Identificação dos fatores relevantes na decisão da alocação dos recursos econômicos visando um trânsito seguro

A municipalização do trânsito no Brasil, a partir do final da década de 1990, transformou o município em um importante agente social no cenário contemporâneo da educação no trânsito. A expansão das receitas dos órgãos executivos de trânsito coloca em pauta novos desafios de atuação do município, exigindo maior profissionalismo na aplicação dos recursos arrecadados, num contexto social que espera que os municípios produzam e transpareçam resultados efetivos de suas ações. Diante desta realidade, a possibilidade de se identificarem os fatores capazes de traduzir a complexa problemática de aplicação dos recursos arrecadados dos órgãos executivos de trânsito não é uma tarefa simples. A maioria das iniciativas para isso acaba falhando, principalmente pela multiplicidade de aspectos a serem considerados na abordagem do problema. Muitas vezes são omitidos ou desprezados os aspectos que deveriam ser contemplados, resultando em simplificações que acabam por produzir estruturas de avaliação incapazes de representar a realidade do processo. O presente estudo propõe-se a identificar os fatores relevantes na tomada de decisão para aplicação dos recursos arrecadados com multas de trânsito, a partir das visões dos diversos especialistas de trânsito e dos gestores de órgãos executivos de trânsito das capitais brasileiras. A identificação desses fatores foi possível a partir da utilização da Técnica Delphi, a qual foi realizada através de sete rodadas de entrevistas com 12 especialistas e aplicação de um questionário junto aos gestores de 10 das maiores capitais do pais. O produto final da pesquisa foi a construção da estrutura hierárquica desses fatores e suas respectivas dimensões

Efeito da alteração ambiental sobre comunidades de Odonata em riachos de Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais, Brasil Effects of environmental degradation on Odonata community of Atlantic Forest streams from Minas Gerais, Brazil

<abstract language="eng">The effect of riparian deforestation and stream impoundments on an odonate community was studied in áreas of surviving Atlantic forest in Viçosa and in Rio Doce State Park (PERD), Marliéria, Minas Gerais, Brazil. During 1997 16 species of Libellulidae, 4 Coenagrionidae, 2 Gomphidae, 2 Calopterygidae, 1 Megapodagrionidae, 1 Aeshnidae and 3 Protoneuridae were collected. In Viçosa, the association of sampled odonates with lotic or lentic systems, and in PERD for areas with or without riparian vegetation were compared. The results suggest that although overall odonate taxonomic richness is high in areas without riparian vegetation. Likely, because productivity increase of such areas and its invasion by lentic Odonata species

Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters from the T2K experiment using 3.6×10213.6\times 10^{21} protons on target

The T2K experiment presents new measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters using $19.7(16.3)\times 10^{20}$ protons on target (POT) in (anti-)neutrino mode at the far detector (FD). Compared to the previous analysis, an additional $4.7\times 10^{20}$ POT neutrino data was collected at the FD. Significant improvements were made to the analysis methodology, with the near-detector analysis introducing new selections and using more than double the data. Additionally, this is the first T2K oscillation analysis to use NA61/SHINE data on a replica of the T2K target to tune the neutrino flux model, and the neutrino interaction model was improved to include new nuclear effects and calculations. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses are presented, including results on $\sin ^2\theta _{13}$ and the impact of priors on the $\delta _{\textrm{CP}}$ measurement. Both analyses prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of $\sin ^2\theta _{23}$ with a nearly maximally CP-violating phase. Assuming the normal ordering and using the constraint on $\sin ^2\theta _{13}$ from reactors, $\sin ^2\theta _{23}=0.561^{+0.021}_{-0.032}$ using Feldman–Cousins corrected intervals, and $\varDelta {}m^2_{32}=2.494_{-0.058}^{+0.041}\times 10^{-3}~\text {eV}^2$ using constant $\varDelta \chi ^{2}$ intervals. The CP-violating phase is constrained to $\delta _{\textrm{CP}}=-1.97_{-0.70}^{+0.97}$ using Feldman–Cousins corrected intervals, and $\delta _{\textrm{CP}}=0,\pi$ is excluded at more than 90% confidence level. A Jarlskog invariant of zero is excluded at more than $2\sigma$ credible level using a flat prior in $\delta _{\textrm{CP}},$ and just below $2\sigma$ using a flat prior in $\sin \delta _{\textrm{CP}}.$ When the external constraint on $\sin ^2\theta _{13}$ is removed, $\sin ^2\theta _{13}=28.0^{+2.8}_{-6.5}\times 10^{-3},$ in agreement with measurements from reactor experiments. These results are consistent with previous T2K analyses

Measurements of the <math display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> and <math display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math>-induced coherent charged pion production cross sections on <math display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow><mprescripts/><none/><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> by the T2K experiment

We report an updated measurement of the νμ-induced, and the first measurement of the ν¯μ-induced coherent charged pion production cross section on C12 nuclei in the Tokai-to-Kamioka experiment. This is measured in a restricted region of the final-state phase space for which pμ,π&gt;0.2  GeV, cos(θμ)&gt;0.8 and cos(θπ)&gt;0.6, and at a mean (anti)neutrino energy of 0.85 GeV using the T2K near detector. The measured νμ charged current coherent pion production flux-averaged cross section on C12 is (2.98±0.37(stat)±0.31(syst)-0.00+0.49(Q2 model))×10-40  cm2. The new measurement of the ν¯μ-induced cross section on C12 is (3.05±0.71(stat)±0.39(syst)-0.00+0.74(Q2 model))×10-40  cm2. The results are compatible with both the NEUT 5.4.0 Berger-Sehgal (2009) and GENIE 2.8.0 Rein-Sehgal (2007) model predictions

First measurement of muon neutrino charged-current interactions on hydrocarbon without pions in the final state using multiple detectors with correlated energy spectra at T2K

This paper reports the first measurement of muon neutrino charged-current interactions without pions in the final state using multiple detectors with correlated energy spectra at T2K. The data was collected on hydrocarbon targets using the off-axis T2K near detector (ND280) and the on-axis T2K near detector (INGRID) with neutrino energy spectra peaked at 0.6 GeV and 1.1 GeV, respectively. The correlated neutrino flux presents an opportunity to reduce the impact of the flux uncertainty and to study the energy dependence of neutrino interactions. The extracted double-differential cross sections are compared to several Monte Carlo neutrino-nucleus interaction event generators showing the agreement between both detectors individually and with the correlated result

Updated T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using <math display="inline"><mrow><mn>3.6</mn><mo>×</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>21</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> protons on target

Muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance probabilities are identical in the standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework, but CPT violation and nonstandard interactions can violate this symmetry. In this work we report the measurements of sin2θ23 and Δm322 independently for neutrinos and antineutrinos. The aforementioned symmetry violation would manifest as an inconsistency in the neutrino and antineutrino oscillation parameters. The analysis discussed here uses a total of 1.97×1021 and 1.63×1021 protons on target taken with a neutrino and antineutrino beam respectively, and benefits from improved flux and cross section models, new near-detector samples and more than double the data reducing the overall uncertainty of the result. No significant deviation is observed, consistent with the standard neutrino oscillation picture

The Pierre Auger Observatory open data

The Pierre Auger Collaboration has embraced the concept of open access to their research data since its foundation, with the aim of giving access to the widest possible community. A gradual process of release began as early as 2007 when 1% of the cosmic-ray data was made public, along with 100% of the space-weather information. In February 2021, a portal was released containing 10% of cosmic-ray data collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory from 2004 to 2018, during the first phase of operation of the Observatory. The Open Data Portal includes detailed documentation about the detection and reconstruction procedures, analysis codes that can be easily used and modified and, additionally, visualization tools. Since then, the Portal has been updated and extended. In 2023, a catalog of the highest-energy cosmic-ray events examined in depth has been included. A specific section dedicated to educational use has been developed with the expectation that these data will be explored by a wide and diverse community, including professional and citizen scientists, and used for educational and outreach initiatives. This paper describes the context, the spirit, and the technical implementation of the release of data by the largest cosmic-ray detector ever built and anticipates its future developments