Requirement for a standard language for test and ground operations

The basic requirements for a standard test and checkout language applicable to all phases of the space shuttle test and ground operations are determined. The general characteristics outlined here represent the integration of selected ideas and concepts from operational elements within Kennedy Space Center (KSC) that represent diverse disciplines associated with space vehicle testing and launching operations. Special reference is made to two studies conducted in this area for KSC as authorized by the Advanced Development Element of the Office of Manned Space Flight (MSF). Information contained in reports from these studies have contributed significantly to the final selection of language features depicted in this technical report

Beam Imaging and Luminosity Calibration

We discuss a method to reconstruct two-dimensional proton bunch densities using vertex distributions accumulated during LHC beam-beam scans. The $x$-$y$ correlations in the beam shapes are studied and an alternative luminosity calibration technique is introduced. We demonstrate the method on simulated beam-beam scans and estimate the uncertainty on the luminosity calibration associated to the beam-shape reconstruction to be below 1\%.Comment: Figures added, typos correcte

Ag-Biotech: It’s Not Just What’s for Dinner Anymore, but the Future Contents of our Medicine Cabinets

Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

外国人英語教師の授業内学習者母語（日本語）使用に対する学習者の意識

近年、外国語教育の分野では外国語（L2）のみの指導より学習者の母語（L1）を効果的に用いた指導の方が目標言語習得を促進するという見解を示す研究も増えてきている。そこで、本研究では、英語母語話者教師が授業中に学習者の母語である日本語を使用することに対する学習者の意識を調査した。調査参加者は一年次必修科目として外国人英語教師による授業を自ら選択した日本人大学生英語学習者357名である。データ収集には16項目から成る質問紙を用いた。質問紙調査の結果、学習者は英語使用機会を求めて外国人英語教師による英語科目を選択した一方で、大多数が外国人英語教師が授業中に日本語を使用することを、指導が明確に提示されるという理由や、教師と学習者間の信頼関係が高まるという理由で高く評価していることが明らかになった。本稿は、質問紙調査の結果をもとに、外国人英語教師の授業内日本語使用が受けられる理由を中学・高校での英語教育に関連して考察し、さらに日本人学生により有益な英語と日本語の使用について考察する。研究ノー

Flaw growth behavior in thick welded plates of 2219-T87 aluminum at room and cryogenic temperatures

Axial load fatigue and fracture tests were conducted on thick welded plates of 2219-T87 aluminum alloy to determine the tensile strength properties and the flaw growth behavior in electron beam, gas metal arc, and pulse current gas tungsten arc welds for plates 6.35 centimeters (2.5 in.) thick. The tests were conducted in room temperature air and in liquid nitrogen environments. Specimens were tested in both the as-welded and the aged after welding conditions. The experimental crack growth rate were correlated with theoretical crack growth rate predictions for semielliptical surface flaws