Η γυναικεία μετανάστευση στην Ελλάδα.Σύγχρονες τάσεις και διαδικασίες εγκατάστασης

Please note: this article is in Greek. Female migration in Greece. Recent developments and settlement processes: Greece has turned in recent years into an immigration region. While migration to started in the early 1980s, it was only in the early 1990s that significant numbers started arriving. An additional important feature of the immigration process in Greece is the large proportion of women who migrate alone in search of employment and do not follow the traditional pattern of accompanying male family members. The purpose of this paper is to examine the recent developments regarding female immigration movement in Greece and to explain the female migration pattern and to look at the models and conditions intertwined with the process of migrants’ women settlement in Greece presenting some of the findings as they appear in a large scale survey for “Immigrant women in Greece” conducting by KETHI (Equality Research Centre-Athens) and included a sample of 612 immigrant women

Migration to Greece: A New Type and Emerging Problems.

Greece is a country with an age-long tradition in emigration and population movements due to specific historical factors. In the twentieth century certain political, economic and family reasons caused a large outflow of Greeks and nearly one million emigrated to western Europe (mostly Germany) and overseas countries (USA, Canada, Australia etc). However, in recent years Greece has witnessed a major reversal of historical patterns and become the hosting country of a large number of immigrants. Since the early 1980s, immigration has increased considerably and Greece has become an immigration country and an attractive destination or transit point for illegal migration. Contemporary migrations are more likely to be of a transnational nature. Given that context, this study presents recent movements of foreign population in Greece which are though to have induced a 'new' type of migration. It will also refer to emerging problems

MARKET POWER AND OFF-INVOICE TRADE PROMOTIONS IN THE US: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

This article employs a Tobit model to examine whether the market power of manufacturers and retailers influence trade promotion decisions in the US food sector. Greater retailer market power increases allocation of funds to off-invoice trade promotions. We find evidence that the balance of power favors food retailers.Marketing,

Gender and international migration: conceptual, substantive and methodological issues

No abstract (available).

The lonely path of migrant women in Greece

About 330,000 foreign immigrant women, out of a total foreign immigrant population close to one million persons, have resided in Greece since the mid-1990s. These women are characterized by diverse patterns of motivation for entering Greece, legal status, ethnicity, migration type (i.e., independent versus associational, transient versus permanent), kinds of employment and living conditions. The overwhelming majority are economic migrants who entered the country illegally or legally but work without permits. After the two legalisations in 1998 and 2001 most of them have acquired a legal status. They show however a high propensity to lapse again into illegality by not renewing their permits, while new illegal arrivals pour in. About two thirds of the women, the same as the male migrants come from Albania and a further 6% from Bulgaria, both bordering Greece. A total of about 86% of female migrants come from the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe, including those of the former Soviet Union. The remaining come from dozens of other source countries in all continents. They represent every religion, with Christians of various denominations and Moslems topping the list. Their motivations range from supporting financially their families at home or in Greece (the considerable number of migrant pupils has been on the increase), to advancing their careers, acquiring more work experience, and combining tourism with employment. Hardly any are illiterate and about one in six or seven have tertiary education. A considerable proportion migrate alone as independent migrants, following a lonely path by striving on their own to settle and make a living in a foreign country. Although there are indications that an increasing number intend to remain in Greece for many years, the majority appear to be transient migrants, not intending permanent settlement. Their living conditions are highly diverse.About 330,000 foreign immigrant women, out of a total foreign immigrant population close to one million persons, have resided in Greece since the mid-1990s. These women are characterized by diverse patterns of motivation for entering Greece, legal status, ethnicity, migration type (i.e., independent versus associational, transient versus permanent), kinds of employment and living conditions. The overwhelming majority are economic migrants who entered the country illegally or legally but work without permits. After the two legalisations in 1998 and 2001 most of them have acquired a legal status. They show however a high propensity to lapse again into illegality by not renewing their permits, while new illegal arrivals pour in. About two thirds of the women, the same as the male migrants come from Albania and a further 6% from Bulgaria, both bordering Greece. A total of about 86% of female migrants come from the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe, including those of the former Soviet Union. The remaining come from dozens of other source countries in all continents. They represent every religion, with Christians of various denominations and Moslems topping the list. Their motivations range from supporting financially their families at home or in Greece (the considerable number of migrant pupils has been on the increase), to advancing their careers, acquiring more work experience, and combining tourism with employment. Hardly any are illiterate and about one in six or seven have tertiary education. A considerable proportion migrate alone as independent migrants, following a lonely path by striving on their own to settle and make a living in a foreign country. Although there are indications that an increasing number intend to remain in Greece for many years, the majority appear to be transient migrants, not intending permanent settlement. Their living conditions are highly diverse

Framing the organisation of intimacy as a policy problem across Europe

This article analyzes how the issue of gender inequality has been framed in connection to families and family policy, especially in the European Union, the Netherlands, Austria and Greece. The period studied is 1995-2004. The analysis shows that the focus is primarily on the division of paid labour as the diagnosis of the policy problem that should be addressed by family policies. Accents on presenting the division of unpaid labour or care as a problem are scarce, and seem to be found mainly in the 1990s (in the Netherlands, Austria and at the EU level). Moreover, the absence of attention for gender inequality within families is a problem in itself. The analysis also shows attempts to legitimise gender equality by linking measures originating in gender equality policies, such as child care services, part time work and parental leave with other goals such as flexible labour, more employment, more children or better functioning families. In these linkages, it is striking that in all of the analysed countries, and even at the EU level, a traditionalisation of thinking about families and the role of women in families can be detected. With the exception of Greece, this seems to be a retraditionalisation. These (re)traditionalised frames redirect measures such as reconciliation towards goals that could very well be contradictory to gender equality.This article analyzes how the issue of gender inequality has been framed in connection to families and family policy, especially in the European Union, the Netherlands, Austria and Greece. The period studied is 1995-2004. The analysis shows that the focus is primarily on the division of paid labour as the diagnosis of the policy problem that should be addressed by family policies. Accents on presenting the division of unpaid labour or care as a problem are scarce, and seem to be found mainly in the 1990s (in the Netherlands, Austria and at the EU level). Moreover, the absence of attention for gender inequality within families is a problem in itself. The analysis also shows attempts to legitimise gender equality by linking measures originating in gender equality policies, such as child care services, part time work and parental leave with other goals such as flexible labour, more employment, more children or better functioning families. In these linkages, it is striking that in all of the analysed countries, and even at the EU level, a traditionalisation of thinking about families and the role of women in families can be detected. With the exception of Greece, this seems to be a retraditionalisation. These (re)traditionalised frames redirect measures such as reconciliation towards goals that could very well be contradictory to gender equality.

Transformations urbaines et diversités locales au Pirée: famille, emploi et chomage

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη / no abstract available

Relations familiales et sociabilité en milieu urbain : le cas du Pirée

Cet article présente une partie des matériaux réunis lors des recherches de sociologie urbaine réalisées dans le cadre d’une collaboration franco-hellénique entre 1986 et 1992 (Cnrs, Ekke grec et université de Paris X-Nanterre). L’enquête empirique s’est déroulée dans quatre quartiers de la ville du Pirée, trois quartiers ouvriers et un quartier petit-bourgeois, auprès d’un échantillon représentatif de huit cents individus (dont la moitié de femmes), d’âge compris entre 20 et 59 ans. Menée par questionnaire, cette investigation visait à recueillir des données portant essentiellement sur la famille, la mobilité socio-professionnelle et l’emploi. L’analyse présentée ici est plus particulièrement centrée sur deux points : d’une part, les formes de relations nouées entre générations à l’intérieur de la famille et, d’autre part, les types de sociabilité qui se développent au niveau de la localité. Elle révèle un décalage prononcé opposant les pratiques et les mentalités des Piréotes de souche à celles des « immigrés de l’intérieur » qui, des années après leur installation en ville, entretiennent beaucoup plus de relations avec leur village d’origine qu’avec leur quartier d’adoption.This article presents material collected through urban sociological research carried out by a Franco-hellenic collaboration between 1986 and 1992 (CNRS, Greek EKKE and université de Paris X-Nanterre). The empirical survey was spread over four district in Piraeus, which are three quarters working class and one quarter petty bourgeois, using a representative sample of 800 individuals (50% women) between the ages of 20 and 59. This investigation, done by questionnaire, aimed to collect data concerning the family, socio-professional mobility and employment. The analysis presented here focuses on two aspects: on the one hand, the types of relations between generations inside the family and, on the other hand, the types of sociabilities which develop in the community. It reveals a distinct gap between the practices and attitudes of original inhabitants of Piraeus and those of immigrants from the “interior” who, after years of settling in the town, maintain greater connections with their village of origin than with their district of adoption

Framing the organisation of intimacy as a policy problem across Europe

This article analyzes how the issue of gender inequality has been framed in connection to families and family policy, especially in the European Union, the Netherlands, Austria and Greece. The period studied is 1995-2004. The analysis shows that the focus is primarily on the division of paid labour as the diagnosis of the policy problem that should be addressed by family policies. Accents on presenting the division of unpaid labour or care as a problem are scarce, and seem to be found mainly in the 1990s (in the Netherlands, Austria and at the EU level). Moreover, the absence of attention for gender inequality within families is a problem in itself. The analysis also shows attempts to legitimise gender equality by linking measures originating in gender equality policies, such as child care services, part time work and parental leave with other goals such as flexible labour, more employment, more children or better functioning families. In these linkages, it is striking that in all of the analysed countries, and even at the EU level, a traditionalisation of thinking about families and the role of women in families can be detected. With the exception of Greece, this seems to be a retraditionalisation. These (re)traditionalised frames redirect measures such as reconciliation towards goals that could very well be contradictory to gender equality.This article analyzes how the issue of gender inequality has been framed in connection to families and family policy, especially in the European Union, the Netherlands, Austria and Greece. The period studied is 1995-2004. The analysis shows that the focus is primarily on the division of paid labour as the diagnosis of the policy problem that should be addressed by family policies. Accents on presenting the division of unpaid labour or care as a problem are scarce, and seem to be found mainly in the 1990s (in the Netherlands, Austria and at the EU level). Moreover, the absence of attention for gender inequality within families is a problem in itself. The analysis also shows attempts to legitimise gender equality by linking measures originating in gender equality policies, such as child care services, part time work and parental leave with other goals such as flexible labour, more employment, more children or better functioning families. In these linkages, it is striking that in all of the analysed countries, and even at the EU level, a traditionalisation of thinking about families and the role of women in families can be detected. With the exception of Greece, this seems to be a retraditionalisation. These (re)traditionalised frames redirect measures such as reconciliation towards goals that could very well be contradictory to gender equality.