Impact of clarifying uncertainty in graph-based entity disambiguation

Formålet med denne oppgaven er å undersøke virkningnen av klarifiseringsspørsmål har på graf basert entity disambiguaton. I tilfelle disse oppklaringene har en positivt virkning på ytelsen er det hensiktsmessig å ta de i for noen named entity linking systemer. Denne undersøkelsen blir gjort ved å lage kunnskapsgrafer vanligvis brukt i graf basert entity disambiguation, for så å simulere effekten klarifiseringsspørsmålene har på ytelsen. Ytelsen blir evaluert basert på mål skrevet i kapitell 4 Resultatene ser oppmuntrende. I de fleste simuleringene virker det som om oppklaringen har hjulpet systemet til å plukke ut riktig named entity. Det er dog noen bekymringer. Datasettet som ble brukt er i etterkant kanskje ikke det beste til å måle hvordan dette hadde generalisert. Framtidig arbeid må bli gjort mot et mer variert dataset for å trekke mer pålitelige konklusjoner.The goal of this thesis is to survey the impact clarification questions have on graph-based based entity disambiguation. If these clarification questions have an improvement on the performance measures an implementation of these questions might be purposeful for some types of named entity linking systems. This done through the creation of knowledge graphs commonly used in graph-based entity disambiguation and simulating the effect clarification questions would have on the performance. This was assessed using measures outlined in chapter 4. The results seem encouraging, in most simulations the clarification question seemed to help the system evaluate to the correct named entity. There are however some concerns. The dataset used might not have been the best to gauge how this would generalize. Further work needs to be done on a more varied dataset to draw absolute conclusions

Maternal Immunoreactivity to Herpes Simplex Virus 2 and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Male Offspring

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Faktorer assosiert med helserelatert livskvalitet hos pasienter med kolorektal kreft i palliativ fase: En systematisk litteraturoppsummering og metaanalyse, samt en kvalitativ intervjustudie

Bakgrunn: Kolorektal kreft er blant de tre hyppigst forekommende kreftformene både internasjonalt og nasjonalt. En betydelig andel pasienter lever med inkurabel sykdom allerede fra diagnosetidspunktet. Symptombildet er oftest komplisert og inkluderer symptomer fra organer med metastaser. Et betydelig antall pasienter har altså behov for evidensbasert, avansert palliativ pleie. Hensikt: Masteroppgaven består av to delstudier. Hensikten med den systematiske litteraturoppsummeringen var å undersøke hvordan helserelatert livskvalitet rapporteres ved hjelp av forskjellige måleinstrumenter, samt å undersøke hvilke sosiodemografiske og kliniske faktorer som er assosiert med den gjennomsnittlige skåren for helserelatert livskvalitet. Hensikten med den kvalitative delstudien var å undersøke hva sykepleiere mener har innvirkning på helserelatert livskvalitet hos pasienter med kolorektal kreft i palliativ fase. Metode: Systematiske litteratursøk ble gjennomført i MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Amed, og SveMed+ mellom januar 2009 og juli 2019. Oppsummeringen og metaanalysen er inspirert av Cochrane håndboken og fulgte PRISMA-sjekklisten. Den kvalitative delstudien har et multimetodisk, deskriptivt og eksplorerende design. Ni sykepleiere ble intervjuet, fire med fokusgruppeintervju og fem med individuelle, dybdeintervjuer. Intervjuene ble analysert etter Graneheim og Lundmans (2004) analysemetode. Resultater: 710 artikler ble identifisert. Elleve artikler møtte inklusjonskriteriene, og seks er inkludert i metaanalysen. Skåren for gjennomsnittlig helserelatert livskvalitet var sammenlignbar med den for overlevende av kolorektal kreft, men lavere enn for den generelle befolkningen. Den kvalitative delstudien identifiserte tre temaer: Livskvalitet er individuelt; Fokus på både kropp og sinn for å optimalisere livskvalitet; Nye utfordringer påvirker livskvalitet. Konklusjon: Den systematiske litteraturoppsummeringen viser blant annet at generelle kreftsymptomer ble rapportert hyppigere enn gastrointestinale symptomer. Den kvalitative delstudien understreker hvor individuell livskvalitet er, og at sammenhengen mellom symptomer er kompleks. Det er særlig viktig at sykepleiere tilrettelegger pleie etter hva pasientene til enhver tid uttrykker at er viktig for dem. Studien antyder også at kvalitativ forskning kan bidra til videreutvikling av spørreskjemaer knyttet til livskvalitet.submittedVersio

Health-related quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer in the palliative phase: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The occurrence of colorectal cancer has doubled over the last 50 years and many people are living with the disease in the palliative phase. Therefore, it is important that healthcare personnel have knowledge about the patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this review is to investigate how HRQoL is reported by means of different measures for patients in the palliative phase of colorectal cancer and examine which sociodemographic and clinical factors are associated with the mean scores reported for HRQoL. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis using forest plots in STATA were conducted. The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Amed, and SveMed+ were used for the systematic searches with combinations of terms for colorectal cancer, the palliative phase and HRQoL. The Cochrane handbook and the PRISMA checklist from 2009 were utilised. Results: In total, 710 articles were identified. Eleven quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria and six were included in the meta-analysis. Five of the 11 studies had a longitudinal design, while the other six had a cross-sectional design. The meta-analyzes shows that the average HRQoL in palliative phase was 62.9 (56.8–69.0) 15D was 0.76 (0.73–0.79), EQ-5D was 0.67 (0.62–0.73), and VAS was 64.1 (53.7–74.4). Multiple sociodemographic and clinical variables were associated with HRQoL and a higher prevalence of common cancer symptoms were reported than gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusion: This systematic review revealed that patients with colorectal cancer report low HRQoL. Furthermore, it shows that what affects HRQoL is complicated, including multiple clinical and sociodemographic variables. This underlines the need for further research. To ensure the best possible care, it is important that all healthcare professionals have easy access to knowledge about HRQoL in patients with colorectal cancer, and what impacts it in the last phase of life.publishedVersio

Socioeconomic characteristics of women with substance use disorder during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in their newborns: A national registry study from the Czech Republic

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Reseptregisteret 2009-2013 / The Norwegian prescription database 2009-2013

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Reseptregisteret 2008-2012. The Norwegian prescription database 2008-2012

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The Impact of Operated Window Shading on Visual Comfort, Non-Visual Health, and Energy Demand from Electric Lighting

8 pagesThis paper introduces a simulation-based workflow to assess annual circadian lighting performance, glare risk and energy demand for an array of seated view positions under operated shading and electric lighting conditions. This workflow uses a combination of 9-band and 81-band simulations to represent daylight and electric lighting respectively. Annual climate-driven calculations rely on python-based code provided by the Lark spectral lighting software, which was used to run 180-degree high dynamic range (HDR) renderings with 9-bands of spectral resolution. The results reveal the impact of shading systems on equivalent melanopic lux (EML) and daylight glare probability (DGP) over time and the energy demand (kWh) from electric lighting systems to supplement eyelevel recommendations from the WELL v2 Building Standard (Feature L03)

Accurate Measurement of Daylit Interior Scenes Using High Dynamic Range Photography

10 pagesThis paper investigates accuracy in typical High Dynamic Range (HDR) photography techniques used by researchers measuring high resolution luminance information for visual comfort studies in daylit spaces. Vignetting effects of circular fisheye lenses are investigated for reproducibility between different lenses of the same model and sharing between researchers. The selection of aperture size is related to vignetting intensity, dynamic range and potential for lens flare. Lighting variability during capture processes is also tracked, and it is recommended to measure vertical illuminance in order to validate the stability of a scene. Finally, luminous overflow—a concept where a HDR photograph cannot measure the true luminous environment—is introduced. Its effect on the glare metrics UGR and DGP is investigated by using neutral density (ND) filters to increase the dynamic range of photographs under direct sunlight. It is recommended to use ND filters in scenes with vertical illuminances greater than 5 000 lx or with direct vision of the sun