Overview of AC microgrid controls with inverter-interfaced generations

Distributed generation (DG) is one of the key components of the emerging microgrid concept that enables renewable energy integration in a distribution network. In DG unit operation, inverters play a vital role in interfacing energy sources with the grid utility. An effective interfacing can successfully be accomplished by operating inverters with effective control techniques. This paper reviews and categorises different control methods (voltage and primary) for improving microgrid power quality, stability and power sharing approaches. In addition, the specific characteristics of microgrids are summarised to distinguish from distribution network control. Moreover, various control approaches including inner-loop controls and primary controls are compared according to their relative advantages and disadvantages. Finally, future research trends for microgrid control are discussed pointing out the research opportunities. This review paper will be a good basis for researchers working in microgrids and for industry to implement the ongoing research improvement in real systems

Evaluation of Rotator Cuff Repair with Concomitant Biceps Tenodesis

Introduction: Surgical rotator cuff repair (RCR) has proven to be an effective treatment for rotator cuff tears. Commonly, rotator cuff tears are associated with concomitant biceps pathology, which are often treated by biceps tenodesis (BT). We hypothesize that patient outcomes will be similar in those that have undergone RCR with concomitant BT and isolated RCR. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study comparing patients who underwent arthroscopic RCR with arthroscopic or open BT to patients who underwent isolated RCR at a multisurgeon orthopaedic practice during the time period of November 2016 to December 2016. The outcome for comparison is the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES). Patients with postoperative scores of at least 6 months after surgery were included. The data was collected from the Rothman Institute registry and OBERD. It was analyzed via independent t-test. Results: A total of 53 patients (37 = M; 16 = F) were in the isolated RCR group and 34 patients (27 = M; 7 = F) were in the RCR with BT group. The average age in the isolated RCR group was 58.6 years vs. 58.9 years in the RCR with BT group. There was no statistical difference between postoperative ASES scores (83.69 and 79.43, P = .40) and difference in preoperative and postoperative ASES scores (34.26 and 35.30, P = .85) in the isolated RCR and RCR with BT groups, respectively. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in postoperative ASES scores as well as difference in preoperative and postoperative ASES scores in patients undergoing isolated RCR and RCR with BT. This supports the hypothesis that patients undergoing RCR with BT will have similar outcomes to those undergoing isolated RCR

Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

In this chapter, we present a literature survey of an emerging, cutting-edge, and multi-disciplinary field of research at the intersection of Robotics and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) which we refer to as Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks (RWSN). We define a RWSN as an autonomous networked multi-robot system that aims to achieve certain sensing goals while meeting and maintaining certain communication performance requirements, through cooperative control, learning and adaptation. While both of the component areas, i.e., Robotics and WSN, are very well-known and well-explored, there exist a whole set of new opportunities and research directions at the intersection of these two fields which are relatively or even completely unexplored. One such example would be the use of a set of robotic routers to set up a temporary communication path between a sender and a receiver that uses the controlled mobility to the advantage of packet routing. We find that there exist only a limited number of articles to be directly categorized as RWSN related works whereas there exist a range of articles in the robotics and the WSN literature that are also relevant to this new field of research. To connect the dots, we first identify the core problems and research trends related to RWSN such as connectivity, localization, routing, and robust flow of information. Next, we classify the existing research on RWSN as well as the relevant state-of-the-arts from robotics and WSN community according to the problems and trends identified in the first step. Lastly, we analyze what is missing in the existing literature, and identify topics that require more research attention in the future

The involvement of tau in nucleolar transcription and the stress response

Tau is known for its pathological role in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Tau is found in many subcellular compartments such as the cytosol and the nucleus. Although its normal role in microtubule binding is well established, its nuclear role is still unclear. Here, we reveal that tau localises to the nucleolus in undifferentiated and differentiated neuroblastoma cells (SHSY5Y), where it associates with TIP5, a key player in heterochromatin stability and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcriptional repression. Immunogold labelling on human brain sample confirms the physiological relevance of this finding by showing tau within the nucleolus colocalises with TIP5. Depletion of tau results in an increase in rDNA transcription with an associated decrease in heterochromatin and DNA methylation, suggesting that under normal conditions tau is involved in silencing of the rDNA. Cellular stress induced by glutamate causes nucleolar stress associated with the redistribution of nucleolar non-phosphorylated tau, in a similar manner to fibrillarin, and nuclear upsurge of phosphorylated tau (Thr231) which doesn’t colocalise with fibrillarin or nucleolar tau. This suggests that stress may impact on different nuclear tau species. In addition to involvement in rDNA transcription, nucleolar non-phosphorylated tau also undergoes stress-induced redistribution similar to many nucleolar protein

Flexible prey handling, preference and a novel capture technique in invasive, sub-adult Chinese mitten crabs

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