One of the very rare coronary anomalies is origin of left main coronary artery from pulmonary trunk. Most of these patients die in the first year of life and only 10-15% survive in adulthood. We are reporting a rare case of anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery who survives into sixth decade of life. Key words: Anomalous origin of coronary artery, Pulmonary artery, Left coronary artery DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v1i1.8209 Cardiovasc. j. 2008; 1(1) : 117-121</jats:p

Serum Magnesium Level in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy. GDM is associated with an increased incidence of congenital abnormalities usually aggravated by maternal magnesium deficiency. Magnesium is one of the essential trace elements for normal embryogenesis and foetal growth and its deficiency increases mortality and morbidity rate of mothers, embryos and neonates. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association of serum magnesium with GDM in second and third trimester of pregnancy. This case-control study was conducted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the association of serum magnesium with GDM in Bangladeshi women. A total of 172 subjects were recruited in this study; among them eighty six women with GDM were selected as case (Group-I) and eighty six healthy pregnant women were taken as control (Group- II). The cases again were subdivided as Group Ia and Ib at second and third trimester respectively. Controls also were subdivided as Group IIa and IIb at second and third trimester respectively. Student's unpaired 't' test was used to compare the data between groups. For analytical purpose 95% confidence limit (p&lt;0.05) was taken as level of significance. Serum magnesium level was significantly decreased in cases compared to that of controls. It was significantly lowered (p&lt;0.001) in cases Gr-Ia (1.3884±0.255 mg/dl) than controls Gr-IIa (1.6651±0.304 mg/dl) at second trimester. The result was also significantly (p&lt;0.001) lowered when compared between cases Gr-Ib (0.9349±0.145 mg/dl) and controls Gr-IIb (1.6674±0.308 mg/dl) at third trimester. The study shows that serum magnesium level is decreased in pregnancy with GDM. So estimation of serum magnesium level may be done in every GDM cases to reduce the incidence of magnesium related complications by timely intervention.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2016; 9(2): 59-62</jats:p