Remarks Made at the TELECOM 95 Conference, 3 October 1995

This is a reprint of the address made by President Nelson Mandela at the TELECOM 95 Conference from October 3, 1995. In his remarks, he stressed the importance of new technologies for the development of the African continent, as well as the need for the expansion of communication and information networks. President Mandela also set forth his own set of principles designed to enable the full participation of both the developed countries and the developing countries in building a global information society

My mede Suid-Afrikaners

462.B.4.1(1).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.My mede Suid-Afrikaners. 1994. Die Burger, 04 May:8.An address by Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, president of the African National Congress (ANC), expressing his joy and gratitude to the people of South Africa for their overwhelming support for the ANC during the election period and to those who helped make the voting process a success. Mr Mandela goes on to assure South Africans that he and the ANC will do their best to serve all people of South Africa and build a better future together

My fellow South Africans

462.B.4.1(2).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.My fellow South Africans. 1994. Cape Times, 04 May:4.An address by Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, president of the African National Congress (ANC), expressing his joy and gratitude to the people of South Africa for their overwhelming support for the ANC during the election period and to those who helped make the voting process a success. Mr Mandela goes on to assure South Africans that he and the ANC will do their best to serve all people of South Africa and build a better future together

To the South African Muslim community

462.B.1.3(61).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.Newspaper advertisement delivering a message from Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela to the Muslim community celebrating Eid-ul-Fitr, asking their support and participation in the April 27 elections. Advertisement issued by the ANC Department of Information and Publicity (DIP)

Laat ons in sulke oorweldigende getalle stem

462.B.1.3(15).pdf created from the media publications in the SA Election material Collection MS 462, held in the Manuscripts Section of the Stellenbosch Library and Information Service.Laat ons in sulke oorweldigende getalle stem. 1994. Die Burger, 27 April:12.Newspaper advertisement by the African National Congress (ANC) delivering a message by Nelson Mandela in which he calls on the people of South African to unite in such overwhelming numbers and vote on the 27th April 1994 to show their support for the country, it's people, freedom, and life. He stresses the significance of this moment in South African history. Advertisement issued by the ANC Department of Information and Publicity (DIP)

ENEMIES OF PROGRESS: PERSPECTIVES ON BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE UNIVERSITY-COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT TOWARDS CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION AT NDEJJE UNIVERSITY, UGANDA

Climate change remains a crucial threat to sustainable development, particularly in African contexts that are at more risk of its effects and more vulnerable to its impacts. While Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Uganda have made some commendable steps in structuring missions and frameworks for enhancing climate change action, such structures remain scattered in several documents, making it difficult to track, conceptualize, and effectively implement through universities’ third mission of community engagement. This paper provides an understanding of barriers to effective university community engagement towards climate change action and effective mainstreaming of climate change in engagement programs. The findings in this paper are based on data generated through document analysis, interviews and focus group discussions with university staff, students and community leaders at and around Ndejje University in Luwero district, Uganda. Data was analysed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis approach with the help of MAXQDA software. The researchers observe various challenges that the implementing units at the case university face. These included institutional constraints, resource-related barriers, COVID-19 and its impacts, myths and misconceptions about climate change. These challenges highlighted the gaps that still exist in many African universities’ efforts towards community engagement that need immediate attention. Indeed, these university community engagement barriers decelerate university community engagement efforts towards climate change action in the Ndejje community. It is hoped that these findings may be useful for university management, stakeholders, and other policymakers in finding practical and relevant solutions to these established contextualised challenges leading to the effective delivery of community engagement programs and climate change mitigation and adaptation programs.  Article visualizations

Availability and Utilisation of Science Laboratory Facilities on Science Teacher-Trainees’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Science

This study assessed final-year science teacher-trainee perceptions of the impact of the availability and utilization of laboratory facilities on science students' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in science at Accra and Ada Colleges of Education. This research was motivated by an initial study that stated that the majority of junior high school science teachers were unable to teach science effectively so it was easier for students to understand. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional descriptive survey design involving 62 intern teachers, 15 science tutors, and two school principals. The research instrument (tutor and teacher questionnaire) was declared suitable for use after a slight revision with the Validity and Reliability scores of 0.84 and 0.86. The research revealed that final-year science teacher candidates at the Accra College of Education were of the opinion that the availability and utilization of laboratory facilities had a moderate but neutral impact on PCK in science, in contrast to the results of research by science teachers at Ada College which stated that the availability and use of Laboratory facilities have a high and positive impact on PCK Science. It is recommended that science tutors engage science trainee teachers in efficient hands-on activities, and also focus on on-campus and off-campus practicums to develop the training of PCK science trainee teachers

Genomic prediction and genome wide association mapping of quality traits in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)

Conventional tea breeding consisting of recurrent cycles of crossing, field evaluation and phenotypic selection is the main breeding technique for tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze). However, it is a time consuming process, that result in slow genetic gain. In order to accelerate tea breeding, the use of modern breeding methods is required. In this regard, genomic selection (GS) and genome wide association studies (GWAS) has been considered most promising for genetic improvement of complex traits. The main aim of our study was to investigate the applicability of GS and GWAS in tea breeding. A training population consisting of 103 tea genotypes located at two sites were genotyped using genotyping by sequencing (GBS). Twelve biochemical traits known to influence tea quality were evaluated using Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Hierarchical cluster and principle component analyses distinguished the 103 genotypes based on their biochemical properties. Additionally, specific biochemical compounds correlated with sensory properties; mouthfeel and taste correlated with ECG and EGCG, respectively. This implies that biochemical compounds could be used for selecting high quality teas objectively at the seedlings stage while the genotypes are still in the nursery, hence saving time. We also concluded that an optimized miniature process could be used for manufacturing different tea varieties into black tea, however technologies that could optimally control withering and fermentation steps for the different tea varieties developed in a breeding programme could be explored further. Using GWAS, we identified 64 significant SNP markers and candidate genes associated with the biochemical traits. The potential candidate genes identified included transferases, cytochrome P450 704C1 like proteins, E3 ubiquitin protein ligases, ATP dependent zinc metalloprotease and exopolygalacturonases. The candidate genes and the associated SNPs provide valuable resources for future studies to breed high quality tea varieties and to understand the genetic basis of tea quality at a chemical level, to complement the current sensory method of tea tasting. The identified SNP markers could be further fine mapped to evaluate their potential involvement in tea quality. Among the 2779 sequence tags, only 929 SNPs were mapped to each of the two published draft genomes. In addition,311 sequences had blast hits while 217 sequences were annotated and were assigned to biological processes, cellular component and molecular functions. We also compared the prediction accuracies of 5 GS models using a 5 fold cross validation approach. However, the performance of all the GS models were almost the same, with RRBLUP, BayesLASSO and BayesA performing slightly better than BayesB and BayesCπ. Traits with high GS accuracies were Epigallocatechin gallate (ECGG), Theanine, Epicatechin (EC), Epicatechin gallate (EGC) and theobromine, while those with low prediction accuracies were Gallocatechin (GC), catechin and Gallic acid (GA). We conclude that implementing GWAS and GS in tea breeding would help to improve the prediction accuracies and benefit from rapid genetic gains from selection of high quality teas

Children's daily travel to school in Johannesburg-Soweto, South Africa: geography and school choice in the Birth to Twenty cohort study

This paper has two aims: to explore approaches to the measurement of children’s daily travel to school in a context of limited geospatial data availability, and to provide data regarding school choice and distance travelled to school in Soweto-Johannesburg, South Africa. The paper makes use of data from the Birth to Twenty cohort study (n=1428) to explore three different approaches to estimating school choice and travel to school. Firstly, straight-line distance between home and school is calculated. Secondly, census geography is used to determine whether a child's home and school fall in the same area. Thirdly, distance data are used to determine whether a child attends the nearest school. Each of these approaches highlights a different aspect of mobility, and all provide valuable data. Overall, primary school aged children in Soweto-Johannesburg are shown to be travelling substantial distances to school on a daily basis. Over a third travel more than 3km, one-way, to school, 60% attend schools outside of the suburb in which they live, and only 18% attend their nearest school. These data provide evidence for high levels of school choice in Johannesburg-Soweto, and that families and children are making substantial investments in pursuit of high quality educational opportunities. Additionally, these data suggest that two patterns of school choice are evident: one pattern involving travel of substantial distances and requiring a higher level of financial investment, and a second pattern, involving choice between more local schools, requiring less travel and a more limited financial investment

Necessary fictions: indigenous claims and the humanity of rights

Indigenous right insistently challenges the surpassing arrogations of sovereign right. In so doing, it affirms dimensions of being-together denied or stunted in sovereign modes of political formation. This force of Indigenous right is amplified here through legal and literary instantiations. These, in turn, uncover the continuously created and fictional quality of rights, revealing them to be necessary fictions