Stewardship of the evolving scholarly record: from the invisible hand to conscious coordination

The scholarly record is increasingly digital and networked, while at the same time expanding in both the volume and diversity of the material it contains. The long-term future of the scholarly record cannot be effectively secured with traditional stewardship models developed for print materials. This report describes the key features of future stewardship models adapted to the characteristics of a digital, networked scholarly record, and discusses some practical implications of implementing these models. Key highlights include: As the scholarly record continues to evolve, conscious coordination will become an important organizing principle for stewardship models. Past stewardship models were built on an "invisible hand" approach that relied on the uncoordinated, institution-scale efforts of individual academic libraries acting autonomously to maintain local collections. Future stewardship of the evolving scholarly record requires conscious coordination of context, commitments, specialization, and reciprocity. With conscious coordination, local stewardship efforts leverage scale by collecting more of less. Keys to conscious coordination include right-scaling consolidation, cooperation, and community mix. Reducing transaction costs and building trust facilitate conscious coordination. Incentives to participate in cooperative stewardship activities should be linked to broader institutional priorities. The long-term future of the scholarly record in its fullest expression cannot be effectively secured with stewardship strategies designed for print materials. The features of the evolving scholarly record suggest that traditional stewardship strategies, built on an “invisible hand” approach that relies on the uncoordinated, institution-scale efforts of individual academic libraries acting autonomously to maintain local collections, is no longer suitable for collecting, organizing, making available, and preserving the outputs of scholarly inquiry. As the scholarly record continues to evolve, conscious coordination will become an important organizing principle for stewardship models. Conscious coordination calls for stewardship strategies that incorporate a broader awareness of the system-wide stewardship context; declarations of explicit commitments around portions of the local collection; formal divisions of labor within cooperative arrangements; and robust networks for reciprocal access. Stewardship strategies based on conscious coordination involve an acceleration of an already perceptible transition away from relatively autonomous local collections to ones built on networks of cooperation across many organizations, within and outside the traditional cultural heritage community

Pensar topográficamente : Lugar, espacio y geografía

El text parteix de la consideració d’una sèrie de problemes relacionats amb la manera com s’ha produït l’anomenat «gir espacial» en diferents disciplines socials, per tal de reivindicar una forma de pensament topogràfic que assumeixi el lloc com a centre de compressió del que és humà. Amb aquesta finalitat, s’hi presenten una sèrie de nocions bàsiques (com ara les de límit, determinació o crítica) que articulen el marc dins del qual els conceptes d’espai, lloc i temps es poden definir ontològicament i que ofereixen una manera de reflexionar sobre el lloc d’allò que és humà, que constitueix, alhora, una reflexió sobre el propi lloc del pensament.This paper examines how a spatial turn in the social sciences has brought about a particular constructivist way of thinking about place, space, and other related geographical concepts. Against the flow, the paper aims at putting forward topographic thinking where place is put at the centre of the understanding of the human. It presents a number of ideas (such as boundedness, determination, and critique) that shape the framework in which the concepts of place, space, and time are defined ontologically, and which provide a manner to reflect on the place of the human and thought itself.El texto parte de la consideración de una serie de problemas relacionados con la manera en que se ha producido el denominado «giro espacial» en distintas disciplinas sociales, con el fin de reivindicar una forma de pensamiento topográfico que asuma el lugar como centro de compresión de lo humano. Para ello, se presentan una serie de nociones básicas (como las de límite, determinación o crítica) que articulan el marco dentro del cual los conceptos de espacio, lugar y tiempo pueden definirse ontológicamente y que ofrecen una manera de reflexionar sobre el lugar de lo humano, que es, a la vez, una reflexión sobre el propio lugar del pensamiento

Multiple origins for mantle harzburgites: examples from the Lewis Hills, Bay of Islands ophiolite, Newfoundland

Study in the Bay of Islands ophiolite exposed in the Lewis Hills of Newfoundland has enabled the identification of four major types of harzburgite, which represent examples of a complete spectrum of this rock type. Enrichments and depletions of orthopyroxene by solution-precipitation reactions may result not only in the variety of harzburgite types, which on partial melting might produce a range of melt products, but also in fronts of harzburgite migrating through the mantle. -from Authorspublished_or_final_versio

The Forms of Water: in the land and in the soul

Water, its presence or absence, and the forms in which it appears, is fundamental to any and every place on earth. Indeed, along with soil, air and light, water is elemental to place, and so also to all life and dwelling in place. Moreover, human life is itself essentially determined through its entanglement in place and places, and so is constituted, if indirectly, perhaps, through water and its forms. The centrality of place that I am alluding to here arises out of a conception of the relation between human being and place, according to which who and what we are is fundamentally determined by the places in which we live – and this is so even while places are also shaped by the lives that are formed within them

Lowermost Ordovician (basal Tremadoc) radiolarians from the Little Port Complex, western Newfoundland

Lowermost Ordovician (basal Tremadoc) cherts from the Little Port Complex, western Newfoundland, contain a distinctive, moderately well-preserved, radiolarian assemblage. The fauna differs from those reported from the Arenig, suggesting that somes of the earliest radiolarian forms may have biostratigraphic potential. The abundance of radiolarians in chert and the ease with which they can be extracted suggest that they are a potentially valuable tool for use in investigation of the timing and development of early Palaeozoic orogenic systems. A previously undescribed radiolarian Beothuka terranova sp. nov., belonging to a new genus Beothuka gen. nov. and of uncertain higher-level affinity is formalized herein.published_or_final_versio

Epizonal I- and A-type granites and associated ash-flow tuffs, Fogo Island, northeast Newfoundland

Magmatic activity of Silurian-Devonian age is widespread in the Appalachian-Caledonian Orogen. A marked characteristic of this magmatism is the composite nature of the igneous suites, which range from peridotite to granodiorite in single plutonic bodies. Such a suite of intrusive rocks, ranging in composition from minor peridotite to granodiorite, intrudes an openly folded sequence of Silurian volcanogenic sandstones and ash-flow tuffs on Fogo Island, northeast Newfoundland. Two units, the Rogers Cove and Hare Bay microgranites, consist of fine-grained hastingsite granites with spherulitic and flow-banded textures. These rocks have an A-type granitoid affinity. A third and the most voluminous granitic unit, the Shoal Bay granite exhibits mineral parageneses similar to the microgranites, but chemical characteristics more typical of calc-alkaline, I-type granitoids. Volcanic-sedimentary sequences spatially associated with the granitic rocks include dense, welded, high-silica, hastingsite-bearing ash-flow tuffs with compositions that suggest they represent erupted equivalents of fractionated end members of the Shoal Bay granite. -from Authorspublished_or_final_versio

New Measurements of Venus Winds with Ground-Based Doppler Velocimetry at CFHT

operations with observations from the ground using various techniques and spectral domains (Lellouch and Witasse, 2008). We present an analysis of Venus Doppler winds at cloud tops based on observations made at the Canada France Hawaii 3.6-m telescope (CFHT) with the ESPaDOnS visible spectrograph. These observations consisted of high-resolution spectra of Fraunhofer lines in the visible range (0.37-1.05 μm) to measure the winds at cloud tops using the Doppler shift of solar radiation scattered by cloud top particles in the observer's direction (Widemann et al., 2007, 2008). The observations were made during 19-20 February 2011 and were coordinated with Visual Monitoring Camera (VMC) observations by Venus Express. The complete optical spectrum was collected over 40 spectral orders at each point with 2-5 seconds exposures, at a resolution of about 80000. The observations included various points of the dayside hemisphere at a phase angle of 67°, between +10° and -60° latitude, in steps of 10° , and from +70° to -12° longitude relative to sub-Earth meridian in steps of 12°. The Doppler shift measured in scattered solar light on Venus dayside results from two instantaneous motions: (1) a motion between the Sun and Venus upper cloud particles; (2) a motion between the observer and Venus clouds. The measured Doppler shift, which results from these two terms combined, varies with the planetocentric longitude and latitude and is minimum at meridian ΦN = ΦSun - ΦEarth where the two components subtract to each other for a pure zonal regime. Due to the need for maintaining a stable velocity reference during the course of acquisition using high resolution spectroscopy, we measure relative Doppler shifts to ΦN. The main purpose of our work is to provide variable wind measurements with respect to the background atmosphere, complementary to simultaneous measurements made with the VMC camera onboard the Venus Express. We will present first results from this work, comparing with previous results by the CFHT/ESPaDOnS and VLT-UVES spectrographs (Machado et al., 2012), with Galileo fly-by measurements and with VEx nominal mission observations (Peralta et al., 2007, Luz et al., 2011). Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge support from FCT through projects PTDC/CTE-AST/110702/2009 and PEst-OE/FIS/UI2751/2011. PM and TW also acknowledge support from the Observatoire de Paris. Lellouch, E., and Witasse, O., A coordinated campaign of Venus ground-based observations and Venus Express measurements, Planetary and Space Science 56 (2008) 1317-1319. Luz, D., et al., Venus's polar vortex reveals precessing circulation, Science 332 (2011) 577-580. Machado, P., Luz, D. Widemann, T., Lellouch, E., Witasse, O, Characterizing the atmospheric dynamics of Venus from ground-based Doppler velocimetry, Icarus, submitted. Peralta J., R. Hueso, A. Sánchez-Lavega, A reanalysis of Venus winds at two cloud levels from Galileo SSI images, Icarus 190 (2007) 469-477. Widemann, T., Lellouch, E., Donati, J.-F., 2008, Venus Doppler winds at Cloud Tops Observed with ESPaDOnS at CFHT, Planetary and Space Science, 56, 1320-1334

The dynamothermal aureole of the Donqiao ophiolite (northern Tibet)

Metamorphic rocks found at the base of the Jurassic Donqiao ophiolite of northern Tibet are interpreted as a basal dynamothermal aureole produced during obduction of the massif. The rocks form a sequence some 8 m thick, varying from high-grade amphibolites at the contact with overlying harzburgites to greenschist facies metasedimentary rocks lower down. The mineral paragenesis is similar to other such aureoles, and indicates that temperatures in excess of 750°C may have been reached during metamorphism. The lack of high-pressure minerals suggests that the rocks were produced by subcretion in a relatively shallow dipping subduction zone. Ar-Ar geochronology on amphibole separates provides dates of 175-180 Ma for the displacement of the ophiolite, significantly older than the age of emplacement estimated from stratigraphic relationships. The ophiolite was clearly obducted very soon after its formation in a suprasubduction zone environment.published_or_final_versio