Tungsten transport studies via multi-diagnostic approach

Tato práce se věnuje měření a teoretickému popisu transportu wolframu. Je vytvořen nástroj, schopný vypočítat profil hustoty wolframu pro tokamak ASDEX Upgrade. Pro vytvoření tomografických rekonstrukcí je zahrnuta bolometrie, rychlé AXUV diody a kamery měkkého rentgenového záření. Na základě dat z Open ADAS je vytvořen model vyzařování plazmatu, pomocí něhož je vypočítán takzvaný cooling factor. Je analyzována asymetrie profilu vyzařování a jsou diskutovány hypotézy o profilu hustoty. Zpracována jsou data z experimentů s laser blow-off. Z experimentálních dat jsou vypočítány transportní koeficienty dvěma různými metodami. Pomocí modulu FACIT balíčku Aurora jsou vypočítány koeficienty neoklasického transportu. Za určitých předpokladů je provedena simulace transportu a její výstupy jsou srovnány s měřením. Shoda mezi naměřenými koeficienty s teorií je nízká.This thesis is focused on the measurement and theoretical description of tungsten transport. A tool capable of calculating the tungsten density profile for the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak is developed. Bolometry, fast AXUV diodes, and soft X-ray cameras are integrated to generate tomographic reconstructions. Based on Open ADAS data, a plasma radiation model is created using which the so-called cooling factor is calculated. The asymmetry of the emissivity profile is analysed, and hypotheses about the density profile are discussed. Data from laser blow-off experiments are processed. The transport coefficients are calculated from the experimental data by two different methods. The neoclassical transport coefficients are obtained using the FACIT submodule of the Aurora package. Under certain assumptions, a transport simulation is performed and its output is compared with the measurements. There is low agreement between the measured coefficients and the theory

Radiologic anatomy

My ISP project is a new educational tool in the form of a MedPics expansion dedicated to imaging of normal human anatomy. It serves to address: 1) the dearth of radiology exposure and education in the new Integrated Studies Curriculum; 2) the increasing need for imaging knowledge and skills; 3) some of the limitations of the current cadaveric anatomy education at UCSD School of Medicine. The project has two goals: 1) to re-integrate radiology into the pre-clinical curriculum of UCSD School of Medicine; 2) to strengthen and complement the existing anatomy curriculum of UCSD School of Medicine

Electron temperature measurements using rail probe on the tokamak GOLEM

Bakalářská práce se věnuje problematice měření parametrů okrajového plazmatu novým typem sondy, takzvanou kolejnicovou (rail) sondou. Výhodou této sondy je, že díky své konstrukci dokáže odolat i extrémně vysokým tepelným tokům a současně se chová jako Langmuirova sonda pro určitý nenulový úhel dopadajících magnetických siločar. Práce shrnuje základy fyziky Langmuirovy sondy a stěnové vrstvy. Vyvinutý a zkonstruovaný manipulátor umožňuje naklánění hlavice, která obsahuje rail sondu, klasickou Langmuirovu a také ball-pen sondu. Komparativní měření elektronové teploty pomocí všech uvedených sond prokazuje dobrou vzájemnou shodu. Dále je zkoumána závislost získaných parametrů plazmatu na úhlu náklonu hlavice. Naměřená data jsou srovnána s 2D PIC simulací provedené pro tokamak GOLEM. Tyto 2D PIC simulace budou nezbytnou součástí vývoje rail sondy pro tokamak COMPASS Upgrade.This bachelor thesis is devoted to the problem of measurement of edge plasma parameters with a new type of probe, the so-called rail probe. The advantage of this probe is that thanks to its design it can withstand extremely high heat fluxes and at the same time behaves as a proud Langmuir probe for a certain non-zero angle of incident field lines. The thesis summarises the fundamental physics of the Langmuir probe and sheath expansion. A manipulator was developed and constructed to allow tilting of the probe head, which includes a proud Langmuir probe and a ball-pen probe in addition to the rail probe. Comparative measurements of the electron temperature using all of these probes are presented and show conformity. The dependence of the obtained plasma parameters on the head tilt angle is also investigated. The measured data are compared with a 2D PIC simulation performed for a GOLEM tokamak. These 2D PIC simulations will be an essential part of the rail probe's development for the COMPASS Upgrade tokamak

The 5-HT1B Autoreceptor’s Role in Emotional Processing in Relation to Acute Psilocybin Experiences

A brief overview of a proposed function for hte 5-HT1B autoreceptorIn recent years, a surge of research regarding the benefits of psychedelic therapy has given the scientific community a monumental new way of looking at mental illness treatment. However, questions remain as to why these new practices are so effective and what mechanisms are at play. Most research has been done on the 5-HT2A receptor, the primary receptor responsible for the hallucinatory effects of a psychedelic experience. However, the also active 5-HT1B autoreceptor lacks such attention. In this paper, a possible explanation is discussed for the function of the 5-HT1B autoreceptor in relation to acute psilocybin experiences. By examining the acute effects of psilocybin in the brain, specifically the interactions between the 5-HT2A and 5-HT1B receptors, an explanation becomes plausible. The 5-HT1B receptor has been shown to populate areas involved in emotional and cognitive appraisal (Varnäs et al., 2001), rodent knockout of 5-HT1B shifts affective behavior towards conditional anxiety and aggression (Saudou et al., 1994), and pharmacological antagonism of 5-HT1B in non-human primates selectively blunts reward incentive value without altering cost sensitivity (Hori et al., 2024). We propose that select serotonergic systems, affected by this autoreceptor, in part serve as regulators of emotional processing and calibration. 5-HT1B has been shown to be responsible for shaping the magnitude of the positive and negative effects of serotonergic modulation in key limbic and cortical circuits (Nautiyal et al., 2015). We argue that the 5-HT1B autoreceptor may be one of the primary mechanisms that regulates how our brains logically respond to emotions and emotionally triggering stimuli.Psycholog

Occupational therapy in Oman: the impact of cultural dissonance

Occupational therapy theory and philosophy are broadly considered to be based on Western cultural values. In contrast, the application of theory and practice in the Sultanate of Oman, historically based on traditional Middle Eastern and Islamic cultural values, provides a case exemplar, which highlights both paradigmatic differences andcultural dissonance. Drawing on the experiences of occupational therapists working in Oman, this study found that the application of therapeutic goals aimed at patient independence and autonomy were difficult to achieve in an environment where family duty and responsibility for care were highly prized. Dressing and cooking assessments werechallenging, and issues related to gender proved problematic. Therapists found the need to adapt practice to acknowledge these differences, and to adopt pragmatic problem-solving strategies, without resolving the underpinning philosophical contradictions. Occupational therapy in Oman is under-researched; further work is needed to confirm the cross-cultural validity of specific assessments and practice models

Aid Effectiveness in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Case Study Investigating the Factors Influencing Ineffective Aid

This article examines aid effectiveness in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It first discusses how to best measure aid effectiveness. Then, it investigates several contributing factors to the DRC’s current developmental predicaments. To accomplish these, the concepts of Paul Collier’s traps, Erik Reinert’s development theory, and the indicators of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness are utilised as explanatory tools. These variables are combined to seek a holistic approach in investigating the reasons behind the lack of aid effectiveness. A history of conflict is explored and constructs a setting for the DRC’s precarious reality and it is argued that the DRC’s sustained, long-term conflict is one of the main reasons for aid ineffectiveness. Furthermore, the state of industry and the idea of welfare colonialism as detrimental to aid effectiveness in the context of the DRC are explored. Additionally, an investigation of the implementation of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and the actions of donor countries is provided. This leads to a critique of the practical implementation of aid in the DRC. The conclusion argues for an overall lack of aid effectiveness which has been aggravated by long-term conflict, poor governance, lack of industry, and a dysfunctional Paris Declaration

Contemporary genetic technologies and female reproduction

BACKGROUNDThe Fifth Evian Annual Reproduction (EVAR) Workshop Meeting discussed knowledge regarding contemporary genetics in female reproduction.METHODSSpecialist reproductive medicine clinicians and geneticists delivered presentations based on published literature and current research. The content of this report is based on the expert presentations and subsequent group discussions that took place during this Workshop.RESULTSNumerous ovarian genes with a role in infertility have been identified. Future challenges for genetic screening of patients, such as those with polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency or endometriosis, include the identification of high-throughput strategies and how to apply these findings to infertile patients. The identification of high-quality embryos in IVF using objective technologies remains a high priority in order to facilitate single-embryo transfer. Gene expression profiling of cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte, and proteomic and metabolomic approaches in embryo culture media may significantly improve non-invasive embryo quality assessment.CONCLUSIONSThe way forward in advancing the knowledge of genes involved in reproduction was considered to be through genome-wide association studies involving large numbers of patients. Establishing international collaboration is required to enable the application of such technologies in sufficient numbers of patients

A Collection of Games to Be Used in the Teaching of Spanish

No abstract prepared.World Languages and Literature