Comparison of Macrozoobenthic Abundance in Seagrass Ecosystem During Full and Neap Moon at Panggang Island Seribu Islands

Macrozoobenthic is one of the organisms whose existence is widely present in the seagrass ecosystem. This study aimed to analyze the differences in individual abundance and macrozoobenthic species in full-moons and neap, to see the correlation of macrozoobenthic abundance with seagrass closure, and to know the contribution of macrozoobenthic species to seagrass habitat. The study was conducted in Panggang Island with 3 makrozoobenthic observation stations in the seagrass ecosystem at March and April 2016. Makrozoobenthic data collection in seagrass systematically using 1x1 m quadrant transect method and 10 cm diameter corer for infauna. Analyzing the density, seagrass cover and macrozoobenthic abundance. Analysis statistics of macrozoobenthic abundance data using ANOVA test, macrozoobenthic density correlation with seagrass cover using simple linear regression and contribution of species on full moon and neap using SIMPER analysis. The result of this research shows that there is no real difference of macrozoobenthic individual abundance in full moon and neap. While the species obtained significant significant differences. The SIMPER analysis shows the highest contribution of macrozoobenthic species in each station on the full moon and the neap is the species of Cerithium salebrosum. Conclusions The density of macrozoobenthic species shows a marked difference in the full moon and the neap, but not the individual abundance

The Effect of Organic Sediment Content on Coral Diversity in Karimunjawa Island, Indonesia

Coral reef now are under threats due to sedimentation. Fatal effect of organic rich sediment, leading corals mortality. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate effect of organic sediment content to the coral diversity in Karimunjawa Island, Central Java, Indonesia. Field data was conducted at 6 locations. Three sediment traps were deployed at each sites to measure organic sediment content. Twenty replicated quadrant transects were used to estimate coral density and coral diversity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the differences of organic sediment content in each station. The linear regression was used to assess the relationship between organic sediment content and coral diversity. Our field result demonstrated that sediment content significantly different between sites with value range from 0.42 mg/800 ml - 1.32 mg/800 ml. Based on the Simson\u27s Diversity Index, the highest coral diversity found at Alang-alang as site with low sedimentation while the lowest coral diversity was found at Legon Lele as site with high sedimentation. The study shown significant negative correlation between organic sediment content and coral diversity with the coefficient of regression 0.68. This study convinces that disturbance on coral reefs might affect coral diversity in Karimunjawa Island, in addition to other factors such as the influence of human activities, natural disruption and climate change

Suitability of Coral Reef Ecosystem Condition Based on Local Ecology Knowledge with Survey Method in East Coast of Weh Island

Local ecological knowledge (LEK) refers to the knowledge of people in a local community that can be used in assessing environmental conditions as well as reflecting the interaction that occur in an ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to examine condition of coral reef ecosystem based on the LEK's community in a marine protected area east coast weh island (KKPD PTPW) Sabang. Assessment of the coral reef condition based on the local's ecological knowledge is justified from the suitability of the area by comparing map of the coral reefs condition based on LEK and observation map of the coral reefs condition during the study. Based on LEK, it is known that in the PTPW Sabang region coral reefs which falls under deteriorated class is found in the northern sea of Kelurahan Kota Atas, while those which falls under good condition class are found in Ie Meule and Ujung Kareng as well as in Anoi Itam except Benteng. Result from the observations done in 13 stations found that sea region near Sumur Tiga, Ujung Kareung and Benteng have a good coral reefs with a coverage range of 51-65 %. While the sea in Ujung Seuke, Anoi Itam and Reuteuk have a moderate coral reefs with a percentage of coverage ranging from 44- 49. Respondents' perceptions of the coral reef condition during the last 10 years which include 55% respondents in Ie Meule and 74.29% of respondend in Anoi Itam stated that there is an increment of coral reefs coverage

Genetic Diversity of Olive Ridley Lepidochelys Olivacea Associated with Current Pattern in Cendrawasih Bay, Papua

Cendrawasih Bay is habitat for olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) which is directly adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. The presence and the diversity of L. olivacea in Cendrawasih Bay has been threatened. Genetics can be the key to conservation because they play an important role in maintaining population and recovering from damage. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of L. olivacea and its association to the current pattern in the waters of Cendrawasih Bay. Samples of L. olivacea (n=20) were collected in Kwatisore (n=8) and Yapen Island (n=12) in Cendrawasih Bay waters from August 2015 to December 2016. The molecular analysis was based on 791-bp fragment of D-Loop on the non-coding region gen. The current pattern analysis was performed through INDESO data and visualized by using Ferret software. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 2 groups of L. olivacea from a total of 2 haplotypes, whose population from Kwatisore was dispersed in two haplotypes, while the population from Yapen Island was only dispersed in one haplotype. Populations from Kwatisore showed higher variations than populations from Yapen Island. The current pattern analysis suggests that the two study sites, Kwatisore and Yapen islands are different. Both populations are only connected by the Northwest monsoon currents period that indicates a little geneflow between this populations. Thus causing differences variation between Kwatisore and Yapen Island populations genetically

Management on Coral Reef Ecosystem in the Siantan Tengah District, Anambas Islands

Coral reef ecosystem management in Siantan Tengah District, Anambas Islands need to be improved to obtain the optimal results. Currently, the coral reef ecosystem management is conducted sectorally, therefore, it can cause a damage on coral reef ecosystem. The purposes of this study were to analyze sustainability status of coral reefs managements in the District Central Siantan and to formulate the sustainability of coral reef ecosystem management. Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) with Rap-Insus COREMAG approach was used to analyze the sustainability status of coral reef management. The results showed that the sustainability status of coral reef management in Siantan Tengah District was sustainable with multidimensional index of 51.457. Dimensions that need to be improved to achieve the optimal management of coral reef ecosystems in a sustainable manner is social dimension to the value of sustainability by 42.324 and institutional dimensions of 49.85 which is classed as less sustainable. This results of this research are expected to be able to facilitate the stakeholders to arrange the sustainability of coral reef ecosystem management in the Siantan Tengah District

Isolation and characterization of 16 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the Asian green mussel Perna viridis (Mollusca, Mytilidae)

The Asian green mussel Perna viridis is an abundant and important ecological and economical species across its native range. However, outside its native range, this species has been considered invasive and concerns have been raised worldwide regarding its potential impacts. Despite this, little work has been done to investigate the genetics of native and/or introduced populations of this species. In the present study, we developed 16 new polymorphic microsatellite markers using the Illumina MiSeq Platform. Four to 15 alleles per locus were detected. There was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci and all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Self-recruitment in anemonefish and the impact of marine ornamental fishery in Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia: implications for management and conservation

The yearly amount of traded by middlemen on Spermonde Archipelago (Indonesia) is estimated to about 140,000 specimens A. ocellaris and more than 31,000 anemones. Both A. ocellaris and sea anemone densities (p < 0.01) were significantly lower at reefs with a high exploitation than at reefs with a low exploitation. The size of A. ocellaris individuals was significantly smaller in Barrang Lompo than in Samalona (p < 0.01). The private alleles and allelic richness in Samalona were 4% significantly higher than in Barrang Lompo. The allelic richness was positively correlated with the fish density (p < 0.05). Fish stays largely in place despite its pelagic larvae stage (44 % - 60.7 % self-recruitment). The genetic relatedness revealed a close relation between individuals within a group of A. ocellaris in Barrang Lompo. Conversely, unrelated individuals of A. ocellaris in Samalona and of A. perideraion in Barrang Lompo were observed. Altogether, these results provide important insights how marine ornamental fishery has impacted the population of anemonefish and its host in Spermonde Archipelago

Identifikasi Scatophagus argus yang dipasarkan di Jakarta berdasarkan Analisis Morfologi dan DNA Barcoding

Species list of economical fish landed in Muara Baru Modern Fish Market, Jakarta needs to be examined. Fish species information needs to know the species of fish being traded. However, many species are difficult to identify morphologically. The aim of this research was to identify fish based on their morphological characters and DNA barcoding. The methods of this research were morphologic, morphometric, and molecular identification with DNA barcoding using PCR. Morphological analysis results showed that fish samples have unique characteristics in the presence of spots on their bodies and fading in the abdomen. Morphometric observations were made with 19 different characters and weight measurements. The 19 fish characters observed have a standard deviation of <1, mean that the fish samples taken have a size that was not much different. A comparison ratio of 18 morphometric characters to total length (PT) showed variable results. Genetic analysis of the fish studied had the Max Score and Total Score was same, 1201, Query Coverage was 95%, and Ident was 100%. Based on morphological analysis and DNA barcoding used by fish species identified as Scatophagus argus species. Both methods were successfully carried out and the two methods complement each other to identify fish species correctly and accurately. Jumlah ikan ekonomis yang banyak diperjualbelikan di Pasar Muara Baru, Jakarta perlu dilakukan penelitian. Informasi spesies ikan perlu diketahui untuk mengetahui jenis ikan yang diperjualbelikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi morfologi ikan dengan pendekatan studi morfometrik dan DNA barcoding. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengamatan morfologi dan pengukuran morfometri serta identifikasi molekuler dengan DNA barcoding menggunakan PCR. Hasil analisis morfologi menunjukkan bahwa sampel ikan memiliki karakteristik yang unik dengan adanya corak totol di seluruh tubuhnya dan memudar di bagian perut. Pengamatan morfometrik dilakukan dengan 19 karakter yang berbeda serta pengukuran berat. 19 karakter ikan yang diamati memiliki standar deviasi yang <1, artinya sampel ikan yang terambil memiliki ukuran yang tidak jauh berbeda. Rasio perbandingan 18 karakter morfometri terhadap panjang total (PT) menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi. Analisis genetik dari ikan  yang diteliti memiliki Max Score dan Total Score sama yaitu 1201 dengan Query Coverage 95%, dan Ident 100%. Berdasarkan analisis morfologi dan DNA barcoding yang digunakan spesies ikan teridenfikasi spesies Scatophagus argus.  Kedua metode tersebut berhasil dilakukan dan kedua metode tersebut saling melengkapi untuk melakukan identifikasi spesies ikan secara tepat dan akurat