The Effect Of Blended Learning Approach On Fifth Grade Students’ Academic Achievement In My Beautiful Language Textbook And The Development Of Their Verbal Creative Thinking In Saudi Arabia

This study aims at investigating the effect of Blended Learning approach compared to the traditional learning approach on fifth grade students’ achievement in My Beautiful Language Textbook and the development of their verbal creative thinking. The study consisted of 49 students among which 25 are males in the Experimental Group and 24 females in the Control Group. The study found a statistical significant difference (? ? 0.05) between the mean scores of the two study groups in achievement posttest and verbal creative thinking post application test. The experiment group which was taught using the blended approach of learning outperformed the Control Group in both tests. Thus, learning My Beautiful Language Textbook using the blended approach is more effective than the traditional method in terms of achievement and the development of verbal creative thinking skills. In light of this, the study recommends the adoption of blended approach in learning My Beautiful Language Textbook, the curriculum computerization, holding series of training courses, and workshops for teachers in school districts on how to effectively implement the blended approach.

Saudi-Yemeni Territorial Sovereignty Disputes Over 'Asir, Jizan, Najran and the Rub' Al-Khali Desert Frontier : Legal Analysis of Some Aspects of Former Claims and the Final Settlement Under the 2000 Treaty of Jeddah

This thesis is concerned with the former disputes between Saudi Arabia and Yemen over title to the territories of' Asir, Jizan, Najran and the Rub' Al-Khali Desert frontier. Although the disputes were settled by the 2000 Treaty of Jeddah, it was possible right until the conclusion of that agreement that one of the disputing states could have submitted the disputes to arbitration, in which case the legal claims made by each state would have been highly significant. After examining the political and historical background of the disputed territories, the thesis examines three legal phases of the disputes. The first phase of the analysis is to identify the nature of claims: were they title or boundary claims or a combination of the two. The analysis shows that the two states asserted claims of both a title and a boundary nature, although the focus of this thesis is primarily on the title claims. It appears from the analysis that the title claims fall into two categories: claims related to international treaties and claims based on title acquisition modes. The second legal phase of the analysis will therefore concentrate on claims related to the two treaties that were pertinent to the disputes: the 1914 Anglo-Turkish Convention and the 1934 Treaty of Taif. The first treaty arguably delimited a boundary line, the 'Violet Line', located in the Rub' Al-Khali Desert. However, this purported delimitation was the subject of a series of claims and counter-claims between Saudi Arabia and Britain from 1934, until southern Yemen's independence in 1967, which put into doubt the continuing validity of the delimitation. This phase of the analysis considers arguments of Saudi succession to the treaty and the validity of the conclusion of the 1914 Convention by the Ottoman Empire. The second relevant treaty was the 1934 Treaty of Taif which was concluded by Saudi Arabia and northern Yemen following a short war, the two states having failed to settle title claims to 'Asir, Jizan and Najran through negotiations. Under the 1934 Treaty, Yemen renounced former title claims to these provinces, which she had formerly raised during the 1927-1934 negotiations. She also agreed with Saudi Arabia on a boundary line. However, from the mid-late 1970s, Yemen resumed its former title claims on various grounds, including the invalidity or termination of the 1934 Treaty. These claims will also be considered in the second phase of the analysis. The third phase of the analysis considers various arguments based on title acquisition/loss modes recognised by international law, such as cession, conquest, and prescription. It seeks to determine which of the two states had stronger claims to title to the disputed territories. Finally, the settlement in the 2000 Treaty of Jeddah is examined and it is asked to what extent the two states respected or ignored their former legal claims in the political settlement. It will also discuss any problems arising from the application of the 2000 Treaty

Role of social media in academic achievement among Northern Border University sudents

The study aimed to measure the impact of social media on academic achievement among a sample of Northern Border University students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study seeks to reach a cognitive perception to recognize the effect of using social media on academic achievement in university students. It relied upon the quantitative and qualitative distribution of each type of social media application among students to determine the importance of social media informing study groups amongst themselves and with faculty members. This helped to identify the negative and positive effects of using social media applications on the process of academic achievement among Northern Border University students. To achieve those objectives, the researchers used the descriptive survey methodology, with the questionnaire used as a study tool. The most prominent results showed that a wide range of students at the University is highly interested in using social media in academic achievement and in communicating with the Faculty members. The study also concluded with a proposal to increase the activation of social media as an important tool for increasing the rate of academic achievement among Northern Border University students

Pregnant & Lactating Mothers’ Attitudes and Practice of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding at King Fahd Hospital of University (KFHU) – Khobar, Saudi Arabia: Appraisal of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiatives

Background: World Health organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) have been recommended the application of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) in order to promote & support breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to assess pregnant and lactating mothers' attitudes and practice of ten steps to successful breastfeeding at KFHU. Methods: Data was collected using interview questionnaire sheet from pregnant ladies in the third trimester (N=73) and lactating mothers (N=84) who are delivered and have infants from 6 hours up to 6 months of life at KFHU. Results: more than two thirds of the sample has secondary or university education. Majority of mothers breastfed their previous children but 36.9% of them discontinued breastfeeding before 6 months. Health education addressing breastfeeding was given only for 16.6% of the total sample. Mothers agree to feed their babies on demand (74.5%), day and night (82.8%), to continue breastfeeding up to 2 years (75.8%), while 47.8% were agree to exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.Conclusion: Although there was a clear agreement about the steps to successful breastfeeding among pregnant & lactating mothers, the actual practice of these steps are obviously incongruent with BFHI criteria for accreditation. Recommendation: health education, training and support for all pregnant and lactating mothers are crucial elements to promote breastfeeding, as well as the hospital policy taking into consideration to turn the BFHI into practice for the purpose of accreditation. Keywords: Breastfeeding, attitudes, practice, Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative

Variation in body composition during the ramadan fast in athletes following a varied sports training program: intersex variations

Introduction and Objective. Ramadan fasting, characterized by diurnal abstinence from food and water, can significantly impact body composition, particularly in athletes undergoing intense training. This study aimed to evaluate gender-specific variations in body composition among university athletes following a varied sports training program during Ramadan. Methodology. A total of 129 athletes (76 women, 53 men; aged 18-21 years) were assessed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770) before and during the fourth week of Ramadan. Measurements included fat mass, lean mass, body circumferences, and water parameters under controlled conditions. Results. Male athletes exhibited a significant reduction in body weight (−0.46%, p = .045; Cohen’s 0.21, 95% CI [0.01, 0.41]) and overall fat mass (−4.11%, p = .031; 0.25, 95% CI [0.05, 0.45]), including segmental fat mass, while maintaining lean body mass and skeletal muscle mass. Female athletes showed reductions in hip, abdominal, and arm circumferences, with significant decreases in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass. Both genders displayed a decrease in bone mineral content. Conclusions. The findings highlight distinct metabolic and morphological adaptations between genders during Ramadan fasting, suggesting the need for personalized nutritional and training strategies to optimize performance and health outcomes. However, the absence of a non-fasting control group and the lack of precise dietary and hydration monitoring limit the interpretation of these results

An Approach of Semantic Similarity Measure between Documents Based on Big Data

Semantic indexing and document similarity is an important information retrieval system problem in Big Data with broad applications. In this paper, we investigate MapReduce programming model as a specific framework for managing distributed processing in a large of amount documents. Then we study the state of the art of different approaches for computing the similarity of documents. Finally, we propose our approach of semantic similarity measures using WordNet as an external network semantic resource. For evaluation, we compare the proposed approach with other approaches previously presented by using our new MapReduce algorithm. Experimental results review that our proposed approach outperforms the state of the art ones on running time performance and increases the measurement of semantic similarity

The Relationship between Writing Proficiency in English and Metacognitive Awareness of Writing Strategies among EFL University Students

Scholarly interest in the interplay between metacognition and language learning has notably surged. The expanding corpus of literature uniformly acknowledges the pivotal role that metacognitive knowledge occupies within the framework of language education. Precisely, the metacognitive awareness concerning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning strategies empowers learners to supervise, regulate, and optimize their educational endeavors. Metacognitive knowledge encompasses an awareness of one’s linguistic proficiency and the strategies pertinent for its enhancement. Equally, a deficiency in such awareness poses significant impediments to the language learning trajectory. Against this backdrop, the present study probes the nexus between metacognitive knowledge and language learning. the specific objective of the current study is to explore the correlation between EFL college students’ English writing proficiency and their writing metacognitive awareness. In order to reach this goal, a language proficiency test in writing and a Metacognitive Awareness Writing Questionnaire (MAWQ) were employed to collect the data. The participants in the study included 94 university students belonging to the department of English studies at the faculty of Letters and Human Sciences of Meknes and the Higher school for Training and Education of Kenitra. To analyze the collected data, the study made use of various statistical tools, including Simple Linear Regression and Pearson product-moment correlation. The results of the explored connection presented that there is a significant positive relationship between students’ writing performance and their metacognitive awareness of writing, with a ρ -value of 0.793. The results also showed that writing metacognitive awareness could predict 62% of the variability in writing ability. This study has also precipitated a range of implications related to pedagogy and methodology, alongside recommendations for teachers of English, syllabus designers, academic English studies departments, and coming scholarly inquiries

Gestion des données pour les architectures microservises

Au cours des dernières années, les architectures microservices sont devenues une partie essentielle dans le développement d’applications. Comme ces derniers offrent une approche légère, indépendante, réutilisable et rapide du déploiement des services qui réduit les risques liés à l’infrastructure. Ces avantages soulèvent un problème concernant le partage de la base de données entre les microservices constituant l’application. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons développé une application basée sur l’architecture de microservices. Les tests de performances ont montré la scalabilté de notre application, Malgré l’augmentation du nombre des requêtes, la latence du système tend à se stabiliser, contrairement aux architecteurs monolithique

Bootstrapping Autonomous Driving Radars with Self-Supervised Learning

The perception of autonomous vehicles using radars has attracted increased research interest due its ability to operate in fog and bad weather. However, training radar models is hindered by the cost and difficulty of annotating large-scale radar data. To overcome this bottleneck, we propose a self-supervised learning framework to leverage the large amount of unlabeled radar data to pre-train radar-only embeddings for self-driving perception tasks. The proposed method combines radar-to-radar and radar-to-vision contrastive losses to learn a general representation from unlabeled radar heatmaps paired with their corresponding camera images. When used for downstream object detection, we demonstrate that the proposed self-supervision framework can improve the accuracy of state-of-the-art supervised baselines by $5.8\%$ in mAP. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/yiduohao/Radical}.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 202