Joint External Evaluation of the Health Sector in Tanzania:1999-2006

This is a historic evaluation. It is (probably) the first ever sector evaluation which is fully in line with the 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness: The evaluation was led by Tanzania’s Ministry of Finance and looks into an entire sector and the role and contributions of all domestic and external stakeholders including government authorities at all levels, civil society organisations, and the private sector in Tanzania; and all development partners, bilateral and multilateral. The aim is not limited to improving the performance of individual donors, but to feed into Tanzania’s Third Health Sector Strategic Plan covering 2008-15 and to give recommendations on how all stakeholders can best contribute towards \ud the plan. The Evaluation was carried out from December 2006 to September 2007 by a consortium of COWI, Denmark; Goss Gilroy, Canada; and EPOS, Germany. Team Leader was Ted Freeman of GGI, Canada. Six development partners: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland were the major funders of the direct cost of the evaluation. The management of the evaluation was conducted by a management group comprising of Denmark, Germany and Tanzania.\u

Contemporary Therapeutic Aquatics: Interprofessional Course

Aquatic therapy can meet the needs of individuals from childhood to older adulthood with a variety of health conditions, and, in certain situations, is preferable to land-based therapy. Information on this specialized area of practice is minimally covered in entry-level occupational and physical therapy curricula, yet aquatic therapy is a rapidly expanding area of practice

How Mental Health Clinicians Can Address Issues of Diversity with Incarcerated Individuals

Mental Health Clinicians are accustomed to being confronted with not only difficult situations, but difficult conversations. Although discussing issues of diversity can be challenging, these dialogues are vital to the therapeutic process. In order to work under a multicultural framework, a clinician must minimally have basic knowledge on the culture of the client(s) being treated. Therapists are to use culturally appropriate intervention strategies and be mindful of the rules of the client’s culture. It is advised to work with the client(s) to define their culture, what it means to them, and what it means to society. It is the duty of a clinician to exemplify this for clients and give clients the power, permission, and invitation that they may believe they need, to do the same. This article discusses issues of diversity in the incarcerated system, clarifies the clinician’s role, and empowers clinicians to utilize multicultural techniques in treatment

Decreasing Recidivism by Creating New Choices: Monterey County\u27s Adult Criminal Mental Health Court

It is estimated that 16% of adults in state prisons, and 17% in jails have a serious mental illness (Council of State Governments, 2012, p. 6). Considering severely mentally ill inmates have an 80% chance of returning ( Incarcerated Mentally Ill , n.d.), some communities have chosen to find a way to reduce that rate of recidivism. In Monterey County, that way may be the adult criminal mental health court, Creating New Choices (CNC). A review of relevant literature has identified courts of its kind as effective in doing so, and in order to determine if CNC does reduce recidivism rates key informants were interviewed: Monterey County Superior Court Judges: the Honorable Russell Scott, the Honorable Sam Lavorato, Jr., the Honorable Albert Maldonado; Deputy Probation Officer Leonel Oliveira; Behavioral Health Program Manager Lynn Maddock and Behavioral Health Social Worker Manuela Reyes. Surveys were emailed to personnel from counties of similar size to Monterey County: Placer, Tulare, Santa Barbara, Solano, Sonoma, and Santa Barbara. Data from Monterey County Health Department and a public justice related website was collected on number of participants in CNC including program completion status and criminal charges received post-entry to the program. The results of this study have shown quantitatively as well as experientially that the purpose of the mental health court in Monterey County is being fulfilled. The rate of recidivism of the mentally ill offenders (MIO) is lower than the state average for both CNC participants and graduates, and this success is likely attributed to the combinations of services offered as well as the collaborations among Monterey County Probation, Superior Court and Behavioral Health. Recommendations include expanding the program to reach more mentally ill offenders and implementing a better tracking system, so data is readily available. Future research should include looking at best practices as well as interviewing clients and their caregivers for first-hand accounts of what works and what does not in the program. This information is also useful for the program collaborators; Probation, Court and Behavioral Health, to see the usefulness of the program as well as validation for the front-line staff that their hard work with the clients is paying off

Effects of Yoga and High - intensity Exercise on Heart Rate Variability and Stress - A Pilot Study

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A clincial outcomes commentary on A longitudinal study of outcome measures for children receiving early intervention services

Pediatric physical therapy, especially in early intervention (EI), focuses on children’s function in natural environments and within daily routines. Valid and reliable tests measuring the ICF participation component are important to consider if we are to align our treatment focus and goals to our measures of progress. This article demonstrates that the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) Functional Skill scaled scores are sensitive to change in children receiving EI with and without motor involvement

Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Food Service Staff in Bangladeshi Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among hospital food service staff are crucial in the prevention of foodborne disease outbreaks, as hospitalized patients are more vulnerable to potential hazards. This study, therefore, sought to assess the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food service staff in Bangladeshi hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 191 food service staff from seven different hospitals in Dhaka and Chattogram from October 2021 to March 2022 using pretested questionnaires. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the factors associated with the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices. The findings showed moderate knowledge but high levels of attitudes and practices of food safety among hospital food handlers. Food safety knowledge was significantly higher among males, participants from private hospitals and participants working in a hospital that had a food service supervisor and dietitian in charge of food service operations. Moreover, participants from private hospitals and participants working in a hospital that had a food service supervisor and dietitian in charge of food service operations had more positive attitudes and better practices regarding food safety. Hospital management should consider these factors for enhancing food handlers' knowledge and increase training and supervision on food safety practices to reduce foodborne diseases and outbreaks

The Emotional Landscape of Aviation Pilots: Analysis of Online Professional Forums Using Natural Language Processing

This study investigated burnout related to emotions in three categories of pilots: commercial passenger, commercial cargo, and military. While pilot burnout has been previously studied, challenges in self-reporting limit understanding. This study extends previous research by analyzing pilots\u27 anonymous online forum posts to gain insight into burnout-related emotions. Natural Language Processing was conducted with the RoBERTa-base-go_emotions model, which analyzed 1,130,530 online forum posts from commercial passengers, commercial cargo, and military pilots for 27 emotion categories and one absence of emotion category (i.e., neutral). An exploratory composite score reflecting burnout-related emotional expression omnibus burnout score was calculated using seven burnout-related emotions associated with burnout. ANOVAs compared emotion levels across pilot groups. “Neutral” was the predominant category across all pilot groups, followed by curiosity and approval. While statistically significant differences were found between pilot groups for all emotions and “neutral”, effect sizes were consistently trivial in magnitude (Cohen\u27s f \u3c 0.1). The same trivial magnitude level effect size was encountered with the burnout score. As such, despite the ubiquitous presence of statistical significance across variables, the obtained effect sizes suggested practical equivalence amongst the three pilot groups. The prevalence of neutral language and minimal differences between pilot groups may reflect a professional culture discouraging open expression of negative emotions. These findings suggest further investigation into how aviation culture influences emotional expression, burnout presentation, and the reporting of burnout among pilots