Total antioxidant activity and trace elements in human milk: the first 4 months of breast-feeding

The content of many nutrients in breast milk are dependent on the nutritional status of the lactating woman. This is particularly true for fat and water-soluble vitamins, some of which have antioxidant properties. The aim of the study entertained herein was to evaluate the changes in total antioxidant status of human milk during the first 4 months of lactation, and to correlate such changes with the contents in specific antioxidant oligoelements (Cu, Zn, Mn and Se). Milk samples were collected from (31) lactating women recruited at the Service of Obstetrics of the Hospital de São João in Porto, after 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after birth. The total antioxidant status (TAS) of human milk was measured by the Randox® commercial kit and trace metals by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). The results found for TAS and oligoelements under study show a decrease in the concentration of these parameters from 7 days to 4 months of breast-feeding and significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between TAS and Cu, Zn and Se (not Mn). The decreases of Cu, Zn and Se were also correlated, but not proportional between them, suggesting diverse excretion mechanisms for all. Between primipara and multipara women, a significant difference was found only for Cu and Zn concentrations at 7 days of lactation, but not for the other metals or TAS. With respect to the mother’s age, no correlation was found, either for trace metal concentrations or TAS

E4 ligase–specific ubiquitination hubs coordinate DNA double-strand-break repair and apoptosis

Multiple protein ubiquitination events at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) regulate damage recognition, signaling and repair. It has remained poorly understood how the repair process of DSBs is coordinated with the apoptotic response. Here, we identified the E4 ubiquitin ligase UFD-2 as a mediator of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis in a genetic screen in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that, after initiation of homologous recombination by RAD-51, UFD-2 forms foci that contain substrate-processivity factors including the ubiquitin-selective segregase CDC-48 (p97), the deubiquitination enzyme ATX-3 (Ataxin-3) and the proteasome. In the absence of UFD-2, RAD-51 foci persist, and DNA damage-induced apoptosis is prevented. In contrast, UFD-2 foci are retained until recombination intermediates are removed by the Holliday-junction-processing enzymes GEN-1, MUS-81 or XPF-1. Formation of UFD-2 foci also requires proapoptotic CEP-1 (p53) signaling. Our findings establish a central role of UFD-2 in the coordination between the DNA-repair process and the apoptotic response

effects of the pre-season period

Study aim: To assess changes in physical fitness of amateur soccer players after a pre-season training period and baseline fitness dependencies. Material and methods: Twenty-one amateur soccer players were assessed during the pre-season. The following physical vari ables were assessed before and after a two-month pre-season training period: (i) cardiorespiratory fitness, (ii) strength and power, and (iii) change of direction (COD). Results: Significant decreases were found for countermovement jump (CMJ) (p < 0.001; d = 1.161), drop jump (DJ) (p = 0.014; d = 0.958), and horizontal jump (HJ) (p = 0.042; d = 0.640), while no significant changes were found for the overall variables from the beginning to the end of pre-season. Fit players revealed significant decreases for CMJ (p = 0.002; d = ?2.495), DJ (p = 0.004; d = ?1.760), HJ (p = 0.028; d = ?1.005), COD deficit (p = 0.034; d = 1.013), and maximal aerobic speed (MAS) (p = 0.026; d = ?4.053). No significant changes were found for unfit players. Conclusions: Amateur soccer coaches should consider assessing physical qualities at the beginning of pre-season and use the free-of-charge monitoring tools such as session-rate of perceived exertion (s-RPE) during the training process.D915-7373-ED16 | Cesar LeaoN/

Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Alignment of the ALICE Inner Tracking System with cosmic-ray tracks

37 pages, 15 figures, revised version, accepted by JINSTALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiment devoted to investigating the strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies. The ALICE ITS, Inner Tracking System, consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors with three different technologies; in the outward direction: two layers of pixel detectors, two layers each of drift, and strip detectors. The number of parameters to be determined in the spatial alignment of the 2198 sensor modules of the ITS is about 13,000. The target alignment precision is well below 10 micron in some cases (pixels). The sources of alignment information include survey measurements, and the reconstructed tracks from cosmic rays and from proton-proton collisions. The main track-based alignment method uses the Millepede global approach. An iterative local method was developed and used as well. We present the results obtained for the ITS alignment using about 10^5 charged tracks from cosmic rays that have been collected during summer 2008, with the ALICE solenoidal magnet switched off.Peer reviewe

Constraints on parton distribution functions and extraction of the strong coupling constant from the inclusive jet cross section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe

Controversing Datafication through Media Architectures

In this chapter, we discuss a speculative and participatory “media architecture” installation that engages people with the potential impacts of data through speculative future images of the datafied city. The installation was originally conceived as a physical combination of digital media technologies and architectural form—a “media architecture”—that was to be situated in a particular urban setting. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, however, it was produced and tested for an online workshop. It is centered on “design frictions” (Forlano and Mathew, 2014) and processes of controversing (Baibarac-Duignan and de Lange, 2021). Instead of smoothing out tensions through “neutral” data visualizations, controversing centers on opening avenues for meaningful participation around frictions and controversies that arise from the datafication of urban life. The installation represents an instance of how processes of controversing may unfold through digital interfaces. Here, we explore its performative potential to “interface” abstract dimensions of datafication, “translate” them into collective issues of concern, and spark imagination around (un)desirable datafied urban futures

Treinamento de força e seus efeitos sobre a área de secção transversa e perímetro celular de miócitos do gastrocnêmio de Rattus novergicus

O treinamento de força é uma das modalidades de exercício físico mais praticadas na atualidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a área e o perímetro de miócitos do gastrocnêmio de ratos (Rattus novergicus) submetidos a um protocolo crônico de 25 sessões de treinamento de força. Os resultados indicaram aumento da área e do perímetro celular do grupo treinado, em relação ao grupo controle (não treinado). A hipertrofia celular promove aumento da força e manutenção neuromuscular de maneira positiva. Conclui-se que o treinamento de força é uma alternativa não medicamentosa que promove o aumento de força, verificado pela hipertrofia muscular, e pode auxiliar no tratamento de diversas doenças que carecem desta valência física. ABSTRACT Strength training and its effects on the cross-section área and mobile perimeter of rattus novergicus gastrocnemioStrenght training is one of the most popular choices of physical conditioning training nowadays. The objective of the current study was to compare the area and the perimiter of rats’ (Rattus novergicus) gastrocnemius miocytes, submitted to a chronical 25 strenght training sessions. The results indicate increasing of the cell area and perimeter on the experimental group when compared to the control gruoup (not trained at all during the study). The cell hypertrophy promotes raising of the muscle strenght and nerumuscular maintaince in a positive way. It is conclued that the stenght training is a non-phamacological alternative that promotes muscular strenght raising, verified by the muscular hypertrophy, and can help on the treatment of several diseases that need this physical variable

Perfil Sistêmico e Manifestações Bucais em Pacientes com Hipotireoidismo

The hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by the systemiccharacter of the thyroid gland dysfunction. The T3 and T4 thyroid hormones are necessary to fulfill with the normal functions of the physical body. Thus, thealterations in the T3 and T4 secretion may be associated with changes in thestomatognathic system. Among the changes are included the condylar hypoplasia,the mandibular or maxillary atresia, the underdeveloped mandible, the hypoplasiaof the enamel and the dentine, the taurodontism and the delay of dentition as wellas the radicular development. Thus, it is essential that stomatologist know on thelocal or systemic manifestations associated with this endocrine disorder. The aim ofpresent paper is to approach the systemic and oral changes in patients presentingwith hypothyroidism, as well as the better management and care applied during thedental treatment. The data collection was thorough the selection of articles published on the oral manifestations in patients presenting with hypothyroidism inlarge databases like Bireme, Scielo and Medline. The hypothyroidism is a commonsystem disease that occasionally have oral manifestations known by thestomatologists since they are patients needing special care during the stomatologictreatments. Also, must to be considered the drug interaction in these patients, since the drugs regularly prescribed in stomatology may to provoke adversereactions. It is necessary that surgeon knows on the appropriate procedures in thetreatment of hypothyroidism patients.El hipotiroidismo es un trastorno endocrino que se caracteriza por el caráctersistémico de la disfunción de la glándula tiroides. Las hormonas tiroideas T3 y T4son necesarias para cumplir con las funciones normales del cuerpo físico. Por lotanto, alteraciones en la secreción de T3 y T4 pueden estar asociadas con cambiosen el sistema estomatognático. Entre estos cambios se presentan la hipoplasiacondilar, la atresia mandibular o maxilar, la mandíbula subdesarrollada, lahipoplasia del esmalte y la dentina, el taurodontismo y el retraso de la dentición ydel desarrollo radicular. Por lo tanto, es esencial que el dentista tenga elconocimiento de las manifestaciones locales o sistémicas asociadas con este trastorno endocrino. El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar los cambios sistémicos y bucales en los pacientes afectados por el hipotiroidismo, así como el mejor trato ycuidado que deben adoptarse durante el tratamiento dental. La recolección dedatos se llevó a cabo a través de la selección de artículos publicados sobre lasmanifestaciones bucales en los pacientes afectados por hipotiroidismo en grandesbases de datos como Bireme, Scielo y Medline. El hipotiroidismo es una enfermedadsistémica común que ocasionalmente presenta manifestaciones bucales que debenser de domino del odontólogo, ya que son pacientes que necesitan de cuidadosespeciales durante los tratamientos odontológicos. También debe ser considerada lainteracción medicamentosa en estos pacientes, ya que medicamentos comúnmenteprescritos en odontología pueden provocar reacciones adversas. Es imprescindibleque el cirujano dentista tenga conocimientos sobre los procedimientos adecuadosen el tratamiento de pacientes con hipotiroidismo.O hipotireoidismo é uma desordem endócrina, de natureza sistêmica caracterizadapela disfunção na glândula tireóide. Os hormônios tireoidianos T3 e T4 são necessários para suprir funções orgânicas normais do organismo. Desta forma,distúrbios na secreção de T3 e T4 podem estar associados a alterações no sistemaestomatognático. Dentre essas alterações encontram-se hipoplasia condilar, atresiamaxilar ou mandibular, hipodesenvolvimento da mandíbula, prognatismo maxilar,hipoplasia de esmalte e dentina, taurodontia e retardo na erupção dentária e nodesenvolvimento radicular. Desta forma é imprescindível que o cirurgião dentistatenha conhecimento sobre as manifestações locais ou sistêmicas associadas a estadesordem endócrina. O objetivo deste artigo é abordar as alterações sistêmicas ebucais em pacientes acometidos pelo hipotireoidismo, bem como os cuidados econdutas terapêutica que podem ser adotados durante o tratamento odontológico.A coleta de dados foi realizada através da seleção de artigos publicados a cerca dasmanifestações bucais em pacientes acometidos por hipotireoidismo nos principais bancos de dados, Bireme, Medline e Scielo. O hipotireoidismo é uma patologiasistêmica comum, que ocasionalmente apresenta manifestações bucais enecessitam de cuidados especiais durante tratamentos odontológicos. A interação medicamentosa frente à pacientes em tratamento do hipotireoidismo também deve ser considerada, uma vez que medicações comumente prescritas na odontologiapodem promover reações adversas. Desta forma, é imprescindível que o cirurgiãodentistatenha conhecimento sobre os procedimentos adequados na terapêutica de pacientes com essa síndrome

Percepções da família da criança com doença crônica frente às relações com profissionais da saúde

A prevalência de doença crônica na infância tem aumentado, impondo à família contato contínuo com profissionais de saúde, ocasião em que a relação desempenha papel relevante. Raras explorações científicas abordam tal temática, apesar de ser apontada como núcleo fundamental para a interação efetiva. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar como a família de criança doente crônica percebe sua relação com os profissionais de saúde. Foram entrevistados 20 cuidadores de criança com doença crônica. O referencial teórico e metodológico adotados foram, respectivamente, o Interacionismo Simbólico e a análise de conteúdo temática. O processo analítico revelou quatro categorias temáticas: papel do cuidador, relações angustiantes, serviços e profissionais e buscando relações acolhedoras. O resultado deste processo interacional que apresenta incongruência de expectativas e comportamentos entre profissional e família é falho e gera sentimento de desamparo, o qual é amenizado pela escuta e compreensão de outras famílias em situação similar