Molecular cloning of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor and their expression pattern in the Chilean flounder (Paralichthys adspersus)

Insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1 and IGF-1R) play main roles in vertebrate growth and development. In fish, besides contributing to somatic growth, both molecules exhibit pleiotropic functions. We isolated complete cDNAs sequences encoding for both IGF-1 and IGF-1R in the Chilean flounder by using RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNAs ends (RACE) techniques. We analyzed gene expression in pre-metamorphic larvae and different organs of juvenile fish through whole mount in situ hybridization and RT-PCR, respectively. In addition, we studied the presence of calcified skeletal structures in pre-metamorphic larvae through the fluorescent chromophore calcein. The IGF-1 cDNA sequence displays an open reading frame of 558 nucleotides, encoding a 185 amino acid preproIGF-1. Moreover, IGF-1R contains an open reading frame spanning 4239 nucleotides, rendering a 702 amino acid subunit alpha and a 676 amino acid subunit beta. The deduced mature IGF-1 and IGF-1R exhibited high sequence identities with their corresponding orthologs in fishes, especially those domains involved in biological activity. RT-PCR showed expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R transcripts in all studied tissues, consistent with their pleiotropic functions. Furthermore, we observed IGF-1 expression in notochord and IGF-1R expression in notochord, somites and head in larvae of 8 and 9. days post fertilization. Complementarily, we detected in larvae of 8. days post fertilization the presence of calcified skeletal structures in notochord and head. Interestingly, both mRNAs and calcified structures were found in territories such as notochord, an embryonic midline structure essential for the pattern of surrounding tissues as nervous system and mesoderm. Our results suggest that IGF-1 and its receptor play an important role in the development of the nervous system, muscle and bone-related structures during larval stages. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.This work was supported by Grants Nº 1090416 from FONDECYT and 15-03/28-04/13-06I from UNAB Research Fund to A.M., FONDECYT Nº1095128 to A.E.R., and the Millennium Institute for Fundamental and Basic Biology (MIFAB).Peer Reviewe

LENGTH VS. TRANSVERSAL GAUGE CALCULATIONS FOR NONLINEAR OPTICS

"We present a comparison of the optical nonlinear response calculations for bulk semiconductors, using length and transversal gauges. Ab initio calculations of the second-order optical susceptibilities for GaAs are presented as a case of study; calculations were performed using local density approximation (LDA) and to correct the underestimation of the band gap within density functional theory (DFT) scissors correction was implemented. Both formalisms were derived from the density matrix approach and the problem of gauge invariance is discussed.

AT514, a cyclic depsipeptide from Serratia marcescens, induces apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Interference with the Akt/NF-kB survival pathway

8 páginas, 5 figuras -- PAGS nros. 572-579Clinical treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is limited by the progressive drug resistance and nonselectivity of most drugs towards malignant cells. Depsipeptides are present in certain bacteria and display potent antitumor activity. We have studied the effect of the novel cyclodepsipeptide AT514 (serratamolide) from Serratia marcescens on B-CLL cell viability. AT514 induced apoptosis of B-CLL cells from the 21 patients studied, as confirmed by Annexin-V binding and nuclei condensation, with an average IC50 of 13 M. AT514 was effective in those B-CLL cases resistant to fludarabine, but had no effect on normal PBL. AT514 preferentially activated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as evidenced by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-9 and -3, but not of caspase-8. Importantly, AT514 interfered with phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and protein kinase C survival signals since it increased the apoptotic effect of LY294002 and BisI inhibitors, and induced Akt dephosphorylation at Ser 473. AT514 also decreased NF-B activity by dramatically reducing the levels of p65 in B-CLL. This was confirmed on functional assays using NF-B-luc-transfected Raji cells and transgenic mice. Our results establish that AT514 induces apoptosis of primary B-CLL cells and could be useful for clinical treatment of this malignancyThis work was supported by grants 08.3/0030.1/2003 from the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, SAF2003-00824 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (MCyT), and 01/1183 from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (to AGP); and CIDEM Grant 301888 (Generalitat de Catalunya)/Fundació Bosch i Gimpera, to RPT). E Escobar and E López-Martín were supported by fellowships from MCyTPeer reviewe

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

HISTORIA E MEIO AMBIENTE: Debates teóricos, encontros e desencontros com os campos da biologia e o direito na abordagem da relação entre os homens e os animais

O artigo versa sobre a atuação interdisciplinar nas problemáticas ambientais sob a ótica da História Ambiental, especialização dos saberes historiográficos que advoga a necessidade de um diálogo com outras ciências, a exemplo da Biologia e do Direito, sem que haja uma perda de identidade entre os campos teóricos em debate. Nesta perspectiva, são abordados, teoricamente, temas como o das trocas entre História e Biologia, o estado da arte nos estudos que tem como foco a relação entre os homens e os outros animais em diferentes ambientes históricos e perspectiva filosófico-política da Ecologia Human

As vantagens da delegação de competência do licenciamento ambiental dos estados para os municípios

Os órgãos ambientais estaduais passaram a delegar aos municípios a responsabilidade pelo controle ambiental. São possíveis estas transferências de gestão, perante a lei. A pesquisa discute essa nova modalidade de gestão em alguns estados, especialmente em Mato Grosso, onde a Secretaria Estadual de Meio Ambiente permite que prefeituras passem a cuidar do licenciamento e fiscalização de alguns tipos de atividades econômicas. Alguns municípios já estão com gestão ambiental própria, somente para atividades de impacto local. O artigo analisa a possibilidade desta transferência de competência, de maneira que as prefeituras garantam o mesmo nível de proteção ambiental que os estados.

Estudio comparativo de métodos de compensación de fricción en servomecanismos

Presenta diferentes métodos de compensación de fricción en sistemas simples como el de masa-resorte-amortiguador y en sistemas mucho más complejos como servomecanismos de alta presión. Se utilizan técnicas tanto convencionales (PID y Feedforward) como modernas incluyendo lógica fuzzy. El estudio se lo realiza a nivel de simulación utilizando los paquetes Matalab/Simulink. Los parámetros de la función no-lineal que modela la fricción son estimación a partir de datos experimentales tomados de las referencias y de esta manera puede verse su influencia en la precisión y velocidad de respuesta de los sistemas estudiados. Para el compensador PID se utilizan dos métodos para ajuste de sus parámetros Autosintonizador de Feele y mediante Función Descriptiva.Fierro Brito, Rafae

Estudio de las erupciones plinianas del volcán Misti pertenecientes al Pleistoceno Superior que emplazaron los depósitos “Sandwich Inferior” y Sandwich Superior” en la ciudad de Arequipa

Determina el alcance areal de las erupciones volcánicas del volcán Misti en la ciudad de Arequipa. Estudia los 24 modelamientos de dispersión de ceniza realizados en ASH3D (USGS) con los cuales se elaboró el “Mapa de Peligros por Caídas de Tefra para Erupciones de Magnitudes Similares al “Sandwich” IEV 5-4”, este mapa revela espesores de hasta 3 mm de lapilli de tefra en un área semielíptica de 83,754 km2 y tres ejes menores. Sus dos puntos más distales son a ~294 km al este-noreste (desde el cráter) y 220 km al oeste-suroeste (desde el cráter), abarcando casi el área total del lago Titicaca y Moquegua, el ~50% del sur de Arequipa y Puno, llegando hasta la localidad de Achacachi en Bolivia, Mirave en Tacna, 208 km de playas y ~31 millas del Océano Pacífico.Perú, INGEMMET – FONDECYT, Convenio 158-2017

Influencia de la escoria de cobre en hormigones autocompactantes

El proyecto INFLUENCIA DE LA ESCORIA DE COBRE EN HORMIGONES AUTOCOMPACTANTES, tiene como propósito estudiar el comportamiento que experimentan los hormigones autocompactantes al incorporar Escoria de cobre (EFC) en la mezcla de concreto. Se analizan las resistencias mecánicas, propiedades de impermeabilidad y propiedades físicas en estado fresco de la mezcla obtenida. Para lograrlo, se realiza una recopilación de información de los procesos y sistemas involucrados en la elaboración de cada material, normativas y estudios anteriores. Estos antecedentes constituyen la base para la realización de esta investigación. La fase experimental se desarrolla en la empresa de Hormigones MELON, específicamente en el laboratorio de hormigones, ubicado en Colon Bajo, Mina el Teniente de Codelco Chile. Se ejecuta un HAC 50-90-10 para una relación A/C de 0,54; realizando mezclas de árido fino y Escoria de cobre, esta última, se agrega en proporciones de 15%, 20% y 25%. También, se elabora un hormigón patrón del tipo autocompactante, que permitirá realizar los ensayos comparativos necesarios para obtener los resultados requeridos